COVID-19 yana wakiltar karo na farko a cikin tarihin annoba da muka killace mutane masu lafiya. Duk da yake mutanen da ba su fahimci hanyoyin kamuwa da cututtuka ba—ba su san komai game da ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta ba—duk da haka sun gano hanyoyi da yawa don rage yaduwar cututtuka a lokacin annoba. Waɗannan matakan da aka gwada lokaci sun fito ne daga keɓe marasa lafiya na alamun cutar zuwa shigar da waɗanda ke da rigakafi na halitta, waɗanda suka warke daga cutar, don kula da marasa lafiya.
Daga kutare a cikin Tsohon Alkawari zuwa annoba ta Justinian a tsohuwar Rome zuwa cutar mura ta Spain ta 1918, kulle-kulle ba su kasance cikin matakan kiwon lafiyar jama'a na yau da kullun ba. Tunanin kulle-kulle ya taso a wani bangare daga na'urar kiwon lafiyar jama'a da ta zama soja a cikin shekaru ashirin da suka gabata. A kullum muna jin labarin “maganin rigakafi,” amma likitoci da ma’aikatan jinya ba sa amfani da wannan kalmar, wato kalmar leƙen asiri da soja.
A cikin 1968, yayin da kimanin mutane miliyan ɗaya zuwa huɗu suka mutu a cikin cutar ta H3N2, kasuwanci da makarantu sun kasance a buɗe kuma ba a taɓa soke manyan abubuwan da suka faru ba. Har zuwa 2020 a baya ba mu kulle dukkan jama'a ba, saboda wannan dabarar ba ta aiki. A cikin 2020 ba mu da wata hujja ta zahiri cewa kulle-kulle za ta ceci rayuka, kawai ingantattun nau'ikan lissafi waɗanda ƙayyadaddun ƙa'idodin ba su da ɗan kashewa ba, amma an wuce gona da iri ta hanyar girma.
Lokacin da Dr. Anthony Fauci da Deborah Birx, wadanda ke jagorantar kwamitin shugaban kasa na coronavirus, sun yanke shawara a watan Fabrairun 2020 cewa kulle-kulle shine hanyar da za a bi, New York Times aka dora wa alhakin bayyana wannan hanya ga Amurkawa. A ranar 27 ga Fabrairu, da Times buga a podcast wanda dan jaridar kimiyya Donald McNeil ya bayyana cewa dole ne a dakatar da hakkin jama'a idan za mu dakatar da yaduwar COVID. Kashegari, Times ta buga labarin McNeil, "Don Kamu da Coronavirus, Ku tafi Medieval akan Shi. "
Wannan yanki bai ba da isasshen yabo ga jama'ar Medieval ba, wanda wani lokaci yana kulle ƙofofin biranen ganuwa ko rufe kan iyakoki yayin barkewar cutar, amma ba ta taɓa ba mutane umarnin su zauna a cikin gidajensu ba, ba su hana mutane yin kasuwancinsu ba, kuma ba su taɓa keɓe masu asymptomatic daga wasu a cikin al'umma ba.
A'a, Mista McNeil, kulle-kulle ba jifa ba ne na Medieval amma gabaɗaya ƙirƙira ce ta zamani. A cikin Maris na 2020, kulle-kulle na annoba gabaɗaya gwaji ne na de novo, wanda ba a gwada shi akan yawan ɗan adam.
Kodayake waɗannan matakan ba a taɓa yin su ba, kusan babu wata tattaunawa ko muhawara game da manufofin kulle-kulle. Magani masu hikima ga tambayoyin siyasa masu tayar da hankali koyaushe sun haɗa da hukunce-hukuncen hikima waɗanda babu wani samfurin annoba guda ɗaya da zai iya bayarwa.
'Yan siyasarmu sun yi watsi da alhakinsu ta hanyar fakewa a bayan "Kimiyya" ko "Masana," kamar dai waɗannan kalmomi masu alamar kasuwanci sun haɗa tebur guda ɗaya na cikakkun bayanai. Kamata ya yi su yi la'akari da hadaddun hadaddun haɗari da lahani - ban da sauran dubunnan wasu abubuwan da ba za a iya yankewa ba - na yanke shawara kamar kulle-kulle ko wajibcin abin rufe fuska.
