An fara gasar US Open ta 2021 a wannan makon kuma Novak Djokovic zai yi nasara a gasar Grand Slam (maza na farko a cikin sama da shekaru hamsin) kuma wanda ya fi kowane lokaci a gasar Grand Slam maza ta lashe gasar. A ce Djokovic ya yanke shawarar yin cin amanar dala miliyan 2.5 a kansa, jakar wanda ya yi nasara. Ya sabawa ka'ida, amma a cikin hasashe, kafin a fara gasar, shin akwai wani babban amincewa da abin da kuka yi imani da shi fiye da sanya dukiyar ku akan tebur?
Pete Rose ya yi hakan, yana yin fare akan Cincinnati Reds don ya ci wasanni. Ee, ya keta dokokin MLB, ya sami damar yin amfani da lafiyarsa da abokan hamayyarsa da kuzarinsa, kuma a, rashin da'a ne. Duk da haka, yin fare akan kanku shine babban nuni na amincewa.
An yi amfani da allurar rigakafin COVID-19 tsawon watanni tara. Moderna da Pfizer ne suka kera allurar mRNA guda biyu, sai Janssen (Johnson da Johnson) na tushen DNA. An wakilta mRNA's tun da wuri don gabatar da inganci kashi 95 cikin 2 na hana rashin lafiya mai tsanani, asibiti ko mutuwa. Alurar rigakafin Janssen ya fi al'ada a cikin fasahar sa, yana canza DNA na adenovirus tare da wasu ƙwayoyin SARS-CoV-66 don samar da martanin rigakafi. An wakilta rigakafin J&J don samar da inganci 19% akan matsakaici zuwa matsananciyar COVID-100 da XNUMX% akan mutuwa.
Tun daga Satumba 1, 2021, muna ganin raguwar inganci ga aƙalla allurar mRNA. A bayyane yake ba sa hana kamuwa da COVID-19; akwai cututtuka marasa iyaka. Hakanan a bayyane yake dangane da bayanai daga Isra'ila, Burtaniya har ma a cikin Amurka inda aka ba da rahoton cewa akwai mutane da ke fama da rashin lafiya kuma suna mutuwa daga COVID-19 da aka yi wa allurar (kadan da ba a yi musu allurar ba a wannan kwanan wata).
Alurar rigakafin ba su da inganci kashi 95 cikin 2021 a kan rashin lafiya mai tsanani, amma kuma ba sifili ba ne. Wannan ba hujjar rigakafin rigakafi ba ce; Na dauki harbin Janssen a watan Mayu 19. Ba na cikin aji mai hadarin gaske; Ina da bakin ciki kuma na dace ba tare da wani sharadi ba. Ni ma na haura hamsin, don haka za a iya samun madaidaicin ma'ana akan bayanin martaba na na yin alluran rigakafi da samun COVID-19. Yawancin abokaina sun sami COVID-19. Wanda ya yi rashin lafiya (kuma an kwantar da shi a asibiti) yana tura sittin da kiba. Na rasa memba guda daya ga COVID-2020 a wurin kulawa a Michigan a cikin Afrilu XNUMX.
Ayyukan COVID-19 a cikin Al'ummomin da aka yi musu Alurar riga kafi
Idan umarnin rigakafin ya kasance buƙatu na ma'ana, alluran yakamata su sami tallafin bayanan da ba za a iya warwarewa ba wanda ke hana kamuwa da cuta, yadawa, buƙatar sanya abin rufe fuska (wajibi sun dawo a wurare da yawa don allurar) - a takaice don yin abin da sauran allurar suka cimma. A ƙasa akwai ginshiƙi (wanda @ianmsc ya bayar) yana nuna yanayin San Francisco na waɗanda aka yi wa alurar riga kafi da kuma asibitocin COVID-19. San Francisco ɗaya ne daga cikin manyan al'ummomin da suka fi dacewa a cikin Amurka, suna bin ƙa'idodi kamar sanya abin rufe fuska, yin alluran rigakafi, nisantar da jama'a da sauran ragewa lokacin da ake buƙata ko shawarar su. Yayin da suke yin hakan, suna daidai da adadin marasa lafiya na COVID-19 da suke yi a shekara guda da ta gabata, wanda kusan kashi 90% na yawan jama'a sama da goma sha takwas aka yi wa rigakafin.
