Na aro wannan take daga wani makala na marigayi, mai girma Michael Crichton, wanda aka rataye a littafinsa na 2004. Kasar Tsoro. Zan kuma yi aron hankali daga maƙala da kuma novel ɗin kanta, tunda ina shakkar yawancin ku kun karanta ko kun yi niyya, duk da cewa ya kamata. Zan yi ƙoƙarin bayar da taƙaitaccen bayani, wanda ya dace da batunsa da nawa, ba tare da ba da yawa ba (ka sani, idan kuna son karantawa).
Siyasa da kasuwancin kimiyya wani abu ne na jigo mai maimaitawa a yawancin sanannun litattafan Crichton, kamar su. Congo, tafiyar lokaci, ganima, kuma ba shakka, Jurassic Park. MD wanda ya horar da Harvard, Crichton a kai a kai yana amfani da makircinsa masu ban sha'awa don jayayya cewa dole ne dan Adam ya rungumi kimiyya a matsayin kayan aiki amma kada ya bar shi ya zama ubangijinmu. A matsayinsa na marubuci, ya ƙware wajen nuna sanyin sakamakon ƙarshen, yawanci sosai, tare da cin abinci da dinosaur ko gorillas ko nanobots ko menene kuke da su.
A cikin makalar da aka ambata a sama, Crichton ya rubuta game da ka'idar kimiyya da ta fito a farkon karnin da ya gabata. “Masu Cigaba” sun karɓe shi sosai a cikin gwamnati, daga Woodrow Wilson zuwa Oliver Wendell Holmes zuwa Louis Brandeis. Shahararrun mutane daga wasu sassa na rayuwa - abin da za mu kira a yau "elites" - suma sun yi saurin shiga jirgin: Alexander Graham Bell, Leland Stanford, HG Wells, George Bernard Shaw.
Haka ne ilimi, kamar yadda babban kuɗin kamfanoni, ta hanyar "ƙungiyoyin agaji" kamar Carnegie da Rockefeller Foundations, sun shiga cikin "bincike" don inganta ka'idar. An gudanar da wannan binciken a Harvard, Yale, Princeton, Stanford, da Johns Hopkins, a tsakanin sauran manyan jami'o'i. An ƙirƙiri wata cibiya ta ƙasa, Cibiyar Cold Springs Harbor, musamman don haɓaka waɗannan yunƙurin, waɗanda ke da cikakken goyon bayan Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya ta ƙasa, Ƙungiyar Likitocin Amurka, da Majalisar Bincike ta ƙasa.
Wataƙila ka yi tsammani a yanzu cewa ka’idar da ake magana a kai ita ce eugenics, wadda ta nuna “rikici na tafkin da ke haifar da lalacewar ɗan adam.” Kamar yadda muka sani a yanzu - da kyau, watakila ba dukkanmu ba - eugenics ba su zama kimiyya ba, sai dai babban kimiyya. "Tarihinsa yana da ban tsoro sosai," in ji Crichton, "kuma ga waɗanda suka shiga ciki, abin kunya ne, da a yanzu ba a tattauna shi ba."
Tabbas, masu karatu na Brownstone ba shakka sun gane cewa wannan ka'ida mai banƙyama da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'idar har yanzu tana raye kuma tana bunƙasa a aƙalla wata cibiya ta Amurka. Daga cikin na farko kuma mafi yawan masu goyon bayanta akwai Margaret Sanger, wacce ta kafa Planned Parenthood musamman don aiwatar da manufar motsin eugenics. Ita, tare da sauran masu yin amfani da ilimin kimiyya, sun yi imanin cewa hanya daya tilo da za a ceci bil'adama ita ce kawar da shi daga "ciyawar ɗan adam," kamar yadda ta kira su, ciki har da nakasassu masu hankali da kuma Baƙar fata. A Planned Parenthood, wannan manufa ta ci gaba ba tare da tsayawa ba, duk da yunkurin da kungiyar ta yi na nesanta kanta daga wanda ya kafa ta.
Amma na digress. Yayin da muhimmin batu, wannan ba shine abin da wannan makala ta mayar da hankali ba ko na littafin Crichton.
