A ranar Lahadi, 17 ga Disamba, Dr. Jay Bhattacharya na Stanford, zai muhawara Dokta Kate Klonick, mataimakiyar farfesa a fannin shari'a a Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar St. John, kan ko hukuncin da Alkali Terry Doughty ya bayar a ranar 4 ga watan Yuli da ya hana gwamnatin Biden sadarwa tare da dandalin sada zumunta ya hana ko taimakawa "manufofin intanet na kasa."
Maudu'in yana nufin hukuncin kotun tarayya mai shafi 155 a Missouri da Biden, wanda ya umurci gwamnatin tarayya da ta dakatar da kokarin da take yi na janyo Big Tech ta yiwa abokan hamayyar ta siyasa zagon kasa. Mai shari'a Doughty ya rubuta cewa idan zargin da masu gabatar da kara suka yi gaskiya ne, shari'ar "tabbas ta kunshi hari mafi girma kan 'yancin fadin albarkacin baki a tarihin Amurka."
Dr. Bhattacharya mai shigar da kara ne a cikin karar, wanda ya yi zargin cewa shi da abokan aikinsa "sun dandana kutse a shafukan sada zumunta" saboda sukar da suka yi na manufofin gwamnatin Amurka na Covid. A cikin takardar shaidarsa, Dr. Bhattacharya ya shaida cewa an yi “kamfen ɗin ɓoye ba tare da ɓata lokaci ba na tozarta kafofin watsa labarun kan ra’ayinmu na rashin amincewa daga saƙon da gwamnati ta fi so.”
Dokta Klonick ta yi hasashen goyan bayanta ga ikon Gwamnati na yin aiki tare da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu don sarrafa kwararar bayanai a cikin op-ed na Yuli. New York Times, "Makomar magana ta kan layi bai kamata ta kasance ta Alkalin da Trump ya nada a Louisiana ba."
Labarin Klonick ya haifar da tambayoyi na gaskiya da nazari wanda Bhattacharya ya kamata ya yi a muhawararsu.
Shin Makomar Maganar Yanar Gizo ta Kowa ce?
Kanun labarai na Klonick ya yi hannun riga da manufar free magana. Karkashin Gyaran Farko, magana baya kasance ga kowane mutum ko mahaluki. Future magana tana samun ƙarin kariya a ƙarƙashin ƙa'idar Kotun Koli don rage kamun kai.
Lahadi mai zuwa, Dr. Bhattacharya ya kamata ya tambayi Klonick: Wanene ya kamata "magana" ya kasance? Wannan ba batun magana ba ne ko magana; wadanda ke da iko kan bayanai suna kare bukatun kansu. Wani bincike da aka yi kan tsarin samar da wutar lantarki a Amurka ya nuna irin cin hanci da rashawa da wutar lantarki ke haifarwa.
Ya kamata makomar magana na CISA? Ma'aikatar Tsaron Cikin Gida sashi sanya ido kan magana a cikin zaben 2020 ta hanyar "canzawa", tsarin da ya nuna alamun cirewa daga dandalin sada zumunta.
Jami'an Tsaron Amurka sun tantance bayanan da suka shafi rigakafi na halitta, kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka ta Hunter Biden, ka'idar leak, da illolin maganin, yawancinsu daga baya sun tabbata. A kowane hali, murkushe bayanan sun amfana da manyan cibiyoyi na kasar.
Ko ya kamata ya kasance na Gwamnatin Biden? Kowace rana, Fadar White House tana kashe Julian Assange a hankali a kurkukun Belmarsh. Shugaban kasar bai zargi mawallafin Wikileaks da karya ba; a maimakon haka, Assange ya shafe sama da shekaru goma a tsare saboda tarwatsa labarin da aka fi so na ajin siyasar Amurka.
Shin ya kamata magana ta kasance ta ma'aikatan da ba a zaba ba? Biden cronies kamar Rob Flaherty da Andy Slavitt sun yi aiki na tsawon shekaru don sarrafa damar Amirkawa na samun bayanai, ciki har da yin katsalandan "bayanai mara kyau," ma'ana "sau da yawa bayanan gaskiya" da suke la'akari da "na hankali."