An kare Oregon da manyan asibitocin COVID-19 da mace-mace a cikin shekarar farko ta cutar. Yayin da suke aiwatar da tsauraran matakai tare da hana yara da yawa daga makaranta fiye da kowace jiha ban da Hawaii, Washington, da California, kuma suna da ɗayan mafi ƙarancin COVID-19 da tsayin daka na mutuwa a cikin ƙasar (Washington da Hawaii suma ba su da ƙasa a cikin waɗannan nau'ikan; California ta kasance jagora a duk abin da ya haifar da yawan mace-mace). Har yanzu, watanni hudu bayan rigakafin ya kai sama da kashi biyu bisa uku na yawan mutanensu sama da goma sha takwas, suna da asibitocin COVID-19 da yawa fiye da kowane lokaci.
Florida ta kasance abin da ya fi mayar da hankali ga yawancin kafofin watsa labarai a wannan bazara don haɓaka ayyukan COVID-19. Miami ita ce al'ummar da ta fi yawan jama'a a Florida, kuma ana kora mutane da yawa a gida a lokacin rani saboda zafi, kamar yawancin jihohin kudu. Tare da yawan allurar rigakafin ba'a a cikin waɗanda sama da goma sha takwas, sun ga lokuta kwatankwacin shekara guda da ta gabata. Asibitoci sun kasance ~ 20% ƙasa da shekara guda da ta gabata, wanda zai iya kwatanta haɗin maganin rigakafi da rigakafin kamuwa da cuta a wasa.
Laifukan a cikin Isra'ila mai yawan alurar riga kafi suna cikin bala'in annoba na kowane lokaci. Yanzu Isra'ila tana buƙatar harbin Pfizer na uku don cancanta a matsayin "cikakken alurar riga kafi." Babu wani gwaji na dogon lokaci ko bayanan nazarin da ke goyan bayan irin wannan hanya mai lafiya ko kuma zai yi tasiri. Da alama hotunan mRNA sun fi kama da harbin mura na shekara-shekara, inda adadin abin ya shafa watakila kashi 50% na daidaita nau'in kuma ƙasa da hana kamuwa da cuta. Na sami maganin mura daga 2016-2019 kuma na kamu da mura kowace shekara, mai yiwuwa saboda ina tafiya kusan dare ɗari a shekara a otal.
Mutuwar ba ta bin shari'ar da yanayin asibiti da suka yi shekara guda da ta gabata, ko kuma hunturun da ta gabata. Akwai wasu gyare-gyare, da haɗin rigakafi da aka dawo da su, alluran rigakafi da bambance-bambancen Delta wanda ke da ɗan ƙarancin kisa da alama shine bambanci. Wataƙila dukkanmu za mu yarda cewa allurar rigakafin suna rage haɗarin COVID-19 a cikin waɗanda ke cikin haɗari zuwa wani mataki. Bayanan sun nuna cewa ingancin maganin ba shine abin da muka fahimci alurar riga kafi ba - kariya mai amfani daga kamuwa da cuta da rashin lafiya. Shin hakan yana nufin cewa yakamata a buƙaci kowa ya sami allurar COVID-19?
Sankarau cuta ce mai saurin kisa wacce ta zama annoba a cikin 1870s kuma ta sake farfadowa har tsawon shekaru dari masu zuwa. A wani lokaci kuma a wurare daban-daban a duniya, ya kai kashi uku bisa uku na mace-mace a wasu sassan shekaru. Ya kasance mai kamuwa da cuta sosai ga matasa kuma musamman ma ga waɗanda suka kamu da cutar fiye da shekaru 45. Babu shakka wannan cuta ce mai iya aunawa kuma mai kisa ga yawancin shekaru, da kuma ga waɗanda ba su da wani yanayi.
