Nazarin Bincike na 160 Plus ya tabbatar da rigakafin da ake samu ta dabi'a ga Covid-19: Rubuce-rubuce, Haɗe, da Nakalto

SHARE | BUGA | EMAIL

Kada mu tilasta wa kowa allurar COVID yayin da shaidar ta nuna cewa rigakafin da aka samu ta dabi'a daidai yake da ko mafi ƙarfi kuma ya fi alluran rigakafin da ake da su. Maimakon haka, ya kamata mu daraja ’yancin mutuncin jikin mutum na tsai da kansu.

Jami'an kiwon lafiyar jama'a da cibiyar kiwon lafiya tare da taimakon kafofin watsa labaru na siyasa suna yaudarar jama'a tare da ikirarin cewa harbin COVID-19 yana ba da kariya mafi girma fiye da rigakafi na halitta. Daraktan CDC Rochelle Walensky, alal misali, ya kasance mai yaudara a cikinta Oktoba 2020 aka buga LANCET bayani "Babu wata shaida don dorewar rigakafi ga SARS-CoV-2 sakamakon kamuwa da cuta na halitta" kuma "sakamakon raguwar rigakafi zai iya haifar da haɗari ga al'ummomin da ba su da ƙarfi na nan gaba."

Immunology da virology 101 sun koya mana sama da ƙarni cewa rigakafi na halitta yana ba da kariya daga sunadaran ƙwayoyin cuta na numfashi, kuma ba ɗaya kawai ba, misali SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein. Akwai ma hujja mai ƙarfi ga dagewar antibodies. Ko da CDC ta gane rigakafi na halitta don kashin kaji da kyanda, mumps, da rubella, amma ba don COVID-19 ba.

Wadanda aka yi wa alurar riga kafi suna nuna nau'ikan kwayoyin cuta (masu girma sosai) kama da wadanda ba a yi musu allurar ba (Acharya et al. da kuma Riemersma et al.), kuma waɗanda aka yi wa alurar riga kafi suna da kamuwa da cuta. Riemersma et al. Hakanan bayar da rahoton bayanan Wisconsin waɗanda ke tabbatar da yadda mutanen da aka yi wa alurar riga kafi waɗanda suka kamu da bambance-bambancen Delta na iya yuwuwa (kuma suna) watsa (ting) SARS-CoV-2 ga wasu (mai yiwuwa ga waɗanda aka yi wa alurar riga kafi da waɗanda ba a yi musu allurar ba).

Wannan halin da ake ciki na damuwa na alurar riga kafi da kamuwa da kwayar cutar ya fito ne a cikin takaddun fashewa na asibiti ta hanyar. Chau et al. (HCWs a Vietnam), da Barkewar asibiti a Finland (ya yadu tsakanin HCWs da marasa lafiya), da Barkewar asibitin Isra'ila (ya yadu tsakanin HCWs da marasa lafiya). Waɗannan binciken sun kuma bayyana cewa PPE da masks ba su da tasiri sosai a cikin tsarin kiwon lafiya. Bugu da kari, da Cutar Marek a cikin kaji da yanayin alurar riga kafi yana bayyana abin da yuwuwar mu ke fuskanta tare da waɗannan alluran rigakafi (ƙarar watsawa, saurin watsawa, da ƙarin bambance-bambancen 'zafi').

Haka kuma, ya kamata a tantance rigakafin da ke akwai kafin kowane allurar rigakafi, ta hanyar ingantaccen, abin dogaro, kuma ingantaccen gwajin rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta (ko gwajin rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta na T cell) ko ya dogara da takaddun kamuwa da cuta ta farko (gwajin PCR ko antigen da ta gabata). Irin wannan zai zama shaida na rigakafi wanda yayi daidai da na alurar riga kafi kuma yakamata a samar da rigakafi daidai da matsayin al'umma kamar kowace rigakafi da aka haifar. Wannan zai yi aiki don rage damuwar al'umma tare da waɗannan umarni na rigakafin tilastawa da tashin hankalin al'umma saboda asarar aiki, hana gata na al'umma da dai sauransu. Rarraba waɗanda aka yi wa alurar riga kafi da waɗanda ba a yi musu alluran rigakafi ba a cikin al'umma, raba su, ba a yarda da likita ko kimiyya ba.

Cibiyar Brownstone a baya rubuce-rubuce 30 karatu akan rigakafi na dabi'a kamar yadda yake da alaƙa da Covid-19.

Wannan ginshiƙi mai biyo baya shine mafi sabuntawa kuma cikakkun jerin ɗakunan karatu na 150 na mafi inganci, cikakke, mafi ƙarfin nazarin kimiyya da rahotanni / maganganun matsayi akan rigakafi na halitta idan aka kwatanta da rigakafin rigakafin cutar COVID-19 kuma ya ba ku damar yanke shawarar ku.

Wannan yana wakiltar amintaccen 'jikin shaida' wanda ya haɗa da binciken da aka yi bita na tsara da kuma ingantaccen wallafe-wallafe da rahotanni waɗanda ke ba da gudummawa ga wannan rukunin shaidar. Manufar anan shine rabawa da sanarwa don yanke shawara.

Na amfana da shigar da mutane da yawa don haɗa wannan, musamman mawallafana:

Dr. Harvey Risch, MD, PhD (Makarantar Yale na Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a)
Dokta Howard Tenenbaum, PhD (Faculty of Medicine, Jami'ar Toronto)
Dr. Ramin Oskoui, MD (Foxhall Cardiology, Washington)
Dokta Peter McCullough, MD (Truth for Health Foundation (TFH)), Texas
Dr. Parvez Dara, MD (mai ba da shawara, Likitan Hematologist da Oncologist)

Shaida akan rigakafi na halitta tare da rigakafin cutar COVID-19:

Taken karatu/rahoton, marubuci, da shekara da aka buga da mahaɗin url na mu'amala	Babban bincike akan rigakafi na halitta
1) Wajabcin rigakafin COVID-19 a cikin mutanen da suka kamu da cutar a baya, Shrestha, 2021	"An yi nazarin tarin abubuwan da suka faru na COVID-19 a tsakanin ma'aikata 52,238 a cikin tsarin kiwon lafiyar Amurka. Yawan kamuwa da cutar ta SARS-CoV-2 ya kasance kusan sifili tsakanin wadanda ba a yi musu allurar riga-kafi ba, wadanda suka kamu da cutar a baya wadanda aka yi musu allurar, da wadanda ba su kamu da cutar ba wadanda aka yi musu allurar, idan aka kwatanta da ci gaba da kamuwa da cuta a cikin wadanda suka kamu da cutar a baya. Ba a yi wa mutum ɗaya daga cikin 1359 da suka kamu da cutar ba a baya da ba a yi musu allurar rigakafin cutar ta SARS-CoV-2 ba a tsawon lokacin binciken.
2) SARS-CoV-2-takamaiman rigakafin ƙwayoyin T cell a cikin lokuta na COVID-19 da SARS, da sarrafawar marasa lafiya., Le Bert, 2020	"Nazarin amsawar T cell akan tsarin tsarin (nucleocapsid (N) protein) da mara tsari (NSP7 da NSP13 na Saukewa: ORF1Yankunan SARS-CoV-2 a cikin mutanen da ke fama da cutar coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) (n = 36). A cikin duk waɗannan mutane, mun sami CD4 da CD8 T sel waɗanda suka gane yankuna da yawa na furotin N… sun nuna cewa marasa lafiya (n = 23) waɗanda suka murmure daga SARS suna da ƙwayoyin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya na dogon lokaci waɗanda ke amsawa ga furotin N na SARS-CoV shekaru 17 bayan barkewar SARS a 2003; waɗannan sel T sun nuna ƙarfi-reactivity zuwa furotin N na SARS-CoV-2. ”
3) Kwatanta garkuwar halitta ta SARS-CoV-2 zuwa rigakafi da ke haifar da rigakafi: sake kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta, Gazit, 2021	"Binciken dubawa na baya-bayan nan wanda ya kwatanta ƙungiyoyi uku: (1) SARS-CoV-2-masu butulci waɗanda suka karɓi tsarin kashi biyu na rigakafin BioNTech/Pfizer mRNA BNT162b2, (2) waɗanda suka kamu da cutar a baya waɗanda ba a yi musu allurar ba, kuma (3) sun kamu da cutar a baya. da kuma An gano kashi 13 cikin 27 na haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan Delta a cikin mutanen da aka yi wa alurar riga kafi sau biyu, kuma sau 8 na haɓaka haɗarin kamuwa da cuta a cikin allurar rigakafi biyu dangane da rigakafin da aka dawo da mutanen… asibiti saboda bambance-bambancen Delta na SARS-CoV-2, idan aka kwatanta da BNT162b2 rigakafin rigakafin da aka haifar da kashi biyu.
4) Amsar rigakafin ƙwayar cuta ta musamman mai aiki a cikin kamuwa da cutar SARS-CoV-2 mai asymptomatic, Le Bert, 2021	"Ya yi karatu SARS-CoV-2-takamaiman ƙwayoyin T a cikin ƙungiyar asymptomatic.n = 85) da alamomi (n = 75) Marasa lafiya na COVID-19 bayan canjin yanayi… don haka, mutanen da suka kamu da cutar SARS-CoV-2 ba su da alaƙa da raunin rigakafin rigakafi; akasin haka, suna ɗaukar martanin rigakafi na musamman na ƙwayoyin cuta.”
5) Babban karatu na lalata titer na antibody bayan maganin BNT162b2 mRNA ko kamuwa da SARS-CoV-2Isra'ila, 2021	“Jimillar mutane 2,653 da aka yi musu cikakken alluran rigakafin allurai biyu a lokacin binciken kuma an haɗa marasa lafiya 4,361. AU/mL IQR [2-1581]; p <533.8). Kwayar cutar SARS-CoV-5644.6, tare da matakan farko mafi girma amma raguwa mai saurin fa'ida a rukunin farko. ”
6) SARS-CoV-2 hadarin sake kamuwa da cuta a Austria, Pilz, 2021	Masu bincike sun rubuta “40 na sake kamuwa da cuta a cikin 14, 840 COVID-19 da suka tsira daga farkon igiyar ruwa (0.27%) da 253 581 kamuwa da cuta a cikin 8, 885, 640 mutane na sauran jama'a (2.85%) suna fassara zuwa wani rashin daidaito rabo (95%… Adadin sake kamuwa da cutar ta SARS-CoV-0.09 a cikin Ostiriya Kariya daga SARS-CoV-0.07 bayan kamuwa da cuta ta dabi'a yana da kwatankwacin ƙididdiga mafi girma akan ingancin rigakafin. Bugu da ƙari, asibiti a cikin biyar kawai cikin 0.13 (2%) mutane da mutuwa a cikin ɗaya cikin 2 (14,840%) (sake kamuwa da cuta).
7) mRNA rigakafin-induced SARS-CoV-2-takamaiman T Kwayoyin gane B.1.1.7 da B.1.351 bambance-bambancen karatu amma sun bambanta da tsawon rai da homeing kaddarorin dangane da gaban kamuwa da cuta matsayi., Neidleman, 2021	"Spike-takamaiman T Kwayoyin daga maganin alurar riga kafi sun bambanta sosai da na kamuwa da cuta-naïve alluran rigakafi, tare da phenotypic fasali nuna mafi girma na dogon lokaci dagewa da kuma ikon gida zuwa ga numfashi fili ciki har da nasopharynx. Wadannan sakamakon bayar da tabbacin cewa alurar rigakafi-sakamako T Kwayoyin da ba su tabbatar da conbustly ga B.1.1.7. suna buƙatar kashi na biyu na rigakafi."
