Yaya ra'ayin kulle-kulle ne don magance rikici a cikin al'adun siyasa? Zuciyar da nake yi tana cewa: ba yawa. Muna cikin matakin buguwa. Bikin kusan rashin zargi ga littafin Michael Lewis kan cutar, duk da haka, ya mayar da ni baya guda ko biyu. A gaskiya, yana ba ni tsoro.
Zuwa yanzu, kowa ya san dabarar adabin Lewis. Ya bincika wani sanannen lamari a cikin wani yanki na rayuwar Amurkawa wanda yawancin mutane suka damu da shi. A matsayinsa na dan jarida ya san yadda labarin ya kare. Haka kuma masu karatun sa. Aikin sa shi ne ya nemo mutanen da ba za su iya ba da suka fito a matsayin masu nasara ta hanyar shawo kan duk wata matsala.
A cikin Lewis's oeuvre, waɗannan mutane ne waɗanda suka tashi daga duhu zuwa ga zama ƙwararrun ƴan wasan kwaikwayo yayin da suke ɗauke da majajjawa da kibiyoyi na kafa da suka yi yaƙi. Suna yin galaba a ƙarshe, domin ya zama darasi gare mu duka. Labari ne na Amurkawa na ƙasƙanci da ba a yarda da shi ba wanda ke aiki da ƙarfin hali da ƙa'ida, kuma galibi ta hanyar ilhami, don kiran harbin da ya dace da tabbatar da hikimar al'ada ba daidai ba.
Na'ura ce mai kyau, muddin kun san ƙarshen labarin rayuwa. Kumfa gidaje ta karye. Kungiyar kwallon kwando ta yi nasara. Masana sun fadi daga alheri. Da sauransu. Mu waiwaya baya don ganin ayyukan da ke cikin boyayyen baiwa. Mai ba da labari na kowa da kowa zai iya gane baƙon mai hikima kuma ya saƙa labarin da zai sa komai ya zama daidai.
Hankalina na sabon littafin Lewis game da cutar - The Premonition, wanda ke tura wannan na'urar a cikin tsinkayar jariri - shine ya yi babban kuskure. Ya je buga ma da sauri tare da unstainable thesis, wanda ba shi da zobe na gaskiya.
Ya ɗauka tun farkon rubuce-rubucen cewa jaruman waje waɗanda suka yi nasara a ranar su ne jami'an kiwon lafiyar jama'a waɗanda suka tura kulle-kulle - dabarun yaƙi da zamantakewa, siyasa, cuta ba tare da tsarin zamani ba. Sun shawo kan kafuwar kafuwar da ke da shakku game da "shisshigin jama'a" - da gaske share Dokar Hakki - kuma ta haka ne suka cancanci shiga tarihi a matsayin annabawan da suka yi kira daidai kuma sun ceci rayuka marasa adadi.
E, haka ne. Yana yin jarumai daga cikin ƴan ƙwararrun ƴan boko (abin mamaki sosai yadda aka samu da kuma yadda suka yi nasara) waɗanda suka ƙirƙira ra'ayin korar jama'a gaba ɗaya su zama haruffa marasa wasa a cikin algorithm na kwamfuta mai ƙirar cuta. Misali mafi muni na gazawar manufofin jama'a na kimiyya da ba mu gani ba a rayuwarmu.
Kuskuren da Lewis ya yi shine yarda da cewa labarin kulle-kulle na cutar ya ƙare wani lokaci a farkon 2021, lokacin da masu kulle-kulle ke rataye a kai duk da labarinsu yana rugujewa. Amma menene bambanci da 'yan watanni ke yi. Jihohi a ranar 1 ga Yuni, 2021, suna buɗewa cikin matsananciyar buɗaɗɗiya, suna soke shirye-shiryen wani nau'in sassaucin ra'ayi mai sarrafawa kuma a maimakon haka suna kawar da komai gaba ɗaya. Gwamna Charlie Baker ba uzuri mafi ban dariya: saboda 'yan ƙasa "sun yi abubuwan da ya kamata mu yi," yanzu kwayar cutar ta kasance "a kan gudu" - kamar dai ƙwayoyin cuta haruffa ne na son rai waɗanda ke tsoratar da ikon siyasa waɗanda ke samun goyan bayan takaddun ilimi da bin jama'a.