Adadin mace-mace na kashin kaji (varicella) ya kai kusan sau goma ga yara masu shekaru 1-14 kuma sau talatin mafi girma ga yara masu shekaru 15-19 fiye da COVID-19. Lokacin da aka samar da alluran rigakafin kuma aka tura su ga waɗannan cututtukan guda biyu, da gaske sun ɓace, kuma waɗannan cututtukan sun “ci nasara.” Alurar riga kafi sun haifar da haifuwa, ko yaduwa, alhali ba mu ganin irin wannan danne haifuwa bayan allurar rigakafin COVID-19.
Mace-mace kan cutar covid-19
COVID-19 a hukumance ya yi asarar rayuka sama da 4,000 a cikin waɗanda ba su kai shekara talatin ba. Dangane da CDC da bayanai daga Burtaniya, a cikin kasashen biyu an gano mutuwar matasa a zahiri daga COVID-19 bai kai rabin adadin hukuma ba kamar yadda aka danganta ga COVID-19. Wannan yana kaiwa zuwa adadin masu kamuwa da cuta kusan sifili. Ee, akwai abubuwan da ba a sani ba, amma akwai abubuwa da yawa da suka fi cutar da matasa fiye da COVID-19, gami da mura, shiga mota, kisan kai ko wuce gona da iri.
Idan an tabbatar da yin alurar riga kafi don hana kamuwa da cuta yaɗuwa ga wasu gami da masu rauni, za ku iya yin shari'ar don a yi wa kowa allurar. Alurar riga kafi sun tabbatar da cewa ba su daina kamuwa da cuta ko yaduwa ba, kuma ba a sayar da su don yin hakan tun daga farko idan kuna bin hanyoyin sadarwa sosai. Tare da ƙarancin shekarun mutuwar COVID-19, yana tambayar dalilin da yasa dole ne a yiwa kowa da kowa alurar riga kafi don yin aiki a cikin al'umma.
Source: CDC, har zuwa Agusta 30, 2021
Umarnin rigakafi
Yawancin kamfanoni da cibiyoyin ilimi suna buƙatar rigakafi ga ma'aikatansu da ɗaliban su. Don ma'aikata su koma ofisoshinsu don yin aiki, waɗannan kamfanoni suna buƙatar a yiwa ma'aikata allurar, yanzu ko nan gaba: Citigroup, Deloitte, Equinox, Facebook, Goldman Sachs, Google, Microsoft, Morgan Stanley, Netflix, Washington Post da sauran su.
Aboki yana aiki don kamfanin masana'antu na Fortune 500 a Dallas. Kamfaninsa a shirye yake ya ba da sanarwar umarnin rigakafin ga duk ma'aikata. Babban jami'in ya ce a cikin wani taron cikin gida na cikin makon da ya gabata cewa yin allurar "mai hankali ne, kuma idan ba haka ba kuna shirye ku kashe yaran abokin aikinku." Wannan shi ne Shugaba wanda kuma yana kan hukumar wani kamfani na Fortune 500. Suna aiwatar da dokar rigakafin da ke aiki a watan Oktoba kuma idan ma'aikata ba su yi allurar ba, za a dakatar da su.
Bisa ga Tarihi na Babban Ilimi, 817 Cibiyoyin koleji suna da umarnin alluran rigakafi a wurin. Waɗannan sun haɗa da ɗaruruwan makarantu masu zaman kansu, da manyan cibiyoyi kamar Jami'ar Michigan, Duke, Jami'ar Indiana, Jami'ar Jihar Louisiana, MIT, yawancin makarantu a California, Jihar Ohio, Illinois da Jihar Michigan.