8) Labari mai dadi: COVID-19 mai laushi yana haifar da kariyar rigakafi mai dorewa, Bhandari, 2021	"Watannin bayan murmurewa daga ƙananan lokuta na COVID-19, mutane har yanzu suna da ƙwayoyin rigakafi a cikin jikinsu suna fitar da ƙwayoyin rigakafi daga kwayar cutar da ke haifar da COVID-19, a cewar wani bincike daga masu bincike a Makarantar Magungunan Jami'ar Washington a St. Louis. Irin waɗannan ƙwayoyin na iya dawwama har tsawon rayuwarsu, suna fitar da ƙwayoyin rigakafi duk tsawon lokacin. Sakamakon binciken, wanda aka buga a ranar 24 ga Mayu a cikin mujallar Mujallar Nature na ƙarshe da ke ba da shawarar kariya daga cutar COVID-19. Mai yiyuwa ne ba a saba yin fama da rashin lafiya ba.”
9) Ƙarfafawar rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta zuwa kamuwa da cuta ta SARS-CoV-2 na ci gaba da kasancewa na tsawon watanni, Wajnberg, 2021	"Neuralizing antibody titers a kan SARS-CoV-2 furotin karu ya ci gaba da akalla watanni 5 bayan kamuwa da cuta. Duk da cewa ci gaba da sa ido kan wannan rukunin za a buƙaci don tabbatar da tsawon rai da ƙarfin wannan amsa, waɗannan sakamakon farko sun nuna cewa yiwuwar sake kamuwa da cuta na iya zama ƙasa da yadda ake tsoro a halin yanzu."
10) Juyin Halitta na rigakafi zuwa SARS-CoV-2, Gaebler, 2020	"A lokaci guda, neutralizing aiki a cikin plasma yana raguwa da ninki biyar a cikin gwaje-gwajen nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'in nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'in cuta. SARS-CoV-6.2 yana tasowa tsakanin watanni 2 zuwa 1.3 bayan kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar da ta dace da dagewar antigen.
11) Dagewar kawar da ƙwayoyin rigakafi shekara guda bayan kamuwa da cutar SARS-CoV-2 a cikin mutane, Hafar, 2021	"Yi la'akari da tsayin daka na kwayoyin cutar kwayar cutar ta WT SARS-CoV-2 a cikin watanni 8 da 13 bayan gano cutar a cikin mutane 367…
12) Ƙididdiga haɗarin sake kamuwa da SARS-CoV-2 akan lokaci, Murku, 2021	"An gano manyan ƙwararrun ƙungiyoyi goma sha ɗaya waɗanda aka kiyasta haɗarin sake kamuwa da cutar SARS-CoV-2 akan lokaci, gami da uku waɗanda suka yi rajistar ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya da biyu waɗanda suka yi rajista da mazauna da ma'aikatan gidajen kulawa da tsofaffi. (cikakkiyar adadin 615,777% -10%), ba tare da wani binciken da ya ba da rahoton karuwar haɗarin sake kamuwa da cuta a cikin lokaci ba.
13) Kariyar halitta ga covid yana da ƙarfi. Masu tsara manufofin suna jin tsoron faɗin haka, Makary, 2021 Jaridar Western-Makary	Makary ya rubuta "babu laifi a sami hasashe na kimiyya da ba daidai ba. Amma idan sabbin bayanai suka tabbatar da cewa ba daidai ba ne, dole ne ku daidaita. Abin baƙin cikin shine, yawancin zaɓaɓɓun shugabanni da jami'an kiwon lafiyar jama'a sun yi tsayin daka kan hasashen cewa rigakafi na halitta yana ba da kariya marar aminci daga covid-19 - takaddamar da ke cikin hanzari ta hanyar kimiyya. ikon rigakafi samu ta hanyar samun kwayar cutar a baya. Mutum 700,000 binciken daga Isra'ila makonni biyu da suka gabata sun gano cewa wadanda suka kamu da cutar a baya sun kasance sau 27 ƙasa da yiwuwar samun kamuwa da cutar ta covid na biyu fiye da waɗanda aka yi wa alurar riga kafi. Wannan ya tabbatar da asibitin Cleveland na Yuni binciken na ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya (waɗanda galibi ana kamuwa da cutar), wanda babu wanda a baya ya gwada ingancin cutar coronavirus samu sake kamuwa. Marubutan binciken sun kammala da cewa "mutanen da suka kamu da cutar ta SARS-CoV-2 ba su da yuwuwa su amfana daga allurar COVID-19." Kuma a watan Mayu, Jami'ar Washington binciken An gano cewa ko da kamuwa da cuta mai sauƙi ya haifar da rigakafi mai dorewa." "Bayanan rigakafi na halitta yanzu suna da yawa," Makary ya fada wa Morning Wire. "Ya zama hasashen da shugabannin mu na kiwon lafiyar jama'a suke da shi cewa rigakafin rigakafi ya fi kyau kuma ya fi ƙarfin rigakafi na halitta ba daidai ba ne. Sun dawo da shi baya. Kuma yanzu mun sami bayanai daga Isra'ila da ke nuna cewa rigakafi na halitta ya fi ƙarfin rigakafi sau 27."
14) SARS-CoV-2 yana haifar da ingantaccen martani na rigakafi ba tare da la'akari da tsananin cutar ba, Nielsen, 2021	“203 sun murmure daga kamuwa da cutar SARS-CoV-2 a Denmark tsakanin 3 ga Afrilu^rd kuma Yuli 9^th 2020, aƙalla kwanaki 14 bayan dawowar alamun COVID-19… bayar da rahoton fa'idodin serological a cikin ƙungiyar, gano antibody daure ga sauran coronaviruses na ɗan adam.⁺ Amsoshin T-cell. Gabaɗaya, yawancin marasa lafiya sun sami ingantaccen martani na rigakafi, ba tare da la’akari da tsananin cutar su ba. ”
15) Kariyar kamuwa da cutar SARS-CoV-2 da ta gabata yayi kama da na kariyar rigakafin BNT162b2: Kwarewar wata uku a cikin ƙasa daga Isra'ila., Goldberg, 2021	"Bincika wani sabunta bayanan matakin mutum na daukacin jama'ar Isra'ila don tantance ingancin kariyar duka kamuwa da cuta ta farko da allurar rigakafin kamuwa da cuta ta SARS-CoV-2 na gaba, asibiti tare da COVID-19, cuta mai tsanani, da mutuwa saboda COVID-19… allurar rigakafin ta yi tasiri sosai tare da ingantaccen ingantaccen ingantaccen rigakafin kamuwa da cuta na 92: 8 · 92% (CI) 6 · 93% (CI: [0 · 94, 2 · 93]); rashin lafiya mai tsanani 6 · 94% (CI: [7 · 94, 4 · 93]); da kuma mutuwa 6 · 95% (CI: [0 · 93, 7 · 92]). 5 · 94% (CI: [7 · 2, 94 · 8]); da rashin lafiya mai tsanani 94 · 4% (CI: [95 · 1, 94 · 1]) ... sakamakon yana tambayar bukatar yin allurar rigakafi a baya."
16) Haɗuwa da Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Coronavirus-2 tsakanin ma'aikatan da suka kamu da cutar a baya ko kuma waɗanda aka yi musu allurar., Kojima, 2021	“An raba ma’aikata zuwa rukuni uku: (1) SARS-CoV-2 butulci da marasa alurar riga kafi, (2) kamuwa da cutar SARS-CoV-2 da ta gabata, da (3) an yi musu allurar. 2, 2 da 30 rikodin ma'aikata na ƙungiyoyi 4313, 254, da 739… na baya-bayan nan na SARS-CoV-1 da allurar rigakafin SARS-CoV-2 suna da alaƙa da raguwar haɗarin kamuwa da cuta ko sake kamuwa da cuta tare da SARS-CoV-3 a cikin ma'aikatan da aka bincika akai-akai.
17) Samun SARS-CoV-2 sau ɗaya yana ba da rigakafi mafi girma fiye da maganin alurar riga kafi - amma rigakafin yana da mahimmanci., Wadman, 2021	"Isra'ilawan da suka kamu da cutar sun fi samun kariya daga bambance-bambancen Delta coronavirus fiye da waɗanda ke da riga-kafi mai inganci na COVID-19… sabbin bayanan da aka fitar sun nuna mutanen da suka taɓa kamuwa da cutar ta SARS-CoV-2 ba su da yuwuwa fiye da waɗanda ba su kamu da cutar ba, mutanen da aka yi wa alurar riga kafi don samun Delta, haɓaka alamun cutar, ko kuma zama asibiti tare da COVID-19 mai tsanani."
18) shekara guda ya ci gaba da kare lafiyar salula da ban dariya na COVID-19 convalescents, Zhang, 2021	"Kimanin takamaiman rigakafin rigakafin rigakafi a cikin 101 COVID-19 convalescents; SARS-CoV-2-takamaiman IgG antibodies, da kuma NAb na iya ci gaba a tsakanin sama da 95% COVID-19 convalescents daga watanni 6 zuwa 12 bayan kamuwa da cuta. Akalla 19/71 (26%) na COVID-19 MCLIA) yana da maganin rigakafi na IgM wanda za'a iya ganowa game da SARS-CoV-2 a cikin 12m bayan kamuwa da cuta musamman, kashi 2% na furotin da ke da takamaiman SARS-CoV-2 (aƙalla ɗaya daga cikin SARS-CoV-1 antigen S2, S71, M da N protein) sun kasance 76% / 93. kuma 67m, bi da bi.
19) Aiki na SARS-CoV-2-Takamaiman Ƙwaƙwalwar Immune na Immune yana Ci gaba bayan Mummunar COVID-19, Roda, 2021	"Mutane da aka murmure sun haɓaka ƙwayoyin rigakafi na SARS-CoV-2-takamaiman immunoglobulin (IgG), neutralizing plasma, da ƙwaƙwalwar B da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar T waɗanda suka dawwama aƙalla watanni 3. Bayananmu sun kara nuna cewa SARS-CoV-2-takamaiman IgG ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar B Kwayoyin sun karu akan lokaci. cytokines da faɗaɗa akan sake saduwa da antigen, yayin da ƙwayoyin B ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya sun bayyana masu karɓa waɗanda ke iya kawar da kwayar cutar yayin da aka bayyana su azaman ƙwayoyin rigakafi na monoclonal.
20) Sa hannu na Amsar Kariya mai Wa'azi ga SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Alurar riga kafi da kamuwa da cuta, Ivanova, 2021	"An yi jerin tantanin halitta guda ɗaya akan jini na marasa lafiya tare da COVID-19 da masu sa kai masu lafiya kafin da kuma bayan sun karɓi maganin rigakafi na SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 mRNA don kwatanta martanin rigakafin da kwayar cutar ta haifar da wannan rigakafin… duka kamuwa da cuta da allurar rigakafi sun haifar da ingantacciyar na asali da kuma rigakafin bambance-bambancen na rigakafi tsakanin nau'ikan bambance-bambancen rigakafi. Marasa lafiya na COVID-19, martanin rigakafi yana da alaƙa da haɓakar martanin interferon wanda galibi ba ya nan a cikin masu karɓar alurar rigakafi mai yiwuwa ya ba da gudummawa ga haɓakar haɓakar ƙwayoyin halittar cytotoxic a cikin sel T na zahiri da na halitta-kamar lymphocytes a cikin marasa lafiya amma ba a cikin abubuwan da aka yiwa rigakafi na ƙwayoyin cuta na B Marasa lafiya na COVID-19 sun kasance sel masu tasiri, a cikin masu karɓar allurar rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta da farko suna yawo da ƙwayoyin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya… mun lura da kasancewar ƙwayoyin CD4 T na cytotoxic a cikin marasa lafiya na COVID-19 waɗanda ba su da yawa a cikin masu sa kai masu lafiya biyo bayan rigakafin rigakafi.