Shin a maimakon haka ya zama na jami'an kiwon lafiya kamar Dr. Anthony Fauci? Fauci ya sami labarin cewa yana da hannu a cikin bayar da tallafin Cibiyar Nazarin Virology ta Wuhan a ranar 27 ga Janairu, 2020, kuma ya shirya shi. yakin neman zabe don kare kansa daga suka da kuma yuwuwar alhakin shari'a. Ya yi kira da a yi "sauri da ɓarna… a saukar da (sic)" na Babban Sanarwar Barrington, wanda Dr. Bhattacharya ya rubuta tare, saboda ya tuhumi hukuncin da ya yanke game da kulle-kulle.
Kwaskwarimarmu ta Farko ta bukaci Majalisa kada ta yi wata doka da za ta ba da ‘yancin fadin albarkacin baki ko na ‘yan jarida. Zargin karya ba zai kawar da wannan ka'ida ba. Kamar yadda Kotun Koli ta amince a Amurka v. Alvarez: "Wasu maganganun karya ba makawa ne idan za a iya bayyana ra'ayi a bayyane da karfi a cikin tattaunawa na jama'a da na sirri."
free ana yin magana ne akan ra'ayin cewa ba na wani mutum ne ko gwamnati ba. Duk matsayin Klonick ya dogara ne akan adawarta da waccan ginshikin 'yanci na tsarin mulki.
Abubuwan da ke cikin Hujjar Klonick
Bayan taken, kowane fanni na hujjar Dr. Klonick ya dogara ne akan karya. Da farko, ta bayyana lamarin a matsayin "bangare na masu ra'ayin mazan jiya na yaki da suka yi imanin cewa suna fafatawa, wanda shugabannin fasaha da jami'an gwamnatin Demokaradiyya ke yin hadin gwiwa don tantance muryoyin masu ra'ayin mazan jiya."
Kamar Farfesa Larry Tribe, masu tace bayanai suna amfani da kalmomi kamar Yi imani da kuma zato don nuna ba ya wanzuwa. Suna kiranta da "ka'idar makircin da ba ta dace ba" yayin da suke yin watsi da bayanan da aka rubuta. Alex Berenson, Jay Bhattacharya, da Babban Sanarwa na Barrington, Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., da sauransu.
Klonick bai taba ambaton cewa Facebook ya haramtawa masu amfani da su inganta hasashe na leak ba bisa ga umarnin. CDC, cewa Hukumar Biden kaddamar yaƙin neman zaɓe don nuna rashin amincewa da alluran rigakafi a cikin Yuli 2021, ko kuma Fayilolin Twitter sun nuna kutsawa cikin Tsaron Amurka a Big Tech. Amincewa da waɗannan abubuwan zai warware batunta.
Na biyu, Klonick ya bayar da hujjar cewa umarnin ya kasance "a fili" saboda "da alama ya hana kowa a cikin gwamnatin Biden yin kowane irin sadarwa tare da dandamali na kan layi game da batutuwan da suka shafi magana."
Anan, ko dai ba ta karanta umarnin ba ko kuma da gangan ta bata labarin. Umurnin ba ya "hana kowa" a cikin gwamnati sadarwa tare da dandamali na kan layi "game da batutuwan da suka shafi magana," kamar yadda ta yi ikirari; akasin haka, umarnin ya ba wa waɗanda ake tuhuma damar yin sadarwa tare da kamfanonin sadarwar zamantakewa muddin ba ta saba wa "'yancin yin magana [kare] ta Maganar Magana 'Yanci a cikin Gyaran Farko."
Na uku, ta bayyana buƙatun da Gwamnatin Biden ta yi wa ’yan social media don cire abun ciki a matsayin "misalan abin da masana kimiyyar siyasa ke kira jawboning: amfanin gwamnati na roƙon jama'a ko tashoshi masu zaman kansu don haifar da canji ko bin doka daga kasuwanci."
Wannan ya yi watsi da tsakanin hukumomi da yanayin tsarin abin da Michael Shellenberger ya kira "Complex Industrial Complex." Rahotanni na baya-bayan nan sun yi saukar rawar da 'yan kwangilar soja ke takawa wajen kafa tsarin sa ido a duniya da kuma shigar da Al'umma kai tsaye cikin ayyukan cibiyoyin bayanan mu.
