A ranar 23 ga Janairu, 2020, ranar da hukumomin kasar Sin suka aika da sakonsu na ban mamaki ga duniya ta hanyar sanyawa duniya. birnin Wuhan da ke tsakiyar kasar Sin yana cikin kulle-kulle, Kamfanin Biotech Moderna ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar bayar da kudade dala miliyan 1 da Ƙungiyar Haɗin kai don Ƙirƙirar Shirye-shiryen Cutar (CEPI) don isar da maganin da zai shiga gwajin asibiti cikin makonni 16.
An gudanar da gagarumin yunƙuri a Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) don ayyana SARS-CoV-2 a matsayin gaggawar lafiyar jama'a ta damuwa ta duniya (PHEIC) a daidai lokacin da ake tunkarar wannan sanarwar rigakafin ta Covid-19. Amma kwamitin gaggawa na WHO, wanda Darakta Janar Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus ya kira a ranar 22 ga Janairu, ya ki ba da hadin kai.
Dakatar da kwamitin na WHO ya gabatar da matsala ga babban jami'in zartarwa na CEPI Dr Richard Hatchett, wanda ya kasance a taron tattalin arzikin duniya (WEF) a Davos a tsakiyar tattaunawa da Moderna. Alurar riga kafi, wacce mallakin Cibiyar Kula da Allergy da Cututtuka ta Amurka (NIAID), an tsara ta ne a ranar 13 ga Janairu, ranar da hukumomin kasar Sin suka ba da sanarwar mutuwar farko daga cutar huhu a Wuhan.
A cikin Burtaniya, a cikin layi daya da kokarin shawo kan WHO ta ayyana PHEIC, taron da gwamnati ta amince da shi 'Taron Sage kan Wuhan Coronavirus' ya gudana a wannan rana, 22 ga Janairu, gabanin taron Cobra na farko na coronavirus wanda aka shirya gudanarwa ranar 24 ga Janairu. Sir Patrick Vallance, Babban Jami'in Kimiyya, Babban Jami'in Kimiyya, Babban Jami'in Kiwon Lafiya, Babban Jami'in Lafiya, Sir Chris Vallance ne ya jagoranci taron. Hakanan wanda ya halarci ta wayar tarho daga Davos shine Dr Jeremy Farrar, Daraktan Wellcome Trust kuma wanda ya kafa CEPI.
The mintuna na wancan taron Sage An ba da sanarwar jama'a ne kawai bayan buƙatar bayyanawa da ƙungiyar lauyoyi ke ƙalubalantar ta hanyar nazarin shari'a da halaccin kullewar Burtaniya. Gwamnatin Johnson ta sanya kasar a karkashinta kama gidan a ranar 23 ga Maris, 2020 biyo bayan yakin neman zabe da aka ba mai ba shi shawara na musamman Dominic Cummings, wanda a karshe ya ba da shawarar a kulle.
Babu wata magana game da kullewar Wuhan a cikin mintuna na Sage, wanda ke nuni da cewa taron ya gudana ne kafin tabarbarewar al'amura a kasar Sin da yammacin ranar 22 ga Janairu, lokacin da hukumomi suka ba da sanarwar sanya shi daga tsakar dare.
Sage ta sharuddan tunani bayyana cewa Cobra ne ke kunna shi don ba da shawarwarin fasaha ga gwamnati don tallafawa matakan gaggawa na Mataki na 2 (mai tsanani) da matakin 3 (masu bala'i). Amma duk da haka wannan taron na farko ya faru ne a lokacin da ba a sami wani gaggawa a hukumance ba. Lokacin sa yana buƙatar amsoshin tambayoyi biyu. Wanene ya fara kunna Sage? Kuma an shirya shi ne da tsammanin za a bayyana PHEIC da WHO za ta yi a ranar? Abu na uku na sha'awar jama'a shine menene hulɗar da ke tsakanin Farrar da Whitty ko Vallance kafin taron SAGE?
Rishi Sunak, tsohon Chancellor na Exchequer, ya shaida wa Spectator A makon da ya gabata an bai wa masana kimiyyar Sage iko da yawa don yanke shawarar ko kasar za ta kulle ko a'a, suna ba da shaida cewa mintuna na tarurrukan Sage an yi gyara a cikin shirin kulle-kulle don murkushe sabanin ra'ayi.
Mintunan taron na farko ba su ambaci kulle-kulle ba amma suna ba da shawarar Babban Jami'in Lafiya, Whitty, ya tuntubi masana kimiyyar dabi'a game da daidaiton shirin keɓewar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a na Ingila game da lamuran da ake zargi da abokan hulɗarsu, da kuma neman shawara kan yadda ake sadarwa rashin tabbas. Bugu da kari an cire sunayen masu sa ido hudu daga cikin mintoci na Sage na taron na ranar 22 ga watan Janairu, wanda aka yi wa kwaskwarima a ranar 23 ga Janairu. An cire sunayen gaba daya daga cikin karin bayani wanda ya hada da wata sanarwa da ke cewa 'Masu sa ido da kuma jami'an gwamnati ba a rubuta su akai-akai don haka wannan ba zai zama cikakken jerin sunayen ba.'