21) Cutar SARS-CoV-2 tana haifar da ƙwayoyin jini na kasusuwan kasusuwa na dogon lokaci a cikin mutane, Turner, 2021	Kwayoyin plasma na kasusuwan kasusuwa (BMPCs) sune tushen tushen kariya masu kariya… ana kiyaye su ta hanyar sel na plasma na dogon lokaci - waɗanda ba a sake yin su ba, ƙwayoyin plasma na musamman waɗanda aka gano a cikin kasusuwa tsawon bayan an cire antigen… S-daure BMPCs suna da ƙarfi, wanda ke ba da shawarar cewa suna da kwanciyar hankali. Kwayoyin B da aka yi wa SARS-CoV-2 S an gano su a cikin daidaikun mutane gabaɗaya, sakamakonmu yana nuna cewa kamuwa da cuta mai sauƙi tare da SARS-CoV-2 yana haifar da takamaiman antigen-takamaiman ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar ɗan adam mai tsayi a cikin mutane… da kuma memory B-cells."
22) Yawan kamuwa da cuta na SARS-CoV-2 na antibody-tabbatacce idan aka kwatanta da ma'aikatan kula da lafiya marasa kyau a Ingila: babban, cibiyar da yawa, binciken ƙungiyar masu zuwa (SIREN), Jane Hall, 2021	“Sass-CoV-2 Immunity and Reinfection Evaluation binciken… 30 625 mahalarta sun shiga cikin binciken… tarihin da ya gabata na kamuwa da cuta ta SARS-CoV-2 yana da alaƙa da 84% ƙananan haɗarin kamuwa da cuta, tare da tasirin kariyar tsaka-tsaki da aka lura watanni 7 bayan kamuwa da cuta ta farko. Wannan lokacin shine mafi ƙarancin sakamako mai yuwuwa saboda ba a haɗa da kamuwa da cuta na baya ba tare da kamuwa da cuta ta SARS. kamuwa da cuta a yawancin mutane."
23) Cutar sankara ta SARS-CoV-2 ta kamu da cutar da kuma yawan juzu'i a cikin ma'aikatan kula da lafiya na London., Houlihan, 2020	"An yi rajistar HCW masu haƙuri 200 tsakanin Maris 26 da Afrilu 8, 2020… yana wakiltar adadin kamuwa da cuta 13% (watau 14 na 112 HCWs) a cikin wata 1 na bibiya a cikin waɗanda ba su da alamun rigakafi ko zubar da kwayar cutar hoto a lokacin rajista. shiga, 33 ya kasance mara kyau ta hanyar RT-PCR ta hanyar bin diddigin, kuma ɗayan an gwada inganci ta RT-PCR akan kwanaki 32 da 8 bayan shiga.
24) Magungunan rigakafi zuwa SARS-CoV-2 suna da alaƙa da kariya daga sake kamuwa da cuta, Lumley, 2021	"Mahimmanci don fahimtar ko kamuwa da cuta tare da Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar ta Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) tana ba da kariya daga sake kamuwa da cuta…
25) Bincike na dogon lokaci yana nuna ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya mai ƙarfi da fa'ida bayan kamuwa da cuta ta SARS-CoV-2 tare da ci gaba da amsawar rigakafi da ƙwayoyin B da T., Cohen, 2021	“Kimanin marasa lafiya 254 na COVID-19 na tsawon lokaci har zuwa watanni 8 kuma sami ingantaccen martani mai ƙarfi na rigakafi. SARS-CoV-2 spike daure da neutralizing ƙwayoyin cuta suna nuna lalatawar bi-phasic tare da tsawan rabin rayuwa na> kwanaki 200 yana ba da shawarar ƙarni na rayuwa mai tsayi na tsawon kwanaki 19… nacewa bayan kamuwa da cuta, CD4 mai ɗorewa da sel CD8 T sun san takamaiman yankuna epitope na hoto.
26) Siffar tantanin halitta guda ɗaya na repertoires cell T da B suna bin rigakafin SARS-CoV-2 mRNA, Sureshchandra, 2021	"Amfani da jerin RNA guda ɗaya da kuma gwaje-gwajen aiki don kwatanta martanin ban dariya da salon salula zuwa allurai biyu na rigakafin mRNA tare da martanin da aka lura a cikin mutanen da ke da cutar asymptomatic…
27) SARS-CoV-2 antibody-positivity yana karewa daga sake haifuwa na aƙalla watanni bakwai tare da inganci 95%, Abu-Raddad, 2021	"SARS-CoV-2 antibody-tabbatacce mutane daga Afrilu 16 zuwa Disamba 31, 2020 tare da PCR-tabbatacce swab ≥14 kwanaki bayan da farko-tabbatacce antibody gwajin da aka gudanar don shaidar reinfection, 43,044 antibody-tabbatacce mutane da aka bi domin matsakaici na 16.3 kasa da kasa kamuwa da cuta kamuwa da cuta a Qatar. ba da kariya mai ƙarfi daga sake kamuwa da cuta tare da inganci ~ 95% na aƙalla watanni bakwai."
28) Orthogonal SARS-CoV-2 serological Assays Yana ba da damar sa ido kan al'ummomin da ba su da yawa da kuma Bayyana Dorewar rigakafi mai dorewa., Ripperger, 2020	"An gudanar da wani binciken serological don ayyana ma'anar rigakafi da SARS-CoV-2. Idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda ke da cututtukan ƙwayar cuta mai laushi na 2019 (COVID-19), mutanen da ke da mummunar cuta sun nuna haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta-neutralizing titers da ƙwayoyin rigakafi ga nucleocapsid (N) da mai karɓar mai ɗaukar yanki (RBD) na hana haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta. na akalla watanni 5-7… Kwayoyin rigakafin nucleocapsid akai-akai suna zama ba a iya gano su ta hanyar watanni 5-7.
29) Amsar anti-spike antibody ga cututtukan SARS-CoV-2 na halitta a cikin yawan jama'a, Wai, 2021	"A cikin yawan jama'a ta amfani da bayanan wakilai daga mahalarta binciken kamuwa da cutar COVID-7,256 na Burtaniya 19 wadanda suka sami ingantaccen gwajin SARS-CoV-2 PCR daga 26-Afrilu-2020 zuwa 14-Yuni-2021… mun kiyasta matakan rigakafin da ke da alaƙa da kariya daga kamuwa da cuta mai yiwuwa ya wuce shekaru 1.5-2 akan matsakaita, tare da haɓaka matakan rigakafi na shekaru da yawa. dabarun. "
30) Masu bincike sun sami rigakafi na dogon lokaci zuwa ƙwayar cuta ta 1918, CIDRAP, 2008 da ainihin Buga mujallar NATURE 2008 da Yu	"Binciken jinin tsofaffi da suka tsira daga kamuwa da cutar mura ta 1918 ya nuna cewa kwayoyin rigakafin cutar sun dade tsawon rayuwa kuma ana iya yin aikin injiniya don kare al'ummomi masu zuwa daga irin wannan nau'in. . Marubutan sun ba da rahoton cewa, kashi 32 cikin 91 na al'amuran suna da aiki na tsaka-tsaki a kan kwayar cutar ta 101 kuma 2% sun nuna rashin jin daɗi ga hemagglutinin na 12 Masu ba da gudummawa 1918 sun ba da ƙwayoyin rigakafin ɓoye waɗanda ke ɗaure hemagglutinin na 100. ” Yu: "A nan mun nuna cewa daga cikin mutane 1918 da aka gwada da aka haifa a cikin ko kafin 94, kowannensu ya nuna rashin amsawa tare da kwayar cutar ta 1918, kusan shekaru 7 bayan cutar. Kwayar cutar ta 8 daga masu ba da gudummawa daban-daban guda uku.
31) Gwajin kawar da kwayar cutar ta kai tsaye a cikin marasa lafiya da abubuwan da aka yi wa allurar rigakafin 19A, 20B, 20I/501Y.V1 da 20H/501Y.V2 na SARS-CoV-2, Gonzalez, 2021	"Ba a sami wani gagarumin bambanci tsakanin 20B da 19A keɓewa ga HCWs tare da m COVID-19 da m marasa lafiya. Duk da haka, an samu raguwa mai yawa a cikin ikon neutralization don 20I / 501Y.V1 idan aka kwatanta da 19A keɓe ga marasa lafiya masu mahimmanci da HCW na watanni 6 bayan kamuwa da cuta. Game da 20H / 501Y rage yawan ƙwayar cuta. Idan aka kwatanta da keɓewar 2A, abin sha'awa, an lura da babban bambanci a cikin ƙarfin neutralization don allurar rigakafin HCW tsakanin bambance-bambancen guda biyu yayin da ba shi da mahimmanci ga ƙungiyoyin convalescent… bincike mai ban mamaki na binciken."
32) Daban-daban na kashi na biyu na rigakafin SARS-CoV-2 mRNA akan rigakafin T cell a cikin butulci da COVID-19 da aka murmure., Kamara, 2021	"Sakamako na musamman SARS-CoV-2 spike-takamaiman humoral da rigakafin salula a cikin butulci da wadanda suka kamu da cutar a baya yayin cikakken rigakafin BNT162b2… sakamakon ya nuna cewa kashi na biyu yana haɓaka rigakafi da walwala da salon salula a cikin mutane butulci.
33) Op-Ed: Barin Yin watsi da Kariyar COVID ta Halitta, Klausner, 2021	“Masana cututtukan cututtuka sun yi kiyasin ya ƙare 160 mutane miliyan a duniya sun warke daga COVID-19. Wadanda suka murmure suna da ƙarancin maimaita kamuwa da cuta, cuta, ko mutuwa. ”
34) Ƙungiyar SARS-CoV-2 Seropositive Antibody Test Tare da Haɗarin kamuwa da cuta na gaba, Harvey, 2021	"Don kimanta shaidar kamuwa da cuta ta SARS-CoV-2 dangane da gwajin haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta (NAAT) tsakanin marasa lafiya da ke da sakamako mai kyau vs sakamakon gwaji mara kyau don rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin binciken kwatancen ƙungiyar bincike na dakin gwaje-gwaje na asibiti da bayanan da'awar… zubar da RNA, amma ya zama da alama yana da yuwuwar samun ingantaccen sakamakon NAAT akan lokaci, yana ba da shawarar cewa seropositivity yana da alaƙa da kariya daga kamuwa da cuta.