Duk da alfaharin gwamnonin kulle-kulle, da alama a yanzu kamar tsarin Florida - ba dabarun kulle-kulle na Jihohin Blue ba - ya ci nasara a ranar. Ron DeSantis ya fara kawo karshen kulle-kulle a cikin Afrilu 2020. Tekun rairayin bakin teku sun cika a lokacin bazara 2020, kuma babu wani sakamako mai tsanani, duk da tsinkayar tsinkayen New York Times. Zuwa watan Satumba, duk jihar ta bude ba tare da wani hani ba kwata-kwata. Babu wani bala'i; hakika sakamakon ya fi California, wanda ya kasance a kulle har tsawon shekara guda, ya rasa mazauna, kasuwanci, da kuma sahihanci.
Nasarar ta Florida ta yi tasiri a kan yawancin jihohin da aka kulle. Texas ta biyo baya, jihar bayan da jihar ta soke umarnin rufe fuska da ƙuntatawa iya aiki. A halin yanzu, tauraron Gwamna DeSantis yana tashi har abada a cikin jiharsa, da kuma tsakanin 'yan Republican. Wani abu makamancin haka ya faru a South Dakota, inda gwamna Kristy Noem bai taɓa rufe kasuwanci ɗaya ba kuma yana iya yin fariya da haƙƙin tattalin arziƙin da kuma sakamakon cutar da bai fi muni fiye da jihohin kulle-kulle ba.
Gaskiyar buɗaɗɗen jihohi babu inda aka ambata a cikin littafin Lewis. Makaho daya ne kawai a tsakanin mutane da yawa. Bai taba maganar tsadar tattalin arziki na kulle-kulle ba. Ba mu ji komai game da raguwar kashi 50% na gwajin cutar kansa, fashewar miyagun ƙwayoyi da shan barasa, matsalar lafiyar hankali na matasa, asarar shekarar ilimi a tsakanin yara da yawa, dubu ɗari da rugujewar kasuwancin, bala'in ɓarna na kasafin kuɗi da manufofin kuɗi waɗanda suka yi ƙoƙarin maye gurbin kasuwannin kulle-kulle, da yanke ƙauna, firgita, da fargaba a cikin jama'a.
Haka kuma bai ambaci wata kalma game da takaddama mai zurfi game da ma'auni da tasirin cutar da kanta ba. Duk littafin ya dogara ne akan da'awar mai sauƙi cewa wannan ya kasance mafi muni ko mafi muni fiye da 1918, ba tare da wata kalma ba game da ƙididdigar ƙididdiga masu tsanani, cewa matsakaicin shekarun da suka rasa rayukansu ya yi daidai da matsakaicin rayuwa, cewa haɗarin yara da matasa ya zama kusa da sifili, cewa kwayar cutar da kanta ta kasance mai ƙaura a cikin ƙasa kamar yadda tsoffin masanan suka yi hasashen cewa daidaitattun gwaje-gwajen da aka yi a can. rarrabuwar sanadin mutuwa (za a yi shekaru kafin a warware wannan rikici).
Ba mu kusa fahimtar abin da ya faru da mu ba saboda cutar sankara da daidaita hakan a kan mummuna da ci gaba da cutar da rayuwa a ƙarƙashin manufofin kulle-kullen cewa Lewis ya gamsu ko ta yaya (ba tare da wata hujja ba kwata-kwata) ita ce hanya madaidaiciya.
