Kimiyya game da sabani na hankali, tambayoyi da gwajin koyarwar koyarwa da kuma neman gaskiya akai-akai. Tare da wani abu kamar kulle-kulle - manufar da ba a gwada ba wacce ke shafar miliyoyin - muhawara mai tsauri da tushen tabbatarwa / karya sun fi mahimmanci fiye da kowane lokaci. Malamai masu goyan bayan kulle-kulle (ko kowace babbar ka'ida) yakamata suyi maraba da kalubale, sanin - kamar yadda masana kimiyya sukeyi - wannan ƙalubale mai ƙarfi shine hanyar gano kuskure, haɓaka manufofi da ceton rayuka.
Amma tare da kulle-kulle, kimiyya na cikin haɗarin siyasa ta murkushe shi. Lockdown ya koma nan take daga ka'idar da ba a gwada ba zuwa al'adar da ba za a iya kalubalanta ba: inda masu adawa da kai ke fuskantar harin mutum. Ana iya ganewa akan kafofin watsa labarun watakila, amma yanzu ya shiga cikin Jaridar Likita ta Burtaniya (BMJ) a cikin wani labarin kwanan nan game da Babban Sanarwa na Barrington (GBD).
GBD, wanda na rubuta, tare da Dokta Jay Bhattacharya a Stanford da Dr. Sunetra Gupta a Oxford, suna jayayya don kare kai tsaye. Maimakon kulle bargo wanda ke cutar da al'umma, muna son ingantacciyar kariya ga waɗanda ke cikin haɗari - la'akari da cewa Covid yawanci yana haifar da haɗari mai sauƙi ga matasa. Don faɗin haka, an shafe mu a matsayin 'sabbin 'yan kasuwa masu shakku' - kamar dai shakku da ƙalubale da BMJ ke ɗaukarsa a matsayin wani abu da za a la'anta.
Hare-haren da aka lalata da kurakurai a cikin BMJ suna nuna abin da ke jiran masana ilimi waɗanda ke ƙalubalantar ra'ayoyi masu rinjaye.
Labarin BMJ yana cike da kurakurai waɗanda bai kamata su taɓa samun hanyarsu ta kowane ɗaba'ar ba. Ga wasu misalai:
- Ni da abokan aikina an kwatanta ni a matsayin 'masu sukar matakan kiwon lafiyar jama'a don dakile Covid-19'. Akasin haka, a duk lokacin bala'in mun ba da shawarar ingantattun matakan kiwon lafiyar jama'a don dakile Covid-19 - musamman kariya ga tsofaffi masu haɗari, tare da da yawa'a fili bayyana' bada shawarwari. Rashin aiwatar da irin waɗannan matakan, a ganinmu, ya haifar da mutuwar Covid da yawa da ba dole ba.
- An bayyana mu a matsayin 'masu ba da kariya ga garken garken shanu' wanda yayi kama da zargin wani da cewa yana goyon bayan nauyi. Dukansu abubuwa ne da aka kafa a kimiyyance. Kowane dabarun Covid yana haifar da rigakafin garken garken. Makullin shine a rage yawan cututtuka da mace-mace. Harshen, a nan, ba na kimiyya ba ne: rigakafin garken garken ba akida ba ne. Shi ne yadda annoba ta ƙare.
- Ya ce mun ' nuna adawa da yawan allurar rigakafi'. Ni da Dokta Gupta mun shafe shekaru da yawa a kan binciken rigakafin kuma mu duka ne karfi masu bada shawara ga Covid da sauran alluran rigakafi. Suna daga cikin manyan abubuwan kirkire-kirkire a tarihi. Don yin la'akari da motsin rigakafin rigakafi tare da tallafi daga furofesoshi a Harvard, Oxford da Stanford yana cutar da amincin rigakafin. Wannan bai cancanci jaridar likita ba.