35) Sarrafa-CoV-2 seropositivity da haɗarin kamuwa da cuta mai zuwa a cikin samari masu lafiya: nazari mai zuwa, Letizia, 2021	"Bincika hadarin kamuwa da cutar SARS-CoV-2 mai zuwa a tsakanin matasa (CHARM marine binciken) mai cutarwa don kamuwa da cuta ta baya… sun shiga mahalarta 3249, wadanda 3168 (98%) sun ci gaba da keɓewar mako 2. SARS-CoV-3076 yayin bin makonni 95 (189 · 19 shari'o'i a kowace shekara-shekara). 10-sau ƙasa da na mahalarta seronegative masu kamuwa da cuta (ORF2ab bambancin yanayin zagaye na 6 · 1 [1% CI 1079 · 48-2247 · 6]; p = 2 · 0)."
36) Ƙungiyoyin Alurar riga kafi da kamuwa da cuta ta farko tare da ingantacciyar sakamakon gwajin PCR na SARS-CoV-2 a cikin Fasinjojin Jirgin da suka isa Qatar, Bertollini, 2021	"Daga cikin mutane 9,180 ba tare da rikodin allurar rigakafi ba amma tare da rikodin kamuwa da cuta kafin aƙalla kwanaki 90 kafin gwajin PCR (rukuni 3), 7694 za a iya daidaita su da mutanen da ba su da rikodin allurar rigakafi ko kamuwa da cuta ta farko (rukuni 2), waɗanda PCR positivity ya kasance 1.01% (95% CI, 0.80% CI, 1.26%) da 3.81% 95% -3.39%), bi da bi.
37) Kariyar dabi'a daga COVID-19 yana rage haɗarin sake kamuwa da cuta: bincike daga ƙungiyar mahalarta binciken sero, Misra, 2021	"An biyo shi da wani samfurin mahalarta binciken mu na baya don tantance ko rigakafi na halitta daga SARS-CoV-2 yana da alaƙa da rage haɗarin sake kamuwa da cuta (Indiya)… daga cikin mahalarta 2238, 1170 sun kasance masu cutarwa kuma 1068 sun kasance masu cutarwa ga rigakafin cutar ta COVID-19 kawai a cikin rukunin mu. COVID-3 yayin da mutane 19 suka ba da rahoton kamuwa da kamuwa da cutar rukunin sero-negative… daga cikin 127 sero-positives da suka sake kamuwa da COVID-3, an kwantar da mutum a asibiti, amma bai buƙaci tallafin oxygen ko kulawa mai mahimmanci ba… haɓaka maganin rigakafi bayan kamuwa da cuta na halitta ba wai kawai yana ba da kariya daga sake kamuwa da kwayar cutar zuwa ga mai girma ba, har ma da kariya daga cutar COVID-19.
38) An sami rigakafi na dindindin bayan murmurewa daga COVID-19, NIH, 2021	"Masu binciken sun sami amsawar rigakafi mai ɗorewa a yawancin mutanen da suka yi nazari. Kwayoyin rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta masu kariyar furotin na SARS-CoV-2, waɗanda kwayar cutar ke amfani da su don shiga cikin sel, an gano su a cikin kashi 98% na mahalarta wata daya bayan bayyanar cutar. Kwayoyin B na musamman sun karu a kan lokaci.
39) Martanin SARS-CoV-2 Na Halitta na Antibody Ya Dage na Aƙalla watanni 12 a cikin Nazarin Ƙasashen Duniya Daga Tsibirin FaroePetersen, 2021	"Yawan seropositive a cikin mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar ya kasance sama da kashi 95% a duk lokacin da ake yin gwaji na duka gwaje-gwajen kuma sun kasance masu karko na tsawon lokaci; wato, kusan dukkanin wadanda suka sami nasarar samar da kwayoyin cutar… sakamakon ya nuna cewa kwayoyin cutar SARS-CoV-2 sun ci gaba da kasancewa a kalla watanni 12 bayan bayyanar bayyanar cututtuka kuma watakila ma ya fi tsayi, yana nuna cewa za a iya kare COVID-19 daga mutane."
40) SARS-CoV-2-takamaiman ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta T tana dawwama a cikin marasa lafiya na COVID-19 na tsawon watanni 10 tare da nasarar haɓakar ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta kamar T., Jung, 2021	Ex vivo assays don kimanta takamaiman SARS-CoV-2 CD4⁺ da CD8⁺ Amsoshin T cell a cikin marasa lafiya na COVID-19 har zuwa kwanaki 317 bayan fara bayyanar cututtuka (DPSO), kuma sun gano cewa ana kiyaye martanin kwayar cutar T cell yayin lokacin binciken ba tare da la'akari da tsananin COVID-19 ba. Musamman, muna lura da aikin polyfunctionality mai dorewa da ƙarfin yaduwa na takamaiman sel na SARS-CoV-2. Daga cikin takamaiman SARS-CoV-2 CD4⁺ da CD8⁺ Kwayoyin T da aka gano ta alamomin kunnawa, adadin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta kamar T (T)_SCMsel suna ƙaruwa, suna kaiwa kusan 120 DPSO.
41) Ƙwaƙwalwar rigakafi a cikin Marasa lafiya COVID-19 mai sauƙi da masu ba da gudummawa da ba a bayyana ba suna Bayyana Amsoshin Takardun Kwayoyin T Bayan Cutar SARS-CoV-2, Ansari, 2021	"Bincike masu ba da gudummawar lafiya guda 42 da ba a fallasa lafiya da batutuwa 28 masu laushi na COVID-19 har zuwa watanni 5 daga murmurewa don takamaiman ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta ta SARS-CoV-2. Ta amfani da HLA class II annabta peptide megapools, mun gano SARS-CoV-2 giciye-reactive CD4⁺ Kwayoyin T a cikin kusan 66% na mutanen da ba a bayyana ba. Haka kuma, mun sami ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar rigakafin da za a iya ganowa a cikin marasa lafiya na COVID-19 masu rauni watanni da yawa bayan murmurewa a cikin mahimman makamai na rigakafi na daidaitawa; CD4⁺ Kwayoyin T da ƙwayoyin B, tare da ƙaramin taimako daga CD8⁺ Kwayoyin T. Abin sha'awa shine, ƙwaƙwalwar rigakafin rigakafi a cikin marasa lafiya na COVID-19 galibi ana niyya ne ga Spike glycoprotein na SARS-CoV-2. Wannan binciken yana ba da shaidar duka girman girman da aka rigaya ya kasance da ƙwaƙwalwar rigakafi a cikin yawan jama'ar Indiya. "
42) COVID-19 rigakafi na halitta, WHO, 2021	"Shaida na yanzu suna nuna yawancin mutane suna haɓaka haɓakar rigakafi mai ƙarfi bayan kamuwa da cuta ta dabi'a tare da SARSCoV-2. A cikin makonni 4 bayan kamuwa da cuta, 90-99% na mutanen da suka kamu da kwayar cutar ta SARS-CoV-2 suna haɓaka ƙwayoyin rigakafi da za a iya gano su. Ƙarfin da tsawon lokacin amsawar rigakafi ga SARS-CoV-2 ba a fahimta gaba ɗaya ba kuma bayanan da ake samu a halin yanzu suna nuna cewa ya bambanta da shekaru da bayyanar cututtuka na kimiyya. kasance da ƙarfi da kariya daga sake kamuwa da cuta na aƙalla watanni 6-8 bayan kamuwa da cuta (mafi tsayin bin diddigin shaidar kimiyya mai ƙarfi a halin yanzu kusan watanni 8).
43) Juyin Juyin Halitta bayan SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Alurar riga kafi, Cho, 2021	"Mun kammala cewa ƙwayoyin rigakafin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da aka zaɓa na tsawon lokaci ta hanyar kamuwa da cuta ta yanayi suna da ƙarfi da faɗi fiye da ƙwayoyin rigakafin da aka samu ta hanyar rigakafin… haɓaka mutanen da aka yi musu allurar tare da allurar rigakafin mRNA a halin yanzu zai haifar da haɓaka mai ƙima a cikin ayyukan kawar da plasma amma ba fa'ida mai inganci ba akan bambance-bambancen da aka samu ta hanyar alurar riga kafi."
44) Martanin rigakafi na Humoral ga SARS-CoV-2 a Iceland, Gudbjartsson, 2020	“Ana auna ƙwayoyin rigakafi a cikin samfuran magani daga mutane 30,576 a Iceland… na mutane 1797 da suka murmure daga kamuwa da cutar ta SARS-CoV-2, 1107 na 1215 da aka gwada (91.1%) sun kasance masu saurin kamuwa da cutar… (para)."
45) Ƙwaƙwalwar rigakafi zuwa SARS-CoV-2 an kimanta har zuwa watanni 8 bayan kamuwa da cuta, Dan, 2021	"An yi nazarin sassan da yawa na ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta zuwa SARS-CoV-2 a cikin samfuran 254 daga shari'o'in 188 COVID-19, gami da samfuran 43 a cikin watanni 6 bayan kamuwa da cuta…
46) Yawancin rigakafi na daidaitawa ga COVID-19 da sake dawowa bayan murmurewa - cikakken nazari na tsari da meta-bincike na mutane 12 011 447, Chivese, 2021	"Nazari hamsin da hudu, daga kasashe 18, tare da jimillar mutane 12 011 447, wadanda suka biyo baya har zuwa watanni 8 bayan murmurewa, an haɗa su. A cikin watanni 6-8 bayan murmurewa, yawancin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta ta SARS-CoV-2 ta kasance mai girma; IgG - 90.4%…² = 98.8, 9 karatu). Mutanen da suka murmure daga COVID-19 sun sami raguwar kashi 81% na saɓanin sake kamuwa da cuta (OR 0.19, 95% CI 0.1 - 0.3, I² = 90.5%, 5 karatu)."
47) Matsakaicin sake kamuwa da cuta a tsakanin marasa lafiya waɗanda a baya sun gwada inganci don COVID-19: Nazarin Ƙungiya mai Komawa., Sheehan, 2021	"Binciken na baya-bayan nan game da tsarin kiwon lafiya na asibitoci da yawa ya hada da marasa lafiya 150,325 da aka gwada don kamuwa da COVID-19… kafin kamuwa da cuta a cikin marasa lafiya tare da COVID-19 yana da kariya sosai daga sake kamuwa da cuta da cututtukan cututtuka. Wannan kariyar ta karu a tsawon lokaci, yana ba da shawarar cewa zubar da kwayar cutar kwayar cuta ko ci gaba da amsawar rigakafi na iya dagewa sama da kwanaki 90 kuma maiyuwa ba zai wakilci sake dawowa ba."
48) Kimantawa na sake kamuwa da SARS-CoV-2 Shekara 1 bayan kamuwa da cuta ta farko a cikin yawan jama'a a Lombardy, Italiya, Vitale, 2020	"Sakamakon binciken ya ba da shawarar cewa sake kamuwa da cuta wani lamari ne da ba kasafai ba kuma marasa lafiya da suka murmure daga COVID-19 suna da ƙananan haɗarin sake kamuwa da cuta. Kariyar halitta ga SARS-CoV-2 ya bayyana yana ba da tasirin kariya na aƙalla shekara guda, wanda yayi kama da kariyar da aka ruwaito a cikin binciken rigakafin kwanan nan."
49) Kafin kamuwa da cutar SARS-CoV-2 yana da alaƙa da kariya daga sake kamuwa da cutar, Hanat, 2021	"Ba mu lura da alamun bayyanar cututtuka ba a cikin ƙungiyar ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya… an kiyaye wannan rigakafin rigakafin sake kamuwa da cuta na aƙalla watanni 6… ƙimar ƙimar gwajin ta kasance 0% (0/128 [95% CI: 0-2.9]) a cikin waɗanda ke da kamuwa da cuta ta baya idan aka kwatanta da 13.7% (290/2115%) 95-12.3]) a cikin waɗanda ba tare da (P<0.0001 χ² test)."