Jumloli biyu kawai a cikin duka littafin sun ambaci duk wani ƙwararren da ke da shakku game da kulle-kulle. Babu wata kalma game da Babban Sanarwar Barrington ko sa hannunta kusan miliyan ɗaya, waɗanda a cikinsu akwai dubun dubatar masana kimiyya da likitocin likita. Haka kuma zanga-zangar da ake yi a duniya. Haka kuma dozin ɗin da yawa na duniya da na cikin gida waɗanda ba su iya nuna duk wata gaskiyar da za a iya lura da ita game da kulle-kullen ceton rayuka - gaskiyar da ta rusa gabaɗayan karatunsa cewa masu kulle-kulle sun yi daidai. Lewis bai taɓa ambata wannan ba saboda wannan ba almara ba ne; a cikin babban littafinsa, almara ne.
Na yi matukar jin haushin furucinsa na korar da Dr. John Iaonnidis ya yi cewa “ya yi hasashen cewa sama da Amurkawa dubu goma ba za su mutu ba.” A zahiri, farfesa na Stanford a hankali ya guji yin irin wannan tsinkaya daidai saboda ya ƙware a aikace (da ɗabi'a) mahimmanci na tawali'u na kimiyya. Adadin 10,000 ya fito ne daga farkonsa Labarin Statnews, wanda a cikinsa ya ke misalta ta misali da hadadden lissafi na mace-mace da kamuwa da cuta. Ya ce idan CFR ya kasance 0.3% "kuma 1% na yawan jama'ar Amurka sun kamu da cutar" wannan zai fassara zuwa kusan mutuwar 10,000.
Iaonnidis ba ya annabta wannan; ya bayyana yadda CFR/IFR ke aiki a fannin lissafi da kuma yin hakan ta hanyar da zai sauƙaƙa masu karatu su bi. A halin yanzu, Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya da kanta ta karɓi ƙididdigar Ioannidis na kansa game da adadin masu kamuwa da cuta: gabaɗaya ƙasa da 0.20% (ƙasa da yadda aka fara hasashe), amma musamman ga al'ummomin ƙasa da 70 shine 0.05% - wanda jama'a ke kullewa! Abin da Lewis ya ce a nan ba kome ba ne illa zagi na ɗaya daga cikin ƴan ƙwararrun ƙwararrun masana kimiyya waɗanda suka jajirce wajen yin kira ga tsarin kimiyyar kulle-kulle. Ioannidis zai yi magana mafi kyau don jarumtaka.
Amma irin waɗannan rikice-rikice sun yi yawa ga Lewis, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa littafinsa ya yi watsi da ainihin duk littattafan kimiyya da za su bayyana a cikin waɗannan watanni 15 na jahannama, kuma ya yi watsi da kwarewar kowace ƙasa a duniya, gami da waɗanda ba su kulle ko motsa jiki kawai ikon sarrafa haske (Taiwan, Sweden, Nicaragua, Koriya ta Kudu, Belarus, Tanzaniya) kuma suna da kyakkyawan sakamako na cuta fiye da ƙasashen kullewa. A gaskiya ma, abin da ya fi mayar da hankali ga laser akan jaruman da ya zaci na'urar adabi ce mai ban sha'awa amma tana aiki ne kawai don ba da labari da aka saita. Lokacin da kuke fama da annoba ta duniya a rayuwa ta ainihi, na'urar ta ɓace kamar wani abu da ke bayyana gaskiyar a ƙasa.
Jarumai a cikin littafin sune hudu: 1) Robert Glass da 'yarsa Laura, wanda a cikin 2006 ya fara mafarkin ra'ayin rabuwar mutum (da lalata zamantakewa) a matsayin hanyar magance cututtuka, dukansu biyu sun ɓace 2) acolyte Carter Mecher, ma'aikacin fadar White House mai zurfi a karkashin George W. Bush da Obama sun juya VA mai ba da shawara wanda ya yi imani da cewa cutar za ta bace a cikin mutane 3 idan mutane sun kasance marasa lafiya. Hatchett, wani jami'in gwamnatin zamanin Bush wanda ke da horon likitanci wanda ya fadi don ra'ayin kulle-kulle kuma ya yi amfani da aikinsa a cikin tizzy mai ban tsoro, da 4) Charity Dean, ma'aikaciyar kula da lafiyar jama'a da ba a iya gani a California wacce ta sami kanta a babban matsayi saboda bayar da shawarar kulle-kullenta kuma wacce tun daga lokacin ta mayar da shahararta zuwa sabbin ribar da aka samu a cikin kasuwancin da aka samu.
