Donald Henderson, wanda ya mutu a shekara ta 2016, ya kasance kato a fagen ilimin cututtuka da lafiyar jama'a. Hakanan mutum ne wanda gargaɗinsa na annabci daga 2006 muka zaɓi mu yi watsi da shi a cikin Maris na 2020.
Dokta Henderson ya jagoranci wani ƙoƙari na shekaru goma na duniya daga 1967-1977 wanda ya yi nasarar kawar da ƙwayar cuta. Bayan wannan, ya yi aiki a matsayin Dean na Makarantar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a ta Johns Hopkins daga 1977 zuwa 1990. A ƙarshen aikinsa, Henderson ya yi aiki a kan shirye-shiryen ƙasa don shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiyar jama'a da martani bayan hare-haren halittu da bala'o'i na ƙasa.
A cikin 2006, Henderson da abokan aikinsa a Cibiyar Tsaro ta Lafiya ta Jami'ar Pittsburgh, inda Henderson kuma ya ci gaba da alƙawarin ilimi, ya buga wata takarda mai mahimmanci (wanda aka saka a ƙasa) tare da taken anodyne, "Ma'auni na Rage Cututtuka a cikin Kula da Cutar Cutar Cutar," a cikin mujallar. Tsarin Halittu da Ta'addanci: Dabarun Kare Halittu, Aiki, da Kimiyya.
Wannan takarda ta yi bitar abin da aka sani game da tasiri da yuwuwar yuwuwar ayyuka da yawa waɗanda za a iya ɗauka a yunƙurin rage adadin lokuta da mace-mace sakamakon kamuwa da cutar ta numfashi. Wannan ya haɗa da sake duba matakan tsaro na rayuwa, wanda daga baya aka yi amfani da shi a karon farko yayin cutar, kamar "babban sikeli ko keɓancewar gida na mutanen da aka yi imanin an fallasa su, ƙuntatawa tafiye-tafiye, hana taron jama'a, rufe makarantu, kiyaye nesa, da kuma amfani da abin rufe fuska".
Ko da ɗaukan adadin mace-macen (CFR) na 2.5%, kusan daidai yake da mura na 1918 na Sipaniya amma ya fi na CFR na covid, Henderson da abokan aikinsa sun yanke shawarar cewa waɗannan matakan rage girman za su yi illa fiye da mai kyau.
Sun gano dabarar da ta fi dacewa ita ce keɓance mutane masu alama (amma ba waɗanda kawai aka fallasa su ba) a gida ko a asibiti, dabarun da ta daɗe tana cikin lafiyar jama'a. Sun kuma yi gargadi game da dogaro da ƙirar kwamfuta don yin hasashen illolin sabbin abubuwa, suna mai gargaɗin cewa, "Babu wani samfuri, ko ta yaya daidaiton hasashen cutar ta, da zai iya haskaka ko hasashen illar sakandare da sakandare na takamaiman matakan rage cututtuka." Bugu da ƙari, "Idan aka yi amfani da takamaiman matakai na makonni ko watanni da yawa, dogon lokaci ko tara tasirin sakamako na biyu da na uku na iya yin illa ga zamantakewa da tattalin arziki."
Game da keɓancewar tilastawa na yawan jama'a, marubutan sun lura, "Babu wani abin lura na tarihi ko nazarin kimiyya da ke tallafawa keɓancewa ta hanyar keɓe ƙungiyoyin masu kamuwa da cuta," kuma sun kammala, "Sakamakon babban keɓancewar keɓe yana da matuƙar girma (tilastawa marasa lafiya da rijiya; cikakken ƙuntatawa na matsananciyar motsi na magunguna, da abinci mai yawa; yankin keɓewa) cewa ya kamata a kawar da wannan matakin ragewa daga la'akari sosai."
Hakanan, sun gano, "Hanyoyin tafiye-tafiye, kamar rufe filayen jirgin sama da duba matafiya a kan iyakoki, a tarihi ba su da tasiri." Sun yi jayayya cewa nisantar da jama'a shima ba shi da amfani kuma ba shi da tasiri.
Marubutan sun lura cewa a lokacin cututtukan mura na baya, an soke manyan al'amuran jama'a lokaci-lokaci; duk da haka, ba su sami wata shaida ba "cewa waɗannan ayyukan sun yi tasiri sosai kan tsanani ko tsawon lokacin annoba," kuma sun yi jayayya cewa "rufe gidajen sinima, gidajen cin abinci, kantuna, manyan kantuna, da mashaya… zai haifar da mummunan sakamako." Binciken ya gabatar da kwararan shaidu cewa rufe makarantu ba zai yi tasiri ba kuma yana da illa sosai. Hakanan ba su sami wata shaida ba game da amfanin abin rufe fuska a wajen saitin asibiti.
Henderson da takwarorinsa sun kammala nazarinsu tare da wannan babbar ka'ida ta kyakkyawar lafiyar jama'a: "Kwarewa ta nuna cewa al'ummomin da ke fuskantar annoba ko wasu munanan al'amura sun fi mayar da martani mafi kyau kuma tare da ƙaramin damuwa lokacin da aikin zamantakewa na al'umma ya ragu."
Ba sai a ce ba, ba mu bi kowace irin wannan shawarar ba a cikin Maris na 2020. A maimakon haka mun ci gaba da kulle-kulle, abin rufe fuska, nisantar da jama'a, da sauran su. Lokacin da muka fuskanci cutar ta covid, mun ƙi ƙa'idodin kiwon lafiyar jama'a da aka gwada lokaci kuma muka rungumi a maimakon tsarin kare lafiyar halittu wanda ba a gwada shi ba. Yanzu muna rayuwa a sakamakon wannan zabin.
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Aaron Kheriaty, Babban mashawarcin Cibiyar Brownstone, masani ne a Cibiyar Da'a da Harkokin Jama'a, DC. Shi tsohon farfesa ne na ilimin hauka a Jami'ar California a Makarantar Magunguna ta Irvine, inda ya kasance darektan da'a na likitanci.
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