50) Manufofin T Cell Amsoshi ga SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus a cikin mutane tare da COVID-19 Cuta da kuma daidaikun da ba a fallasa., Grifoni, 2020	"Amfani da nau'in HLA I da II annabta peptide "megapools," yana yaduwa takamaiman CD2 na SARS-CoV-8.⁺ da CD4⁺ An gano ƙwayoyin T a cikin ~ 70% da 100% na marasa lafiya na COVID-19, bi da bi. CD4⁺ Amsoshin T cell zuwa karu, babban makasudin yawancin ƙoƙarin rigakafin, sun kasance masu ƙarfi kuma suna da alaƙa da girman anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG da IgA titers. Sunadaran M, spike, da N kowannensu ya kai kashi 11% –27% na jimlar CD4⁺ amsawa, tare da ƙarin martanin da aka saba yi niyya nsp3, nsp4, ORF3a, da ORF8, da sauransu. Farashin CD8⁺ An gane ƙwayoyin T, spike da M, tare da aƙalla SARS-CoV-2 ORF guda takwas.
51) Blog din Daraktan NIH: Kwayoyin T na rigakafi na iya Ba da Kariya Mai Dorewa Daga COVID-19, Collins, 2021	"Yawancin binciken game da martanin rigakafi ga SARS-CoV-2, sabon coronavirus wanda ke haifar da COVID-19, ya mai da hankali kan samar da kwayar cutar. kwayoyin cutar. Amma, a zahiri, ƙwayoyin rigakafi da aka sani da ƙwayoyin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa T suma suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin ikon tsarin rigakafin mu don kare mu daga kamuwa da cuta da yawa, gami da - yanzu yana bayyana - COVID-19. Wani sabon bincike mai ban sha'awa game da waɗannan ƙwayoyin T ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya yana ba da shawarar cewa za su iya kare wasu mutanen da suka kamu da cutar ta SARS-CoV-2 ta hanyar tunawa da saduwa da sauran su a baya. coronavirus na mutane. Wannan na iya yuwuwar yin bayanin dalilin da yasa wasu mutane ke neman kawar da kwayar cutar kuma maiyuwa ba za su iya kamuwa da cutar ta COVID-19 mai tsanani ba."
52) Magungunan rigakafi masu ƙarfi a kan bambance-bambancen SARS-CoV-2 daban-daban kuma masu saurin yaduwa, Wang, 2021	"Binciken mu ya nuna cewa abubuwan da suka kamu da cutar a baya tare da bambance-bambancen kakannin kakanni na SARS-CoV-2 suna samar da ƙwayoyin rigakafi waɗanda ke keɓance VOCs masu tasowa tare da babban ƙarfin…
53) Me yasa bai kamata a buƙaci allurar COVID-19 ga Duk Amurkawa ba, Makary, 2021	"Bukatar allurar rigakafin a cikin mutanen da suka rigaya suna da rigakafi na halitta ba shi da wani tallafi na kimiyya. Duk da yake yin rigakafin waɗancan mutanen na iya zama da fa'ida - kuma hasashe ne mai ma'ana cewa allurar na iya ƙarfafa tsawon rigakafin su - don yin jayayya a zahiri cewa sun tilas yin allurar ba shi da bayanan sakamako na asibiti da za a yi amfani da shi. A zahiri, muna da bayanai akasin haka: Clinic Cleveland binciken ya gano cewa yin allurar rigakafi ga mutanen da ke da rigakafi bai kara musu kariya ba."
54) Bambance-bambancen da aka dade har yanzu na musamman na sel CD2+ T na SARS-CoV-8 na tsawon rai yayin jin daɗin COVID-19, Ma, 2021	"Ayyukan 21 da aka siffanta da kyau, masu ba da tallafi na dogon lokaci-samfurin masu ba da gudummawa waɗanda suka murmure daga COVID-19 mai sauƙi…biyan yanayin yanayin COVID-19 mai sauƙi, sel na musamman na SARS-CoV-2 ba kawai suna dagewa ba amma suna ci gaba da bambanta a cikin yanayin daidaitawa da kyau cikin kwanciyar hankali, cikin yanayin rayuwa mai dorewa."
55) Rage Ƙwararrun Kwayar cuta-Takamaiman Ƙwaƙwalwar Kwayoyin CD4 T a cikin Abubuwan Alurar riga kafi, Naniche, 2004	"Bayyana bayanan martaba na maganin rigakafin cutar kyanda (MV) da aka haifar da kwayar cutar antigen-specific T a tsawon lokaci tun lokacin alurar riga kafi. A cikin nazarin gicciye na batutuwa masu lafiya tare da tarihin maganin alurar riga kafi na MV, mun gano cewa MV-takamaiman CD4 da CD8 T za a iya ganowa har zuwa shekaru 34 bayan rigakafin CD da kuma matakan TCDs. MV-takamaiman IgG ya kasance barga, yayin da matakin MV-takamaiman CD8 T sel ya ragu sosai a cikin batutuwan da aka yi wa alurar riga kafi> shekaru 4 da suka gabata.
56) Tunawa da Abubuwan da suka gabata: Ƙwaƙwalwar Kwayoyin B na Tsawon Lokaci Bayan Kamuwa da Rigakafi, Dabino, 2019	"Nasarar allurar rigakafin ta dogara ne akan tsarawa da kiyaye ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar rigakafi. Tsarin rigakafi na iya tunawa da ƙwayoyin cuta da aka fuskanta a baya, kuma ƙwaƙwalwar B da T suna da mahimmanci a cikin martani na biyu ga kamuwa da cuta. Nazarin a cikin berayen sun taimaka wajen fahimtar yadda ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayoyin B cell daban-daban ke haifar da bayyanar antigen da kuma yadda kusanci ga antigen yana tabbatar da ƙimar B cell… Amsa. Ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ta dogara da farko akan ƙwayoyin rigakafi da LLPCs suka ɓoye.
57SARS-CoV-2 takamaiman ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya B-kwayoyin daga mutane masu nau'ikan cututtuka daban-daban sun gane bambance-bambancen damuwa na SARS-CoV-2., Liski, 2021	"Yi nazarin girma, faɗi, da dorewa na takamaiman ƙwayoyin rigakafi na SARS-CoV-2 a cikin sassan B-cell guda biyu: ƙwayoyin rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta na plasma da aka samu a cikin plasma, da ƙwayoyin B-ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya tare da bayanan bayanan antibody waɗanda aka haifar bayan. a vitro kara kuzari. Mun gano cewa girman ya bambanta tsakanin mutane, amma shine mafi girma a cikin batutuwan asibiti. Bambance-bambancen damuwa (VoC) -RBD-reactive antibodies an samo su a cikin plasma na 72% na samfurori a cikin wannan binciken, kuma VoC-RBD-reactive memory B-cells an samo su a cikin duka amma 1 batu a lokaci guda. Wannan binciken, cewa VoC-RBD-reactive MBCs suna kasancewa a cikin jini na kowane batutuwa ciki har da waɗanda suka sami asymptomatic ko rashin lafiya, yana ba da dalili na kyakkyawan fata game da ƙarfin allurar rigakafi, kamuwa da cuta ta farko, da / ko duka biyun, don iyakance tsananin cutar da watsa bambance-bambancen damuwa yayin da suke ci gaba da tasowa da yaduwa. ”
58) Bayyanawa ga SARS-CoV-2 yana haifar da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta ta T-cell idan babu kamuwa da ƙwayar cuta mai iya ganowa, Wang, 2021	"T-cell rigakafi yana da mahimmanci don murmurewa daga COVID-19 kuma yana ba da ƙarin rigakafi don sake kamuwa da cuta. Duk da haka, an san kadan game da takamaiman rigakafin T-cell na SARS-CoV-2 a cikin mutanen da suka kamu da kwayar cutar…⁺ da CD8⁺ Ƙwaƙwalwar T-cell a cikin marasa lafiyar COVID-19 da aka dawo da su da abokan hulɗa… na kusa suna iya samun rigakafin T-cell daga SARS-CoV-2 duk da rashin kamuwa da cuta da za a iya ganowa.
59) Martanin CD8+ T-Cell a cikin COVID-19 Convalescent daidaikun Mutane Suna Nufin Ƙaƙƙarfan Epitopes Daga Manyan Shahararrun Sarrafa Sarrafa-CoV-2., Redd, 2021 da Lee, 2021	"Maganin CD4 da CD8 da aka samar bayan kamuwa da cuta ta halitta daidai suke da ƙarfi, suna nuna aiki akan "epitopes" da yawa (kananan sassa) na furotin mai karu na ƙwayoyin cuta. Misali, ƙwayoyin CD8 suna amsawa 52 epitopes kuma sel CD4 suna amsawa 57 epitopes A duk faɗin furotin mai karu, ta yadda ƴan maye gurbi a cikin bambance-bambancen ba za su iya fitar da irin wannan ingantaccen martanin cell T ba… 1 kawai maye gurbin da aka samu a cikin bambance-bambancen Beta-karu wanda ya mamaye tare da wani nau'in da aka gano a baya (1/52), yana ba da shawarar cewa kusan duk anti-SARS-CoV-2 CD8+ martanin T-cell ya kamata su gane waɗannan sabbin bambance-bambancen T-cell.
60) Bayyanawa ga coronaviruses na sanyi na gama gari na iya koyar da tsarin rigakafi don gane SARS-CoV-2,La Jolla, Crotty da Sette, 2020	"Bayyana ga coronaviruses na sanyi na kowa na iya koyar da tsarin rigakafi don gane SARS-CoV-2"
61) Zaɓuɓɓukan da keɓaɓɓu kuma masu amsawa ta SARS-CoV-2 T tantanin halitta a cikin mutanen da ba a fallasa su, Mateus, 2020	"An gano cewa abin da ya kasance a baya game da SARS-CoV-2 ya fito ne daga sel T na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya kuma ƙwayoyin T masu ɗaukar nauyi na iya gane takamaiman SARS-CoV-2 epitope da kuma nau'in nau'in cutar sankara na gama gari.
62) Duban dogon lokaci na martanin rigakafin mutum na tsawon watanni 14 bayan kamuwa da cutar SARS-CoV-2, Dehgani-Mobaraki, 2021	"Mafi kyawun fahimta martanin antibody yaƙi da SARS-CoV-2 bayan kamuwa da cuta na halitta na iya ba da fa'ida mai mahimmanci game da aiwatar da gaba manufofin rigakafi. Tsayi bincike na IgG antibody titers An gudanar da shi a cikin majinyata 32 da aka murmure daga COVID-19 bisa tushen a cikin Umbria Yankin Italiya na tsawon watanni 14 bayan kamuwa da cuta mai sauƙi da matsakaicin matsakaici… Binciken binciken ya yi daidai da binciken kwanan nan da ke ba da rahoton dagewar rigakafin da ke nuna cewa haifar da rigakafi na SARS-CoV-2 ta hanyar kamuwa da cuta na halitta, na iya yin tasiri sosai ga sake kamuwa da cuta (> 90%) kuma yana iya dagewa sama da watanni shida. Bincikenmu ya biyo bayan marasa lafiya har zuwa watanni 14 yana nuna kasancewar anti-S-RBD IgG a cikin kashi 96.8% na abubuwan COVID-19 da aka dawo dasu. ”
63) Amsoshi na ban dariya da zagayawa follicular helper T cell a cikin marasa lafiya da aka murmure tare da COVID-19, Juni, 2020	"Halayen ban dariya da kewaya follicular mataimaki T cell (cTFH) rigakafi daga karu a cikin murmurewa marasa lafiya tare da coronavirus cuta 2019 (COVID-19). Mun gano cewa S-specific antibodies, memory B Kwayoyin da cTFH ne akai-akai elicited bayan SARS-CoV-2 kamuwa da cuta, demarking mai ƙarfi humorally rigakafi da ke da alaƙa da cutar ta plasma."