Yadda waɗannan mutane suka yi nasara sama da shekaru goma da rabi - ɗaukar yarjejeniya mai ma'ana ta lafiyar jama'a a baya don goyon bayan zamantakewar zamantakewa da kasuwanci na yau da kullun yayin bala'i - a zahiri yana yin nazari mai ban sha'awa game da yadda tsattsauran ra'ayi na akida zai iya maye gurbin ingantaccen kimiyya. Dokta Glass, alal misali, ya yarda da sanin komai game da ƙwayoyin cuta; shi masanin shirye-shiryen kwamfuta ne wanda, kamar crank, ya yi imanin cewa matsayinsa na waje ya ba shi haske na musamman wanda duk kwararrun masana makafi. Mecher likitan dakin gaggawa ne wanda ya yi imanin cewa gaggawar daukar matakin dakatar da zubar jini ita ce kadai hanyar magance matsaloli. Hatchett, an gaya mani, yana da nadama a yau game da rawar da ya taka amma abin da ya yi a lokacin shi ne don yin wani abu, ko wanene, don ragewa a zarge shi da yin komai.
Bayar da zurfin tarihin akidar kulle-kulle shine ƙarfin littafin. Taken da kansa ya fito daga kwarewar Hatchett a cikin bala'in 2009 wanda bai taɓa yin yawa ba. H1N1 ne kuma shi da Mecher suka ba da shawarar a rufe makarantu, kamar yadda suka fi son shekaru da yawa kuma sun sake turawa, zuwa babban tasiri, a cikin 2020. A lokacin an ce Obama ya “kula da harsashi.” Hatchet yana da ra'ayi daban-daban, kamar yadda Lewis ya taƙaita: cewa babu abin da ya faru da yawa shine "saƙo a cikin kwalba. A premonition. Gargadi." Kai, magana game da yin watsi da shaidar da ke kewaye da ku ko canza zuwa tatsuniya na zaɓinku!
Mun koya daga labarin game da ƴan ƙaramin rukuni na mutanen da kawai suke ƙaiƙayi don gwada ka'idar, tabbas cewa wani dodo mai kisa yana zuwa wanda zai buƙaci gwanintarsu. Duk wani kwaro zai yi. Dukkansu, da gaske. Lokacin da Covid-19 ya buge, wannan shine damar su. Sauran ƙwararrun waɗanda suka daɗe suna shakkar ra'ayoyinsu masu banƙyama sun ɓace a hankali a hankali yayin da waɗanda suka tuba ke bayyana a cikin ma'aikatun gwamnati, sassan ilimi, da kafofin watsa labarai, godiya a wani ɓangare na tallafin kuɗi na irin su Gidauniyar Bill da Melinda Gates.
Littafin Lewis yana da kyau wajen bayyana ra'ayoyinsu kuma ta haka yana bayyana abin da ke damun su, duk da haka ba da gangan ba. Ba sa ɗaukar ƙwayoyin cuta a matsayin wani ɓangare na rayuwa. Suna tsammanin su kadai sun san yadda ake buga dukkan kwayoyin cuta. Tunanin rigakafi na halitta ya same su duka a matsayin m. Ba su da kyau wajen yin bambance-bambance masu kyau game da haɗari, don haka babban fasalin SARS-CoV-2 - cewa kusan ba cuta ba ce ga matasa, damuwa ga manya masu lafiya, yayin da mai yuwuwar mutuwa ga tsofaffi waɗanda ke da cututtukan cututtuka - an rasa su saboda irin waɗannan bayanan haɗarin ta shekaru ko yanayin ƙasa (ko riga-kafi) ba sa cikin tsarin su. Lalle ne, sun yarda da samfuran fiye da kimiyya, wanda ke nufin sun amince da allon su akan gaskiya.