Bukatun “daidaita abun ciki” ba buƙatun ba ne kawai waɗanda za a iya karɓa ko ƙi su cikin yanci. Kamar yadda Brownstone ya yi dalla-dalla, sun kasance mafia-kamar dabarun da jami’an ‘yan daba suka yi amfani da barazanar daukar fansa don neman a bi su.
Klonick ya misalta dabarun masu tantaunawa akai-akai: ƙaryata, karkata, da kuma kare. Hankalin ƙararta suna cin karo da juna. Ta kare dabarun tantancewa da ta yi kamar babu su. Bugu da ari, ko dai ta ci gaba da makanta da gangan ga cin hanci da rashawa da ke tattare da cin zarafin 'yancin yin kwaskwarimar Farko ko kuma da gangan ta bar duk wani ambatonsa.
Koma dai niyyarta ko rashin fahimtarta, burinta bai dace ba.
Maganar Zalunci
Masu fafutuka masu fafutuka kamar Klonick da The New York Times yana nuna cewa intanet yana gabatar da ƙalubale na musamman waɗanda ke buƙatar gwamnati "Tsarin rashin fahimta." Amma "bayanai" ya daɗe yana zama hujja ga azzalumai don kore maganganun da ba a so.
A shekara ta 1919, Kotun Koli ta amince da hukuncin da gwamnatin Wilson ta yanke na 'yan jarida, baƙi, da dan takarar shugaban kasa Eugene Debs saboda adawa da Babban War. Charles Schenck, ɗan ƙasida, ya yi jayayya cewa daftarin soja ya saba wa Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Amurka. Debs ya gaya wa mabiyansa, "Kuna bukatar ku sani cewa kun dace da wani abu mafi kyau fiye da bautar da kayan abinci."
Mai shari’a Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. ya tabbatar da hukuncin dauri a gidan yari, yana mai yin kaurin suna a yanzu cewa Kwaskwarimar Farko ba ta kare “ƙarar ihun wuta a wani gidan wasan kwaikwayo mai cunkoso ba.”
Misalin Holmes ya kasance mafari ga disinformation. Ta yi watsi da ’yan adawar a matsayin makaryata tare da zarge su da jefa na kusa da su cikin hadari. A cikin zamanin Covid, mun ga yanayin ƙazamin ƙa'idar Holmes ta glib ta dawo filin taron yayin da ake zargin maza kamar Dr. Bhattacharya da kashe kakanni, ƙin malamai, da yada farfagandar Rasha.
Karni daya bayan da aka yi ta cece-ku-ce na Babban Yakin, Dokta Klonick ya tabbatar da cewa ya kamata a ce makomar magana ta kasance. wani, ba alkalan da Trump ya nada ba. Amma tarihi, ta hanyar alkaluma irin su Holmes, ya gargaɗe mu game da zaluncin da ke cikin wannan ƙa'idar.
Kamar yadda wani Sanatan Irish kwanan nan nuna, masu yin tambari suna ba da hujjar kama-karyar su da sunan “mai kyau gama gari.” Suna tafiya ƙarƙashin tutoci marasa lahani kamar jama'a kiwon lafiya, adawa da wariyar launin fata, Da kuma al'ada.
Amma sakamakon ko da yaushe yana biyan bukatun masu yin sharhi, yana hana ƙin yarda don ƙara ƙarfi.
Umarnin na alkali Doughty na iya samun kurakurai, amma kan tambayar ko yana ci gaba ko kuma yana hana ‘yancin fadin albarkacin baki a Amurka, amsar ba za ta musanta ba. Missouri da Biden gwaji ne ga Amurkawa. Ko dai Gwamnati na da hakkin ta tantance labaran ‘yan kasa ta hanyar yin amfani da karfin gwamnatin tarayya wajen mayar da cibiyoyin sadarwar mu kasa, ko kuma mu rungumi gyare-gyaren farko da kuma kawar da kanmu daga tsarin yakin neman zabe wanda ya mamaye tafsirin mu sama da shekaru uku. Dole ne Dokta Klonick ya amsa, wanda za ta nada don sarrafa makomar jawabinmu, don sanin ko da gaske akwai. wuta a gidan wasan kwaikwayo?
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Labarai daga Cibiyar Brownstone, ƙungiyar sa-kai da aka kafa a watan Mayu na 2021 don tallafawa al'umma da ke rage rawar tashin hankali a rayuwar jama'a.
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