64) Matsakaicin martanin rigakafin mutum ga SARS-CoV-2 a cikin mutane masu ɗaukar nauyi, Robbiani, 2020	"Mutane 149 na COVID-19-convalescent… Tsarin rigakafin rigakafi ya bayyana haɓakar clones na sel musamman na ƙwaƙwalwar RBD waɗanda ke bayyana ƙwayoyin rigakafi masu alaƙa a cikin mutane daban-daban.₅₀ darajar) ƙasa da 2 ng ml^-1. "
65) Ƙarfafa haɓakar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta B zuwa SARS-CoV-2 spike da sunadaran nucleocapsid a cikin COVID-19 da kwanciyar hankali., Hartley, 2020	"Masu fama da cutar COVID-19 da sauri suna haifar da ƙwaƙwalwar sel B zuwa duka karu da antigens na nucleocapsid biyo bayan kamuwa da SARS-CoV-2… RBD- da takamaiman IgG da ƙwayoyin Bmem an gano su a cikin duk marasa lafiya 25 da ke da tarihin COVID-19."
66) Ya da COVID? Kila za ku yi maganin rigakafi har tsawon rayuwa, Callaway, 2021	"Mutanen da suka murmure daga COVID-19 mai laushi suna da sel-marrow na kasusuwa waɗanda za su iya fitar da ƙwayoyin rigakafi tsawon shekaru…
67) Yawancin manya da ba su kamu da cutar ba suna nuna tasirin antibody ɗin da ya gabata akan SARS-CoV-2, Majdubi, 2021	A cikin mafi girma Vancouver Kanada, "ta amfani da ƙima mai mahimmanci da ƙima mai kyau / mara kyau da aka kafa a cikin jarirai waɗanda ƙwayoyin rigakafin mahaifa suka ragu, mun ƙaddara cewa fiye da kashi 90% na manya waɗanda ba su kamu da cutar ba sun nuna amsawar antibody akan furotin mai karu, yankin mai karɓa (RBD), yankin N-terminal (NTD), ko furotin na nucleocapsid2 daga SARS-V.
68) SARS-CoV-2-reactive T Kwayoyin a cikin masu ba da gudummawa lafiya da marasa lafiya tare da COVID-19, Braun, 2020 Kasancewar sel na SARS-CoV-2-mai amsawa T a cikin marasa lafiya na COVID-19 da masu ba da gudummawa lafiya, Braun, 2020	"Sakamakon ya nuna cewa sel-protein cross-reactive T suna nan, waɗanda wataƙila an ƙirƙira su yayin haduwar da suka gabata tare da cututtukan coronaviruses." "Kasancewar sel na SARS-CoV-2-reactive T da suka rigaya a cikin wani yanki na SARS-CoV-2 naive HD yana da babban sha'awa."
69) Haɓakawa ta dabi'a ta kawar da nisa daga SARS-CoV-2 shekara guda bayan kamuwa da cuta, Wang, 2021	Tawagar mutane 63 da suka murmure daga COVID-19 an tantance su a watanni 1.3, 6.2 da 12 bayan kamuwa da cutar ta SARS-CoV-2…
70) Shekara guda bayan COVID-19 mai sauƙi: Yawancin Marasa lafiya suna Kula da Takamaiman rigakafi, Amma ɗaya cikin huɗu har yanzu suna fama da Alamomin Dogon Lokaci, Rank, 2021	"Ƙwaƙwalwar rigakafi mai dorewa mai dorewa akan SARS-CoV-2 bayan COVID-19 mai sauƙi… Binciken alamomin da aka haifar da kunnawa ya gano takamaiman ƙwayoyin T-helper da ƙwayoyin T-kwayoyin ƙwaƙwalwar tsakiya a cikin kashi 80% na mahalarta a bin watanni 12."
71) Farashin IDSA, 2021	"Maganin rigakafi ga SARS-CoV-2 biyo bayan kamuwa da cuta na dabi'a na iya dawwama na aƙalla watanni 11… kamuwa da cuta na halitta (kamar yadda aka ƙaddara ta ingantaccen rigakafin rigakafi ko sakamakon gwajin PCR) na iya ba da kariya daga kamuwa da SARS-CoV-2."
72) Kimanta kariya daga kamuwa da cuta tare da SARS-CoV-2 tsakanin mutane miliyan 4 da aka gwada PCR a Denmark a cikin 2020: nazarin matakin yawan jama'a, Holm Hansen, 2021	Denmark, "a lokacin tiyata na farko (watau kafin Yuni, 2020), an gwada mutane 533 381, daga cikinsu 11 727 (2·20%) sun kasance PCR tabbatacce, kuma 525 339 sun cancanci bibiyar a karo na biyu, wanda 11 068 (2 · 11%) sun gwada ingancin PCR na farko. na annoba, 72 (0 · 65% [95% CI 0 · 51-0 · 82]) gwada tabbatacce kuma a lokacin hawan na biyu idan aka kwatanta da 16 819 (3 · 27% [3 · 22-3 · 32]) na 514 271 wanda ya gwada rashin lafiya a lokacin farko na tiyata (daidaita RR 0 [195% 95] 0:155-0:246]).
73) Antigen-Specific Adaftan rigakafi ga SARS-CoV-2 a cikin Mummunan COVID-19 da Ƙungiyoyi masu Shekaru da Cutar Cutar, Modernbacher, 2020	"Maganin rigakafi na daidaitawa yana iyakance tsananin cutar COVID-19… da yawa hadewar makamai masu sarrafa rigakafi da yawa fiye da martanin juzu'i… sun kammala gwajin hadewar dukkan sassan uku na rigakafin daidaitawa a matakin takamaiman SARS-CoV-2-CD4.⁺ da CD8⁺ T cell da neutralizing antibody martani a cikin m da convalescent batutuwa. SARS-CoV-2-takamaiman CD4⁺ da CD8⁺ Kwayoyin T suna da alaƙa da ƙananan cututtuka. Haɗin kai SARS-CoV-2-takamaiman martani na rigakafi na daidaitawa suna da alaƙa da ƙananan cuta, suna ba da shawarar ayyuka ga duka CD4⁺ da CD8⁺ Kwayoyin T a cikin rigakafin kariya a cikin COVID-19. ”
74) Gano SARS-CoV-2-Takamaiman Humoral da Kariyar Hannun Hannu a cikin daidaikun mutane masu ɗaukar nauyi na COVID-19, Ni, 2020	"Jini da aka tattara daga marasa lafiya na COVID-19 waɗanda kwanan nan ba su da kwayar cutar, don haka aka sallame su, kuma an gano takamaiman SARS-CoV-2-takamaiman barkwanci da rigakafin salula a cikin sabbin marasa lafiya takwas da aka sallama. Binciken da aka yi a kan wani rukunin marasa lafiya shida makonni 2 bayan sallama ya kuma nuna babban titers na immunoglobulin G (IgG) rigakafin marasa lafiya da aka gwada, gwaje-gwajen marasa lafiya guda 14. a cikin gwajin shigarwa na pseudotype Musamman ma, an sami alaƙa mai ƙarfi tsakanin titers antibody da lambobin takamaiman ƙwayoyin T.
75) Ana kiyaye ƙaƙƙarfan rigakafin SARS-CoV-2 takamaiman T-cell a cikin watanni 6 bayan kamuwa da cuta ta farko., Zuo, 2020	"Bincike girman da nau'in nau'in amsawar rigakafin salula ta SARS-CoV-2 a cikin masu ba da gudummawa 100 a cikin watanni shida bayan kamuwa da cuta ta farko kuma ya danganta wannan da bayanin martabar matakin antibody akan karu, nucleoprotein da RBD a cikin watanni shida da suka gabata. Amsoshin T-cell na rigakafi ga SARS-CoV-2 sun kasance ta hanyar ELISPOT da / ko masu ba da gudummawa da ICS a cikin + duk bayanan da aka samu ta CD mai ƙarfi. Maganar IL-4 cytokine… na aikin SARS-CoV-2-takamaiman amsawar T-cell ana kiyaye su a cikin watanni shida bayan kamuwa da cuta.
76) Tasiri mara kyau na bambance-bambancen SARS-CoV-2 akan CD4⁺ da CD8⁺ T cell reactivity a cikin COVID-19 fallasa masu bayarwa da alluran rigakafi, Tarke, 2021	"An gudanar da cikakken bincike na musamman na SARS-CoV-2-takamaiman CD4+ da CD8+ T cell martani daga abubuwan COVID-19 da ke fahimtar nau'in kakannin kakanni, idan aka kwatanta da bambance-bambancen zuriyar B.1.1.7, B.1.351, P.1, da CAL.20C da na Zamani-1273 Pfizer/BioNTech (BNT162b2) COVID-19 alluran rigakafi… jerin mafi yawan kwayoyin halittar SARS-CoV-2 T ba su shafar maye gurbi da aka samu a cikin bambance-bambancen da aka bincika gabaɗaya, sakamakon ya nuna cewa CD4+ da CD8+ T tantanin halitta a cikin batutuwan COVID-19 ko COVID-19 ba su da tasiri.
77) Adadin sake kamuwa da cutar SARS-CoV-1 1000 zuwa 2 a cikin membobin babban mai ba da lafiya a Isra'ila: rahoton farko, Perez, 2021	Isra'ila, "cikin mutane 149,735 tare da ingantaccen gwajin PCR tsakanin Maris 2020 da Janairu 2021, 154 sun sami ingantattun gwaje-gwaje na PCR guda biyu aƙalla kwanaki 100, suna nuna adadin sake kamuwa da cuta na 1 ga 1000."
78) Dagewa da lalacewa na martanin rigakafin ɗan adam ga yanki mai ɗaure mai karɓar furotin na SARS-CoV-2 a cikin marasa lafiya na COVID-19., Yau, 2020	"Aunawa na plasma da/ko martanin rigakafin cutar jini ga yankin mai karɓar mai karɓa (RBD) na furotin (S) na SARS-CoV-2 a cikin 343 marasa lafiya na Arewacin Amurka da suka kamu da SARS-CoV-2 (wanda kashi 93% na buƙatar asibiti) har zuwa kwanaki 122 bayan bayyanar alamun bayyanar kuma idan aka kwatanta su da martani a cikin 1548 da aka samu samfurin maganin cutar sankara. Matakan marasa lafiya da suka wuce kwanaki 90 bayan bayyanar cutar, kuma an lura da su ne kawai a cikin ƙaramin adadin mutane.