Ma'anar Kasar Tsoro ya ta'allaka ne da motsin muhalli, musamman kamar yadda yake da alaƙa da "ɗumamar yanayi" ko "canjin yanayi" -kowane lakabin. na ranar. Ba zan iya ci gaba da lura ba. A gaskiya ina tsammanin ya dogara da yanayi: A lokacin rani, yana da "dumamawar duniya," yayin da yake tsakiyar lokacin sanyi, ko bin dusar ƙanƙara ta ƙarshen bazara, ko lokacin lokacin guguwa, yana da "canjin yanayi."
Duk da haka, littafin Crichton ba musamman anti-dumama bane. Maimakon haka, shine abin da za mu iya kira mai shakka, a ma'anar kimiyya mafi koshin lafiya na wannan kalmar. Abin da Crichton ya ki amincewa da shi, kamar yadda taken rubutun nasa ya nuna, shi ne yadda “kimiyya” da ke kewaye da dumamar yanayi ya zama siyasa sosai, kamar yadda “kimiyya” da ke kewaye da eugenics ya zama siyasa. Shi dai wannan yunkuri na yau, ya lura, yana bin tsarin tafiyar da aka yi a baya, da irin mutanen da ke bayansa, irin na gwamnatoci, da jami’o’i, da kamfanoni, irin makudan kudaden da suke tafiyar da shi.
Dalilin wannan duka, Crichton yayi jayayya ta hanyar wani hali a cikin littafin (amma yana ɗaya daga cikin mutanen kirki, don haka mun san yana magana Crichton), shine kiyaye yawan jama'a a cikin yanayin tsoro akai-akai, ta yadda za a iya sarrafa su cikin sauƙi. "Kowace ƙasa mai iko," in ji halin, dole ne "ta kasance mai iko kan halin 'yan ƙasa, don kiyaye su cikin tsari da kwanciyar hankali .... Kuma ba shakka mun san cewa kulawar zamantakewa ya fi dacewa ta hanyar tsoro." Eugenics ya yi aiki da wannan manufar a farkon 20th karni, kamar yadda "Red Scare" ya yi a tsakiyar tsakiyar wannan karni (wanda ya isa sosai, amma har yanzu yana da amfani) da dumamar yanayi a ƙarshen karni kuma zuwa cikin 21.st.
Tasirin wannan duba ga halin da muke ciki yana da zurfi. Babu shakka, ƙararrawar yanayi har yanzu tana nan kuma har yanzu tana aiki iri ɗaya, amma a cikin ƴan shekarun da suka gabata ta ɗauki kujerar baya zuwa wani matsi na kai tsaye da matsa lamba: cutar ta COVID-19. Wannan ba yana nufin cutar ba ce ta gaske ba - kodayake tabbas ba za mu taɓa sanin cikakkiyar gaskiyar ta ba - amma a ce gwamnatocin duniya ba shakka sun yi amfani da ita don ƙara sarrafa mu, kamar yadda Crichton ya annabta shekaru 19 da suka gabata.
A gaskiya, idan kun karanta Kasar Tsoro kuma musanya "coronavirus" don "ɗumamar duniya," za ku sami labari na yau da kullun - har zuwa yadda ake kula da masu shakka a cikin littafin. (Spoiler faɗakarwa: Big Enviro yayi ƙoƙari na farko don ɓata su sannan kuma a ƙarshe ya kawar da su, wanda zai iya sake kasancewa a saman saman, amma watakila ba. Lokaci zai fada.)
A ƙarshe, abin da Crichton ya jaddada shi ne mahimmancin ƙin yarda da kimiyyar siyasa da nacewa cewa gwamnatoci da masu bincike su bi ainihin kimiyyar zuwa ga ƙarshe na gaskiya, duk abin da ya kasance. Yin hakan ba zai amfanar da masu iko ba, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa suke adawa da ra'ayin, amma tabbas zai amfanar da sauran bil'adama.
Wani sigar farko na wannan yanki ya bayyana a ciki Masanin Amurka
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Rob Jenkins abokin farfesa ne na Ingilishi a Jami'ar Jihar Georgia - Kwalejin Perimeter da Babban Jami'in Ilimi a Canjin Harabar. Shi ne marubuci ko marubucin littattafai shida, gami da Tunani Mafi Kyau, Rubuta Mafi Kyawu, Barka da zuwa Ajina, da Nagarta 9 na Manyan Shugabanni. Baya ga Brownstone da Reform na Campus, ya rubuta wa Townhall, The Daily Wire, American Thinker, PJ Media, The James G. Martin Center for Academic Renewal, da The Chronicle of Higher Education. Ra'ayoyin da aka bayyana a nan nasa ne.
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