Idan babu PHEIC, kullewar Wuhan a ranar 23 ga Janairu ya samar da taron da CEPI ke matukar bukata don inganta sanarwar rigakafinta. Wataƙila wani tsohon abokin Sir Jeremy Farrar, Dokta George Gao ya ba da shawarar ga gwamnatin China?
Richard Hatchett na CEPI ya shaida wa taron manema labarai na Davos cewa, sun yi tuntubar da su, yana mai cewa, Dr George Gao, darektan cibiyar CDC ta kasar Sin [Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka] a yanzu ya kasance a kwamitin ba da shawarar kimiyya na CEPI. Mun cimma matsaya kuma muna tattaunawa amma tattaunawar ba ta kai matsayin da na sanar a yau ba.'
Ba tare da PHEIC ba, shirin CEPI na matsar da allurar Moderna kai tsaye zuwa gwajin ɗan adam na Mataki na 1 yana cikin haɗari ta fuskoki biyu. A cikin littafinsa karu Farrar ya yi bayanin, "idan babbar hukumar lafiya ta duniya ba ta dauki barkewar wani lamari na gaggawa na duniya ba, duniya na son kafa kafadu. Sanarwa tana motsa al'amura, buɗe kuɗi, haɓaka shugabannin - a ƙarshe yana ceton rayuka'.
Wani darasin da aka koya daga 2014 Ebola PHEIC da aka ambata a cikin shirin kasuwanci na farko na CEPI na 2016 shi ne cewa da a iya fara gwajin rigakafin cutar Ebola da wuri da a ce WHO ta bayyana watanni shida da suka gabata.
Farrar ya ba da nasa gudunmawa ga ƙoƙarin tabbatar da sanarwar PHEIC. Karshen karshen mako kafin Davos, a cikin keta ka'idojin da wani mai bitar takwarorinsu ya yi, an sanar da shi game da wata takarda da aka mika wa. The Lancet Masu bincike daga Jami'ar Hong Kong sun ba da shawarar cewa sabuwar kwayar cutar za ta iya yaduwa tsakanin mutane da kuma da'awar shaidar watsa asymptomatic.
Takardar ta shafi SARS-CoV-2 da aka gano a cikin dangi shida da suka ziyarci Wuhan a farkon Janairu. Wani dan uwa ya kamu da cutar a lokacin da suka dawo gida kuma wani yaro dan shekara goma da ya gwada ingancin kwayar cutar ba shi da alamun cutar. Ana iya fassara wannan shari'ar ta ƙarshe a matsayin shaidar rigakafin cutar, amma ba haka ba.
A Davos, Farrar ya ce mutanen da ba su da alamun cutar da suka kamu da kwayar cutar na iya yada ta kafin su san ba su da lafiya. Wasu masana kimiyya sun yi imanin cewa wannan hasashe ne da kadan ko babu tushe. Daga baya Farrar ya fadawa majalisar dokokin Burtaniya cewa mutane ba shi da rigakafi ga SARS-CoV-2. (A cikin Maris 2020, CEPI Jami'ar Hong Kong ta ba da kyautar $ 600,000 don samar da rigakafin Covid-19.)
Farrar ya ba da bayanin game da binciken Hong Kong ga WHO gabanin sauraron Kwamitin Gaggawa na Janairu 22. Kamar yadda aka ambata a cikin littafinsa, sai ya yi karfi da makamai The Lancet cikin sakin takarda da wuri.
Amma kodayake a ƙarshe WHO ta ayyana PHEIC a ranar 31 ga Janairu, da alama ba ta taimaka wa CEPI ta tara kuɗi don shirinta na rigakafin Covid ba. Gudunmawar gwamnati ta ruguje, maimakon gushewa.A ranar 6 ga Maris, 2020, a bayan sanarwar gwamnatin Burtaniya cewa tana ba da gudummawar fam miliyan 20 ga shirin rigakafin COVID-19 na CEPI, CEPI ta ba da sanarwar. kiran taimakon gaggawa na gaggawa, wanda ya kafa manufa ta dala biliyan 2.