79) Binciken tushen yawan jama'a na tsawon rayuwar SARS-CoV-2 antibody seropositivity a cikin Amurka, Alfego, 2021	"Don bin diddigin yawan jama'a na SARS-CoV-2 antibody seropositivity tsawon lokaci a duk faɗin Amurka ta amfani da bayanan lura daga rajistar dakin gwaje-gwaje na asibiti na marasa lafiya da aka gwada ta hanyar haɓakar acid nucleic acid (NAAT) da ƙididdigar serologic… samfurori daga mutane 39,086 da aka tabbatar da ingancin COVID-19… duka S da N SARS-CoV na iya ba da sakamako mai kariya na ɗan adam. Kwayoyin rigakafin rigakafin cutar COVID-2, tare da santsi da ke nuna adadin yawan jama'a ya kai 19% a cikin makonni uku, ba tare da la'akari da ko gwajin ya gano N ko S-antibodies mafi mahimmanci, wannan matakin na seropositivity ya ci gaba da ɗan lalacewa ta hanyar watanni goma bayan tabbataccen PCR.
80) Menene matsayin rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta tare da ɗorewa, ingantaccen martanin T-cell a cikin rigakafin kariya daga SARS-CoV-2? Hellerstein, 2020	"An sami ci gaba a cikin alamomin dakin gwaje-gwaje don SARS-CoV2 tare da gano epitopes akan CD4 da CD8 T-cell a cikin jini mai ɗaukar nauyi. Waɗannan ba su da ƙarancin rinjaye da furotin mai karu fiye da cututtukan cututtukan da suka gabata na coronavirus.
81) Faɗin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya mai ƙarfi CD4⁺ da CD8⁺ Kwayoyin T da SARS-CoV-2 suka haifar a cikin marasa lafiyar COVID-19 na Burtaniya, Peng, 2020	"Nazarin marasa lafiya 42 bayan murmurewa daga COVID-19, ciki har da 28 masu laushi da 14 masu tsanani, kwatanta martanin T cell zuwa na masu ba da gudummawar 16… Takamaiman martanin tantanin halitta na karu da ke da alaƙa da anti-Spike, anti-Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) da kuma anti-Nucleoprotein (NP) titre antibody titre…⁺ ku CD4⁺ Amsoshin T cell… clusters epitope immunodominant da peptides dauke da epitopes T cell da aka gano a cikin wannan binciken zai samar da kayan aiki masu mahimmanci don nazarin rawar ƙwayoyin T-kwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin sarrafawa da ƙuduri na cututtukan SARS-CoV-2."
82) Ingantacciyar rigakafi ta Cell T a cikin daidaikun mutane masu ɗauke da Asymptomatic ko M COVID-19, Sekine, 2020	Taswirar SARS-CoV-2-takamaiman ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar T Kwayoyin za su iya tabbatar da mahimmanci don kariya ta rigakafi na dogon lokaci daga COVID-19… martani, yana ba da shawarar cewa bayyanar halitta ko kamuwa da cuta na iya hana sake faruwa na mummunan COVID-2. ”
83) Ƙimar SARS-CoV-2-Takamaiman T Cell rigakafi da Ƙananan Matakan Anaphylatoxin Yayi Daidai da Ci gaban Cuta Mai Sauƙi a cikin Marasa lafiya COVID-19, Lafron, 2021	"Bayar da cikakken hoto na salon salula da martani na rigakafi na marasa lafiya na COVID-19 kuma tabbatar da cewa CD8 mai ƙarfi na polyfunctional.⁺ Amsoshin T cell suna haɗuwa tare da ƙananan matakan anaphylatoxin suna daidaita tare da ƙananan cututtuka."
84) SARS-CoV-2 T-cell epitopes suna bayyana nau'i-nau'i da kuma COVID-19 da aka haifar da T-cell, Nelde, 2020	"Aiki na farko da ke ganowa da kuma keɓance takamaiman SARS-CoV-2-takamaiman da keɓaɓɓiyar HLA I da HLA-DR T-cell epitopes a cikin SARS-CoV-2 convalescents (n = 180) da kuma waɗanda ba a bayyana ba (n = 185) da kuma tabbatar da dacewarsu ga rigakafi da cutar ta SARS-Covid-19-Covid-2. An bayyana martanin T-cell da aka rigaya a cikin kashi 81% na mutanen da ba a bayyana ba, da kuma tabbatar da kamanceceniya da coronaviruses na ɗan adam na yau da kullun sun ba da tushen aiki don rigakafin cutar sankarau a cikin kamuwa da cuta ta SARS-CoV-2… Martanin SARS-CoV-2 T-cell suna faruwa akan kamuwa da cuta mai aiki. ”
85) Karl Friston: har zuwa 80% ba ma mai saurin kamuwa da Covid-19, Sayers, 2020	“Sakamakon ya kasance wallafa Na wani binciken da ke ba da shawarar cewa kashi 40% -60% na mutanen da ba su kamu da cutar sankara ba suna da juriya a matakin T-cell daga sauran coronaviruse iri ɗaya kamar mura…
86) CD8⁺ Kwayoyin T na musamman don rigakafi na SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid epitope suna amsawa tare da zaɓin coronaviruses na yanayi., Lineburg, 2021	"Duba wuraren tafkunan peptide SARS-CoV-2 ya nuna cewa furotin nucleocapsid (N) ya haifar da amsawar rigakafi a cikin HLA-B7⁺ Mutanen da aka murmure daga COVID-19 waɗanda kuma ana iya gano su a cikin masu ba da gudummawar da ba a bayyana ba… tushen zaɓin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta T-cell don maganin rigakafi na SARS-CoV-2 da kuma abubuwan da ke tattare da shi daga coronaviruses na yanayi, yana ba da shawarar rigakafi mai dorewa. ”
87) SARS-CoV-2 genom-fadi taswira na CD8 T cell ganewa yana bayyana karfi immunodominance da kuma gagarumin CD8 T cell kunnawa a cikin COVID-19 marasa lafiya., Sani, 2020	“Masu cutar COVID-19 sun nuna karfin martanin kwayar halittar T, tare da kusan kashi 25% na duk CD8⁺ lymphocytes na musamman ga SARS-CoV-2-wanda aka samu na immunodominant epitopes, wanda aka samo daga ORF1 (budewar firam ɗin karatun 1), ORF3, da furotin Nucleocapsid (N). An lura da sa hannun mai ƙarfi na kunna ƙwayoyin T a cikin marasa lafiya na COVID-19, yayin da ba a ga kunna tantanin halitta T a cikin 'marasa fallasa' da 'haɗarin bayyanar' masu ba da gudummawa lafiya.
88) Daidaita Kariya daga Kariya na Halitta a cikin COVID-19 da aka murmure tare da Cikakkun Mutane masu Rigakafi: Bita na Tsari da Takaddun Bincike, Shenai, 2021	"Bita na tsarin da kuma tattara bayanan binciken asibiti har zuwa yau, (1) musamman kwatanta kariyar rigakafi ta halitta a cikin COVID-murmure da ingancin cikakken rigakafin cutar ta COVID-naive, da (2) ƙarin fa'idar allurar rigakafi a cikin COVID-murmurewa, don rigakafin kamuwa da cututtukan SARS-CoV-2 na gaba, kamuwa da cuta ta COVID-XNUMX a ƙalla, an nuna alamun cutar a cikin mutane. daidai da kariyar da aka bayar ta hanyar cikakken rigakafin cutar ta COVID-naïve akwai fa'ida mai sauƙi da haɓaka ga allurar rigakafin a cikin mutanen da aka murmure daga COVID;
89) Tasirin ChAdOx1nCoV-19 yayin hauhawar da ba a taɓa gani ba a cikin cututtukan SARS CoV-2, Satwik, 2021	"Binciken mabuɗin na uku shine cewa cututtukan da suka gabata tare da SARS-CoV-2 sun kasance masu kariya sosai daga duk sakamakon binciken, tare da tasirin 93% (87 zuwa 96%) da aka gani akan cututtukan cututtuka, 89% (57 zuwa 97%) akan matsakaici zuwa matsananciyar cuta da 85% (-9 zuwa 98%) akan ƙarin maganin oxygen.
90) SARS-CoV-2 takamaiman ƙwayoyin T da ƙwayoyin rigakafi a cikin kariyar COVID-19: nazari mai zuwaMolodtsov, 2021	"Bincika tasirin ƙwayoyin T da kuma ƙididdige matakan kariya na martanin rigakafi… 5,340 mazaunan Moscow an kimanta su don rigakafin rigakafi da martanin rigakafin salula ga SARS-CoV-2 kuma ana kula da su don COVID-19 har zuwa kwanaki 300. Maganin rigakafi da martanin salula sun haɗu da juna sosai, girman su ya bambanta da alaƙa da yanayin kariya ta kowane nau'in kamuwa da cuta. kuma ta mutanen da ke da ƙwayoyin rigakafi kaɗai… T ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin rashin ƙwayoyin rigakafi sun ba da matsakaicin matakin kariya.
91) Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Mai karɓar Rarraba Domain Juyin Juyin Halitta bayan Alurar mRNA, Cho, 2021	"Cutar SARS-CoV-2 yana haifar da martanin-cell B wanda ke ci gaba da haɓakawa aƙalla shekara guda.
92) Kinetics na watanni bakwai na rigakafi na SARS-CoV-2 da rawar rigakafin da suka rigaya sun kasance ga coronaviruses na ɗan adam, Ortega, 2021	"Tasirin rigakafin da aka rigaya ya kasance ga coronaviruses na ɗan adam wanda ke haifar da mura na gama gari (HCoVs), yana da mahimmanci don fahimtar rigakafin kariya ga COVID-19 da tsara dabarun sa ido masu inganci… asymptomatic fiye da mutane masu cutarwa don haka, ƙwayoyin rigakafin HCoVs waɗanda suka riga sun kasance suna iya samun tasirin kariya daga kamuwa da cutar SARS-CoV-150 da cutar COVID-73.
93) Immunodominant T-cell epitopes daga SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen suna bayyana ingantaccen rigakafin T-cell a cikin mutanen da ba a bayyana ba., Mahajjan, 2021	"Bincike ya nuna cewa SARS-CoV-2 masu amsawa T-cell na iya kasancewa a cikin mutane da yawa saboda kamuwa da cutar mura da ƙwayoyin cuta na CMV."
94) Neutralizing Antibody Amsoshi ga Mummunan Ciwon Hankali Mai Mutuwar Cutar Coronavirus 2 a cikin Cutar Coronavirus 2019 Marasa lafiya da Masu Rarraba, Wang, 2020	"An tattara samfuran jini 117 daga majinyata 70 na COVID-19 da marasa lafiya… an gano ƙwayoyin rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta har ma a farkon matakin cutar, kuma an nuna gagarumin martani ga marasa lafiya."
95) Ba kawai ƙwayoyin rigakafi ba: Kwayoyin B da ƙwayoyin T suna daidaita rigakafi ga COVID-19, Cox, 2020	"Rahotanni da ke cewa ba a kula da ƙwayoyin rigakafi ga SARS-CoV-2 a cikin maganin bayan murmurewa daga kwayar cutar ya haifar da ƙararrawa…
96) T cell rigakafi ga SARS-CoV-2 bin kamuwa da cuta na halitta da kuma alurar riga kafi, DiPiazza, 2020	"Ko da yake ana iya tantance ƙarfin T cell zuwa SARS-CoV-2, bayanan yanzu da kuma gogewar da ta gabata daga kamuwa da cutar ɗan adam tare da sauran CoVs suna nuna yuwuwar dagewa da kuma ikon sarrafa kwafin kwayar cutar kwayar cuta da cuta mai masaukin baki, da mahimmanci a cikin rigakafin rigakafin cutar."