Na rubuta game da duk waɗannan a farkon 2020 kuma a duk lokacin bazara, yadda ka'idar "zamantakewar zamantakewa" ta samo asali a cikin bikin baje kolin kimiyya na makarantar sakandare (Laura Glass ya kasance 14), yadda "matsalolin marasa magani" ba komai ba ne illa lamuni don rufe al'umma, da sauransu. Ma'ana, kulle-kulle akida ce, ba kimiyya ba. Duk wannan ya tabbata a cikin wannan littafi. Lewis ya ci gaba da nuna yadda waɗannan masu tsattsauran ra'ayi waɗanda suka yi tunanin cewa sun zarce shekaru 100 na ƙwarewar lafiyar jama'a sannu a hankali sun zo yin tasiri mai nauyi.
Akwai rahotanni masu ban sha'awa a nan. Misali, ya nuna yadda Charity Dean, mai kula da kulle-kullen California, ta san cewa shirye-shiryenta ba za su taba yin aiki ba idan mutane sun dauki kulle-kulle kamar yadda gwamnati ta sanya shi kadai. Ta shirya wani kamfen na kafofin watsa labaru, rashin da'a na nuna tsoron jama'a, wani nau'in kishin kasa na biyayya, don zaburarwa da cusa ayyukan tilasta bin al'adu. Dukkanmu mun fuskanci wannan: mulkin Karens, wulakanta marasa abin rufe fuska, masu shakku, masu adawa, da mutanen da suka yi imanin cewa ya kamata 'yancin ɗan adam ya kasance cikin annoba ma.
Littafin Lewis ko dai abin ba'a ne ko kuma mai hatsarin gaske, ya danganta. Hankalina na sanya shi shine: wannan ba zai taba tashi ba. Mutane sun san da yawa game da gazawar abin da masu kulle-kulle suka yi, ɓarna, ɓarna, bincike, bala'i gabaɗaya musamman ga matalauta, masu aiki, da yaran makaranta. Duk da haka, New York Times yana son shi, haka kuma Minti 60 ya yi. Damuwar da nake yi a nan ba ta wuce fim ɗin ba. Idan irin wannan abu ya fito, kuma jarumawansa sun yi nasara a kan ƙwararrun ƙwararrun masana kimiyya waɗanda suka yi iyakar ƙoƙarinsu don kare al'umma daga masu tsattsauran ra'ayi, za mu kasance cikin mummunan hali, muna zaune a cikin ducks kawai muna jiran uzuri na gaba don ɗaukar mutane kamar berayen lab a cikin gwajin zamantakewar wani.
Ya zuwa yanzu basirar Lewis don ba da labari tana da nishadi kuma tana da kima zuwa wani matsayi, ba tare da wani babban farashi ga al'umma ba. Hazakarsa a wannan karon - menene idan ya yi magana da wani mai ilimin gaske? - zai iya saukar da mu a cikin wani mummunan wuri, sai dai idan akwai matsananciyar turawa ga duk abin da ke cikin wannan littafin (Zan iya rubuta wasu kalmomi 5,000). Fiction ba shi da illa har sai ba haka ba.
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Jeffrey Tucker shine Wanda ya kafa, Mawallafi, kuma Shugaban Kasa a Cibiyar Brownstone. Shi ne kuma babban masanin tattalin arziki na Epoch Times, marubucin littattafai 10, ciki har da Rayuwa Bayan Kulle, da dubunnan labarai da yawa a cikin jaridu masu ilimi da shahararru. Yana magana da yawa akan batutuwan tattalin arziki, fasaha, falsafar zamantakewa, da al'adu.
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