Yawancin makarantun da ke buƙatar a yi wa ɗalibai allurar ba sa buƙatar duk ma'aikata a yi musu allurar. Yana da ban sha'awa a cikin waɗancan lokuta cewa ana buƙatar ƙungiyar da ta fi dacewa da COVID-19 ya shafa don a yi musu rigakafin, amma ƙungiyar da ta fi shafa ba ta kasance ba. Wataƙila saboda suna iya jagorantar abokan cinikin su fiye da ma'aikatan su, dangantaka mai ban sha'awa.
Na je Jami'ar Jihar Michigan kuma na bi abin da ke faruwa a can sau da yawa. Jihar Michigan tana zaune kusa da babban birnin jihar, gida ga tsofaffin tsofaffin gwamnoni Gretchen Whitmer, wanda ya kafa dokar rufe fuska ga yara masu shekaru biyu da sama a cikin Maris 2021, oda tun lokacin da aka soke lokacin da jihar ta rage ikonta na gaggawa. Vinay Prasad Har ila yau, ya kammala karatun digiri ne na Jihar Michigan kuma yana daya daga cikin masu hankali, masu fafutuka, kwararrun likitocin siyasa da ke magana game da rashin daidaiton martanin da gwamnatoci da masana kiwon lafiya suka dauka a duk lokacin barkewar cutar.
Wani ma'aikacin Jami'ar Jihar Michigan ya shigar da karar kara adawa da jami'a kan wa'adin rigakafin. Ta sami COVID-19 kuma tana da gwaji da ƙwayoyin rigakafi don tabbatar da shi. Duk da haka, ana bukatar a yi mata allurar. Babu kimiyya ko bayanai da za su goyi bayan buƙatar wanda ya kamu da cutar a baya don a yi masa allurar. A gaskiya ma, akwai bincike da yawa da kuma bayanan da ke nuna cewa rigakafin da aka dawo da shi ya ninka sau da yawa fiye da rigakafin rigakafi, wasu daga cikinsu an bayyana su. nan.
Tambayar ita ce - ya kamata a ba da umarnin alluran rigakafi kowa da kowa lokacin da:
- Ba sa tabbatar da dakatar da yaduwar SARS-CoV-2.
- Ba sa samar da rigakafin alamun kamar yadda aka wakilta (ko da yake kuma, akwai fa'ida ga waɗanda ke cikin haɗari).
- Hadarin kisa na COVID-19 ga matasa masu lafiya sun fi mutum ɗaya cikin miliyan guda. Alurar riga kafi na iya samun babban tasiri ga samari masu lafiya, amma kasancewar matasa da lafiyayyen amfanin ƙasa kusan kashi 99.9986% na nasara akan rashin lafiya mai tsanani ko mutuwa ba tare da allurar rigakafi ba (wannan ba ƙari ba ne). Don mahallin, idan wannan ya kasance 95%, zai zama bala'i.
- Alurar rigakafin suna da illa a cikin mutane masu lafiya ba cikin haɗarin gargajiya na COVID-19 ba. Yawancin matasa masu lafiya sun kamu da rashin lafiya daga alluran rigakafin fiye da na COVID-19, cewa bayanan ba su da tushe a bangarorin biyu amma yana yiwuwa (bayani) 1, 2 da kuma 3). Matashi na myocarditis ya haura 3,000% biyo bayan allurar COVID-19. A'a, alluran ba su fi COVID-19 haɗari ba ga jama'a gabaɗaya, amma suna haifar da munanan halayen fiye da kowane allurar rigakafin shekaru da yawa. Wataƙila suna da haɗari fiye da samun COVID-19 ga mutanen da ba a san suna cikin haɗari ba, musamman matasa da lafiya.
- Rigakafin da ke biye da kamuwa da cuta ta SARS-CoV-2 yana tabbatar da zama mai dorewa fiye da rigakafi biyo bayan rigakafin.