Wannan kalmar "kulle" ta samo asali ba daga magani ko lafiyar jama'a ba amma tsarin hukunci. Fursunoni suna shiga cikin kulle-kulle don dawo da zaman lafiya lokacin da fursunoni suka yi tarzoma. Lokacin da mafi tsananin sarrafawa da sa ido a duniyar nan ya barke cikin hargitsi, ana dawo da tsari ta hanyar tabbatar da cikakken iko cikin sauri da cikakken iko ga daukacin mutanen gidan yari da karfi. Keɓaɓɓen tsare tsare ne kawai zai iya kiyaye jama'a masu haɗari da marasa aminci. Ba za a iya barin fursunonin yin tarzoma ba; fursunoni ba za su iya gudanar da mafaka ba.
A cikin Fabrairu na 2020 al'ummarmu sun yi imanin cewa hargitsi na zuwa, kuma mun rungumi ra'ayin cewa wannan hukuncin hukunci daidai ne, hakika kawai mai hankali, amsa. Lockdowns sun sami ɗan juriya sosai lokacin da aka fara aiwatar da su. "Kwana goma sha biyar don daidaita lankwasa" ya zama kamar ma'ana ga yawancin mutane. Daya bayan daya cikin hanzari, gwamnoni suka umarce mu da mu zauna a gida.
Mun yi biyayya da sauri. Mu ƙi, an gaya mana cewa, ba da gangan ba ne a yanke hukuncin kisa. Duk wani ƙananan aljihun juriya an wulakanta su da sauri. Kamar yadda wani dan jarida ya bayyana shi, "An yi amfani da roko ga kimiyya da makami don aiwatar da daidaito, kuma kafofin watsa labarai sun nuna masu zanga-zangar hana kulle-kulle a matsayin koma-baya, 'yan kishin kasa farar fata da suka himmatu wajen jefa jama'a cikin hadari." Wanene yake so a ba shi aji a wannan sansanin?
Rahotanni game da COVID sun riga sun mamaye duniya na 'yan watanni har zuwa kulle-kulle. Mun tsaya a manne da allo, muna kallon adadin shari'o'in yana karuwa yayin da muke bin diddigin mutuwar coronavirus a cikin kasashen waje. Har yanzu ba mu ga shari'o'i a cikin Amurka da Burtaniya ba, mun dogara ga jagora kan ƙirar lissafi.
Saboda an firgita mu don firgita, ƙirar da aka zaɓa ba ɗaya daga cikin hasashen ƙididdiga masu yawa ba, amma lambobi masu ban tsoro da ƙungiyar Neil Ferguson ta buga a Kwalejin Imperial ta London, waɗanda suka yi hasashen mutuwar miliyan 40 a cikin 2020. Stanford, wanda ya yi gargadin cewa samfurin Kwalejin Imperial ya kasance ƙasa a cikin munanan zato.
Komai-a wannan karon, tabbas, za a kuɓutar da annabce-annabcen Ferguson. Kamar yadda ya fito, samfurin ya tabbatar da kuskure fiye da kowane ɗayan manyan samfuran akan tayin. Misalin Kwalejin Imperial ya annabta cewa idan ba ta kulle ba, Sweden za ta kashe mutane 80,000 a karshen watan Yuni.
Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin ƙananan ƙasashe waɗanda ba su kulle ba kuma suna da mutuwar mutane 20,000, har ma da yin amfani da hanyoyin da ke haifar da kirgawa. Misalin Ferguson abu ne mai iya gwadawa kuma an tabbatar da shi a fili ba daidai ba ne, amma wannan gaskiyar ba ta yi wani abin da ya canza yanayinmu ba.
Yana da wuya a wuce gona da iri game da sabon abu da wauta na abin da ya faru a duniya a cikin Maris na 2020. Abin da ya sauko mana ba wai kawai ƙwayar cuta ba ce amma tsarin al'ada na tsari da kulawa - farkon sabon yanayin tsaro na biomedical wanda na bayyana a cikin littafina, Sabon Sabon Mahaukaci.
Babi daga littafin marubucin da aka sake bugawa daga Newsweek
-
Aaron Kheriaty, Babban mashawarcin Cibiyar Brownstone, masani ne a Cibiyar Da'a da Harkokin Jama'a, DC. Shi tsohon farfesa ne na ilimin hauka a Jami'ar California a Makarantar Magunguna ta Irvine, inda ya kasance darektan da'a na likitanci.
Duba dukkan posts