- Ana kiran GBD a matsayin 'ƙasasshiyar ƙimiya'. Lura a nan yadda aka kwatanta wani abu da ke ƙalubalantar koyarwar koyarwa a matsayin anti-kimiyya - lakabin da mai yiwuwa an yi amfani da shi ga duk wani mai ƙirƙira kimiyya wanda ya taɓa tambayar ƙaƙƙarfar ƙa'idar. Lalacewar lafiyar jama'a daga ƙuntatawa na Covid gaskiya ne kuma babban on cututtukan zuciya da na,ciwon daji, ciwon sukari, koma baya allurar yara, yunwa da kuma Lafiyar tunani, don kawai sunaye. Ba GBD ba ne, amma waɗanda ke yin watsi da cutarwa waɗanda yakamata a daidaita su da waɗanda ke tambayar illolin taba ko canjin yanayi.
- Cibiyar Nazarin Tattalin Arziki ta Amirka (AIER) ba ta ɗauki nauyin GBD ba - kuma na yi farin cikin ganin cewa BMJ ta aƙalla janye wannan da'awar. Mun kasance a wurin don tattaunawa da manema labarai, ba tare da wani tallafi ba. Ta yaya irin wannan kuskuren ya ƙare a rubuce a farkon wuri? Ma’aikatan AIER ba su ma san game da sanarwar ba sai ranar da aka rattaba hannun, kuma shugaban AIER da hukumar ba su san game da shi ba sai bayan buga shi. Idan da mun rubuta sanarwar a ce, Starbucks, da BMJ za ta yi iƙirarin cewa kantin kofi ne ya ɗauki nauyinsa?
- Labarin BMJ ya ambaci 'mai ba da gudummawar AIER Scott Atlas', amma Dr. Atlas bai taɓa alaƙa da shi ko rubutawa ga AIER ba. Mu ma ba mu da – sai dai idan BMJ ita ma tana kallon mu a matsayin masu alaƙa da ɗaruruwan jami’o’i da ƙungiyoyin da muka ziyarta a lokacin aikinmu ko kuma suka sake buga wasu labaran mu. Dokta Atlas bai ma san cewa AIER ya sake buga ɗaya daga cikin labaransa ba har sai da BMJ ya haɗa da shi. Ma'aikatan AIER da yawa sun goyi bayan GBD cikin alheri, kamar sauran mutane marasa adadi a duniya, amma ba mu taɓa samun kuɗi daga AIER ba. Wannan kuskuren ainihin yana sake fallasa yadda BMJ bai yi amfani da cak na yau da kullun ba.
- Labarin BMJ ya ƙare da faɗin cewa ni da abokan aikina muna yin cinikin 'kamfen ɗin ƙiyayya mai ƙima mai cikakken kuɗaɗe bisa tushen akida da muradun kamfanoni'. Babu wanda ya biya mu kuɗi don aikinmu akan GBD, ko don ba da shawarar kariyar mai da hankali. Babu ɗayanmu da zai gudanar da wannan aikin don samun ƙwararrun ƙwararru: yana da sauƙin yin shiru fiye da sanya kanku sama da fakitin. A matsayin mai haɓaka maganin rigakafi, Dokta Gupta yana da alaƙa tare da farawa na harhada magunguna, amma ni da Dr. Bhattacharya muna cikin ƴan masana kimiyyar magunguna/alurar rigakafi waɗanda da gangan suke guje wa tallafin kamfanonin harhada magunguna don samun 'yanci daga rikice-rikice na buƙatu.
Ƙoƙarin BMJ na haɗa mu da 'yan'uwan Koch wani harin ad hominem ne na tsari mafi girma, amma ya kasa ambaton alaƙa mafi kusa. Dukkanmu muna aiki ne ga jami'o'in da suka sami gudummawa daga Koch Foundations, kodayake ba mu da alaƙa da wani aikin namu. Yayin da AIER ya karɓi guda ɗaya kawai $68K (£50,000) gudummawar Koch shekarun baya, jami'o'i da yawa sun sami gudummawa da yawa, mafi girma na Koch, gami da kyaututtukan dala miliyan Duke,Harvard, Johns Hopkins da kuma Stanford. Tun da ma'aikatan jami'a akai-akai suna bugawa a cikin BMJ, za a iya cewa mujallar tana da alaƙa da 'cibiyar sadarwar ƙungiyoyi da Charles Koch ke tallafawa' fiye da AIER.