Idan mutum ya gaskanta da allurar, kuma an yi musu alurar riga kafi, me yasa suke damuwa cewa abokin aiki, maƙwabci, yaro ko malami ba? Ɗaya daga cikin ci gaba da kasawa ga CDC kuma ƙwararrun masana kiwon lafiya sun nuna ainihin wanda ke cikin haɗarin haɗari daga COVID-19. Ban da kasancewa sama da 65, kasancewa mai kiba da samun mummunan halayen COVID-19 yana da alaƙa sosai. Wannan sakon yakamata ya zama wani bangare na kowane sabuntawa na CDC COVID-19 kuma an jaddada shi a cikin kowane watsa labarai. Ba haka bane, kuma kawai a cikin da'ira na, sanin haɗarin kiba ya ragu sosai.
Masana sun san Kasuwancin su
Masu ƙirƙira da masu ƙirƙira da mafi yawan ma'aikata sun san kasuwancin kamfanin su fiye da kowa. Mutane da yawa na iya sanin kadan game da motocin Tesla, amma yana da wuya kowa ya sani fiye da injiniyoyin ƙirar Tesla. Injiniyoyin Apple sun fahimci fasahar wayoyinsu fiye da mutanen da ke amfani da ita. Tiger Woods ya fahimci cin wasan golf fiye da mutanen da ke kallon ta a ranar Lahadi. Masana kimiyya a McCormick's sun fahimci dandanon abinci a wani matakin daban wanda waɗanda ke cinye shi.
Pfizer baya ba da umarnin a yiwa ma'aikatansu allurar. Wannan faɗuwar za su buƙaci gwajin mako-mako na kowane ma'aikacin da ba a yi masa allurar rigakafi ba, aƙalla abin da ya yi kama yanzu. Moderna yana shirin faɗuwar umarnin rigakafin ga duk ma'aikata, kamar yadda Janssen yake. Idan aka yi la'akari da waɗanda aka yi wa allurar za su iya samun COVID-19 a kai a kai a kai a kai (kawai a cikin da'ira na, na san sama da mutane dozin da aka yi wa alurar riga kafi waɗanda suka sami COVID-19 a cikin makonni uku da suka gabata, a Texas), menene ƙarshen wasan?
Yawan allurar rigakafi a cikin tsofaffi yana da yawa a kowace jiha; ba lallai ba ne a cikin masu kiba. Wasu mutanen da na san suna aiki a biyu daga cikin kamfanonin harhada magunguna (an yi musu allurar rigakafi ko kuma an dawo dasu daga COVID-19) suna da shakku game da umarnin za su yi aiki, tare da waɗancan ma'aikatan kamfanin da ke samar da allurar kasancewar ƙwararru ne kan haɗarin COVID-19 da haɗarin / fa'idodin allurar.
Mutanen a Pfizer, Moderna, Janssen har ma da ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya na gaba sun fahimci kimiyya da bayanan da ke bayan allurar fiye da kowa. Idan ko da yawa ’yan tsiraru daga cikin waɗannan mutane sun ƙi ko kuma sun ƙi yin allurar, ya kamata ya gaya mana duka wani abu. COVID-19 ba cuta ce mai girman-daya-daidai ba kuma bai kamata a kula da ita haka ba.
Wannan ya dawo da mu zuwa Novak Djokovic da US Open. Idan Novak ya sami damar yin fare da kansa don lashe gasar US Open (yana zaton yana da lafiya), tabbas zai sanya dala miliyan 100 a gasar zakarun, koda kuwa ya ba da ita duka ga sadaka. Shin ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya da ma'aikata a Pfizer, Moderna da Janssen za su yi fare kan allurar? Bari mu sanya alamar shafi wannan shafi mu ga abin da ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya da waɗanda ke aiki a Moderna da Janssen suke yi a cikin watanni shida masu zuwa.
Mai yiyuwa ne dokar rigakafin ga ma'aikatan asibiti, ga malamai, ga miliyoyin ma'aikatan kamfanoni da masu yin alluran rigakafin a cikin wannan wasan na kaza.