Shugaban CEPI, Dr Hatchett, ya riga ya tsara rigakafin a matsayin hanya daya tilo don fita daga kulle-kullen. Ya ce: "A bayyane yake cewa matakan dakile yaduwar cutar ta Covid-19 na iya rage yaduwar ta ne kawai kuma kwayar cutar ta shiga wani mataki na barazanar da ba a taba ganin irinta ba dangane da tasirinta a duniya. Duk da yake muna matukar goyon bayan matakan kiwon lafiyar jama'a da gwamnatoci ke aiwatarwa don kare al'ummarsu, yana da mahimmanci mu kuma sanya hannun jari a cikin samar da rigakafin da zai hana mutane kamuwa da cuta tun da farko.
"Aiki a matsayin wani ɓangare na martani na duniya, CEPI ta ƙaddamar da dala miliyan 100 na asusunta kuma ta yi sauri da ba a taɓa gani ba don fara shirin haɓaka rigakafin tare da manufar samun 'yan takarar rigakafin a farkon matakan gwaji na asibiti a cikin ƙasa da makonni 16." Duk da haka, wadannan kudade za a ware su gaba daya a karshen watan Maris kuma ba tare da taimakon kudi nan take ba shirye-shiryen rigakafin da muka fara ba za su iya ci gaba ba kuma a karshe ba za su isar da allurar da duniya ke bukata ba.'
A cikin alamar abin da zai biyo baya a duniya. Italiya ta sanya dokar hana fita a Padua da Lombardy a ranar 22 ga Fabrairu, 2020, bayan mutuwar farko da aka danganta ga Covid-19 a wajen China. Kwanaki goma bayan shigar da shi asibiti tare da wani yanayin rashin lafiya, wani mutum mai shekaru 77 daga ƙaramin garin Vo', wanda ba shi da masaniyar alaƙa da Wuhan, an ba da rahoton ya mutu a Padua daga, ko wataƙila 'tare da', cutar huhu ta haifar da Covid-19.
Yayin da Farfesa Neil Ferguson, memba Sage, da sauran masu bincike a Kwalejin Imperial ta London ke da hannu wajen yin kwaikwayon tasirin matakan nisantar da jama'a a watan Fabrairu, masu binciken su kuma sun shiga cikin wani muhimmin binciken Italiyanci a cikin Vo' wanda ya ce kashi 40 na mazaunan sun kamu da asymptomatically. Kodayake sun gwada inganci, ba su da, kuma ba su da alamun bayyanar, watakila suna ba da shawara maimakon cewa suna da rigakafi.
Kamar yadda mania kulle-kulle ke yaɗuwa, wasa ne don CEPI. A watan Yuni 2020, ta sanya hannu kan kwangilar dala miliyan 22 tare da wani kamfanin kera gilashin magunguna na Italiya, rukunin Stevanato, wanda ta hanyar fluke ke da hedikwata a Padua. don samar da kwalabe don kwalban allurai biliyan 2 na rigakafin Covid-19. Kungiyar Stevanato, wanda a yanzu ke ba da vial zuwa kashi 90 na shirye-shiryen rigakafin Covid na yanzu, ya fara fara kasuwancin hannun jari a New York a bara, yana haɓaka dala miliyan 453.5 a babban jari.
Tana shirin yin amfani da kudaden wajen gina sabbin masana'antu guda biyu, daya a Amurka daya kuma a China. Kaddamar da kasuwar hannun jarin ita ma wata guguwa ce ga dangin Stevanato wadanda za su 'rage hannun jarin su a cikin kamfani' don samun kudi.
Yayin da kulle-kulle ya kasance bala'i ga talakawa, lalata abubuwan rayuwa, lalata ilimin yara da kuma haifar da hauhawar farashin kayayyaki wanda shine tsadar rayuwa, don CEPI sun cika manufa. Kamar yadda Cummings ya tuna a cikin shaida ga kwamitin Commons, zagaye na gaba na shiga tsakani ya fara nan da nan: 'Na sami rubutu daga Patrick Vallance, lokacin da ya aiko mani sako kai tsaye, ina tsammanin, 24 ga Maris. . . Inda ya ce a fili, "Ina so in kafa wani ma'aikacin rigakafin rigakafi, kuma in yi shi a wajen Ma'aikatar Lafiya da Kula da Jama'a." Kwanaki uku bayan sanya kasar a gidan kurkuku, gwamnatin Burtaniya ta yi alkawarin karin fam miliyan 210 don shirin rigakafin na CEPI.
Dr Hatchett ya bayyana a Davos a ranar taron manema labarai na Moderna cewa ana tattaunawa tsakanin CEPI da Sinawa. A kashi na gaba zan duba yadda alakar su ta bunkasa.
An sake buga shi daga Mace mai ra'ayin mazan jiya
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Paula Jardine marubuciya/mai bincike ce wacce ta kammala karatun digiri a fannin shari'a a ULaw. Tana da digiri na tarihi daga Jami'ar Toronto da kuma digiri na aikin jarida daga Jami'ar King's College a Halifax, Nova Scotia.
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