Yawancin masana kimiyya suna samun tallafin bincike daga tushe masu zaman kansu, wanda a matsayinmu na masana kimiyya ya kamata mu yi godiya. Yana da munafunci da nuna wariya ga BMJ ta ware Dr. Gupta saboda ɗakin bincikenta ya sami ƙarancin kuɗi daga gidauniyar Opel. A matsayin ɗaya daga cikin misalan da yawa, Neil Ferguson da tawagarsa a Kwalejin Imperial sun sami lambar yabo ta shirin 'Emergent Ventures' na Cibiyar Mercatus mai alaƙa da Koch.
Yayin bala'i, aikin masana kimiyyar lafiyar jama'a ne su yi hulɗa tare da jami'an gwamnati: don amfani da ƙwarewarsu don fuskantar abin da a yanzu watakila babbar matsala ce da ke fuskantar ɗan adam. Yana da wuya a gane dalilin da yasa kowa zai soki hakan.
Idan za a yi mana laifi kan wani abu, shi ne mun gaza shawo kan gwamnatoci don aiwatar da kariyar da aka mayar da hankali maimakon lalata kulle-kulle. Wuri ɗaya da muka sami ɗan nasara shine Florida, inda tarawa Mutuwar Covid ya yi ƙasa da matsakaicin ƙasar Amurka tare da ƙarancin lalacewa. Idan muka yi kuskure, to a matsayinmu na masana kimiyya za mu yi maraba da tattaunawa ta kimiyya kan yadda da kuma inda muka yi kuskure.
Labarin BMJ ya bukaci mutane su yi amfani da 'dabarun siyasa da na doka' maimakon hujjar kimiyya don murkushe ra'ayoyinmu game da cutar. Hakanan yana kira ga mutane su bi 'ijma'i na kimiyya' kamar yadda a ke wakilta Memorandum Lancet ne ya buga, takaddar da ke tambayar rigakafi ta dabi'a bayan cutar ta Covid, duk da binciken da Isra'ila ta yi kwanan nan bayar da shawara zai iya zama da ƙarfi fiye da kariyar rigakafin.
Me za a ce? Saboda dabarun siyasa ta hanyar amfani da batanci da hare-haren ad hominem, likitoci da masana kimiyya da yawa sun yi jinkirin yin magana duk da ra'ayinsu game da manufofin cutar. Hare-haren da aka lalata da kurakurai a cikin BMJ suna nuna abin da ke jiran masana ilimi waɗanda ke ƙalubalantar ra'ayoyi masu rinjaye.
Cewa irin wannan labarin da aka buga ya misalta lalacewa a cikin mizanan mujallolin kimiyya. Maganar buɗe ido da gaskiya tana da mahimmanci ga kimiyya da lafiyar jama'a. A matsayinmu na masana kimiyya, yanzu dole ne mu yarda cewa shekaru 400 na wayewar kimiyya na iya zuwa ƙarshe. Yana fara tare da Tycho Brahe, Johannes Kepler, Galileo Galilei da René Descartes. Zai zama abin ban tausayi idan har ya zama ɗaya daga cikin mutane da yawa da wannan annoba ta kashe.
An karbo daga labarin marubucin a The Spectator
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Martin Kulldorff masanin cututtukan cututtuka ne kuma masanin halittu. Shi Farfesa ne na Magunguna a Jami'ar Harvard (a kan hutu) kuma Fellow a Kwalejin Kimiyya da 'Yanci. Bincikensa ya mayar da hankali kan barkewar cututtuka da kuma lura da rigakafin rigakafi da amincin magunguna, wanda ya samar da SaTScan, TreeScan, da software na RSequential kyauta. Co-Marubucin Babban Sanarwa na Barrington.
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