97) Tsare-tsare na rigakafi na kwayar cutar SARS-CoV-2 B bayan cuta mai laushi ko mai tsanani, Ogega, 2021	"Nazari da yawa sun nuna asarar ƙwayar cuta mai tsanani na ƙwayar cuta ta coronavirus 2-specific (SARS-CoV-2-specific) rigakafi na tsawon lokaci bayan kamuwa da cuta, yana haifar da damuwa cewa rigakafin rashin lafiya daga ƙwayar cuta ba ta dawwama. Kariya mai ban dariya ko da ma kwayar cutar kwayar cutar ta ki… bayanai sun nuna cewa yawancin mutanen da suka kamu da SARS-CoV-2019 suna haɓaka takamaiman S-RBD-takamaiman, rMBCs-switched rMBCs waɗanda suke kama da germinal cibiyar-samuwar ƙwayoyin B waɗanda aka haifar ta ingantaccen rigakafin rigakafi ga sauran ƙwayoyin cuta, suna ba da shaida don dorewa B cell-matsakaici ko kamuwa da cutar SARS-Community.
98) Amsoshin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar T cell da ke yin niyya ga coronavirus na SARS sun ci gaba har zuwa shekaru 11 bayan kamuwa da cuta., Ng, 2016	"Duk bayanan da aka samu na ƙwaƙwalwar T cell an gano sunadaran sunadaran tsarin SARS-Co-V… an gano waɗannan martanin sun ci gaba har zuwa shekaru 11 bayan kamuwa da cuta… sanin dagewar takamaiman rigakafin ƙwayar cuta ta SARS da ke niyya da sunadaran tsarin hoto a cikin mutanen da aka murmure na SARS yana da mahimmanci."
99) Daidaitaccen rigakafi ga SARS-CoV-2 da COVID-19, Saita, 2021	"Tsarin rigakafi na daidaitawa yana da mahimmanci don sarrafa yawancin cututtukan ƙwayar cuta. Abubuwan asali guda uku na tsarin rigakafi masu daidaitawa sune ƙwayoyin B (tushen ƙwayoyin rigakafi), sel CD4+ T, da CD8+ T ... hoto ya fara fitowa wanda ke nuna cewa ƙwayoyin CD4+ T, CD8+ T, da neutralizing ƙwayoyin rigakafi duk suna ba da gudummawa ga sarrafa SARS-CoV-2 a cikin marasa lafiya na COVID19.
100) Farkon shigar da ƙwayoyin T-takamaiman SARS-CoV-2 na aiki suna da alaƙa da saurin kawar da kwayar cuta da cuta mai laushi a cikin marasa lafiya na COVID-19., Tan, 2021	"Wadannan binciken suna ba da tallafi ga ƙimar tsinkaya na farkon aikin SARS-CoV-2-takamaiman sel T tare da mahimman abubuwan da ke haifar da ƙirar allura da sa ido kan rigakafi."
101) SARS-CoV-2 - takamaiman CD8⁺ Amsoshin T cell a cikin mutane masu cutar COVID-19, Karda, 2021	"An yi amfani da tsarin tetramer peptide-MHC da yawa don tantance alamun ɗan takarar SARS-CoV-408 2 don CD8⁺ Ƙimar T cell a cikin samfurin yanki na 30 coronavirus cuta 2019 convalescent daidaikun mutane… Modelling ya nuna haɗin kai da haɓakar amsawar rigakafi wanda ke nuna raguwar kumburi, haɓakar neutralizing antibody titer, da bambance-bambancen takamaiman CD8⁺ T cell amsa. Gabaɗaya, ƙwayoyin T sun ba da bambance-bambance daban-daban zuwa cikin tantanin halitta da kuma jihohin ƙwaƙwalwar wucin gadi (sassa), waɗanda ke iya zama mabuɗin don haɓaka kariya mai dorewa."
102) S Protein-Reactive IgG da Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwaƙwalwa na Ƙadda ) na Ƙarƙatawa na Ƙarfafawa na Ƙarfafawa na Ƙarfafawa na Ƙarfafawa na Ƙarfafawa na Ƙarfafawa na Ƙarfafawa na Ƙarfafawa na Ƙarfafawa na Ƙarfafawa na Ƙarfafawa na Ƙarfafawa na Ƙarfafawa na Ƙarfafawa na B ) da Ƙarfafawa na Ƙwaƙwalwa na B na Ƙarfafawa na Ƙarfafawa na Ƙarfafawa na Ƙarfafawa na B na Ƙarfafawa na B suka yi bayan Cutar Cutar SARS-CoV-2 ta Haɗa Babban Reactivity ga S2 Subunit., Nguyen-Contant, 2021	"Mafi mahimmanci, mun nuna cewa kamuwa da cuta yana haifar da IgG da IgG MBCs a kan sabon yanki mai ɗaure mai karɓa da kuma rukunin S2 da aka adana na furotin na SARS-CoV-2. Don haka, koda matakan rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta sun ragu, MBCs masu tsayi suna kasancewa don yin sulhu cikin sauri samar da rigakafi.
103) Dagewar Antibody da Amsoshi na rigakafi na Cellular a cikin Cutar Coronavirus 2019 Marasa lafiya Sama da Watanni Tara Bayan Kamuwa, Yau, 2021	"Bincike na yanki don tantance takamaiman ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta ta T da B a cikin cutar coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) marasa lafiya har zuwa kwanaki 343 bayan kamuwa da cuta…… Kwayoyin rigakafi da ke gaba da yankin mai karɓa da kuma maye gurbin ƙwayoyin cuta-neutralizing ƙwayoyin cuta…SARS-CoV-90-specific IgG+ memory B cell da interferon-γ-asiri T cell martani an gano su a cikin fiye da 60% na marasa lafiya… coronavirus 2-takamaiman ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar rigakafi ta ci gaba a yawancin marasa lafiya kusan shekara 70 bayan kamuwa da cuta, wanda ke ba da dabarun rigakafin kamuwa da cuta.
104) Immunity na SARS-CoV-2 da aka samu ta dabi'a yana dawwama har tsawon watanni 11 bayan kamuwa da cuta., De Giorgi, 2021	"Bincike mai yiwuwa, na tsayin daka na masu ba da gudummawar jini na COVID-19 a cikin lokaci da yawa a cikin tsawon watanni 11 don sanin yadda yaduwar matakan rigakafi ke canzawa kan lokaci bayan kamuwa da cuta ta dabi'a… bayanai sun ba da shawarar cewa ana samun ƙwaƙwalwar rigakafi a yawancin mutanen da suka kamu da cutar ta SARS-CoV-2 kuma ana samun su a yawancin marasa lafiya."
105) Rage Yaɗuwar Kwayoyin rigakafin cutar kyanda bayan Alurar riga kafi - Rata mai yuwuwa a cikin Kariyar kyanda a cikin Manya a Jamhuriyar Czech, Smetana, 2017	"Yawancin lokaci mai yawa na seropositivity yana ci gaba bayan kamuwa da cutar kyanda. Sabanin haka, yana raguwa da lokaci bayan allurar.
106) Yaduwar ƙwayoyin rigakafi masu amsawa sun mamaye martanin tantanin halitta B na ɗan adam akan kamuwa da cutar murar H2009N1 na 1., Wrammert, 2011	"Faɗaɗar waɗannan nau'ikan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar ƙwayoyin B na iya bayyana dalilin da yasa yawancin mutane ba su kamu da rashin lafiya mai tsanani ba, ko da a cikin rashi na rigakafi na rigakafi da aka rigaya"… an sami "mafi mahimmanci" rigakafi a cikin jinin mutane tara waɗanda suka kamu da murar alade ta dabi'a kuma suka warke daga cutar. Rage-tsaye a kan epitopes a cikin hemagglutinin (HA) da kuma babban yanki na nau'ikan mura masu yawa.
107) Sake Kamuwa Tare da Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar ta Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) a cikin Marasa lafiya da ke Gudanar da Gwajin Serial Laboratory, Qureshi, 2021	"An gano sake kamuwa da cuta a cikin 0.7% (n = 63, 95% tazarar amincewa [CI]: .5% -.9%) yayin bin marasa lafiya 9119 tare da kamuwa da cutar SARS-CoV-2."
108) Bambance-bambancen rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta da martanin ƙwayoyin sel B a cikin SARS-CoV-2 butulci da waɗanda aka dawo dasu sakamakon rigakafin mRNA, Goel, 2021	A cikin SARS-CoV-33 da aka dawo da mutane da aka dawo da su, ƙwayoyin rigakafi da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta ta B sun sami haɓaka sosai bayan kashi na farko na rigakafin; duk da haka, babu wani karuwa a cikin ƙwayoyin cuta masu yaduwa, ƙwayoyin rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta, ko ƙwayoyin rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta na biyu. ingantacciyar haɓakawa bayan kashi na farko na allurar rigakafi yana da alaƙa mai ƙarfi tare da matakan sel B ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya a cikin mutane da aka dawo dasu, gano mahimmin rawar don ƙwayoyin B ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya a haɓaka abubuwan tunawa ga SARS-CoV-2 antigens. ”
109) Covid-19: Shin mutane da yawa suna da riga-kafin riga-kafi? Doshi, 2020	"Nazari shida sun ba da rahoton amsawar T cell game da SARS-CoV-2 a cikin kashi 20% zuwa 50% na mutanen da ba su da masaniya game da kwayar cutar… "Hasashenmu, ba shakka, shine ana kiransa 'comon cold' coronaviruses, saboda suna da alaƙa… da gaske mun nuna cewa wannan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ce ta gaskiya kuma an samo ta ne daga ƙwayoyin cuta na gama gari."
110) Wanda ya riga ya kasance kuma de novo rigakafi na ban dariya ga SARS-CoV-2 a cikin mutane, Ng, 2020	"Muna nuna kasancewar riga-kafi na barkwanci a cikin mutanen da ba su kamu da cutar ba kuma ba a fallasa su ga sabon coronavirus. An gano ƙwayoyin rigakafin SARS-CoV-2 S-reactive da sauri ta hanyar ingantaccen tsarin cytometry a cikin SARS-CoV-2-wanda ba ya kamu da cutar kuma ya zama ruwan dare musamman a cikin yara da matasa."
111) Phenotype na SARS-CoV-2-takamaiman ƙwayoyin T-cell a cikin marasa lafiya na COVID-19 masu fama da matsanancin damuwa na numfashi, Weiskopf, 2020	"Mun gano takamaiman SARS-CoV-2 CD4⁺ da CD8⁺ Kwayoyin T a cikin 100% da 80% na marasa lafiya COVID-19, bi da bi. Mun kuma gano ƙananan matakan SARS-CoV-2-mai amsawa T-cell a cikin kashi 20% na kulawar lafiya, ba a taɓa fallasa su ga SARS-CoV-2 ba kuma yana nuna alamar amsawa saboda kamuwa da cuta tare da 'sanyi na yau da kullun'.
112) Kariyar riga-kafi ga SARS-CoV-2: sanannun da waɗanda ba a sani ba, Saita, 2020	"An lura da amsawar T cell game da SARS-CoV-2 a cikin mutanen da ba a fallasa su…
113) Kariyar riga-kafi daga asalin aladu H1N1 ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin yawan jama'a., Greenbaum, 2009	"Tsarin rigakafi na T-cell akan S-OIV yana kasancewa a cikin yawan jama'a kuma irin wannan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar tana da girman kamanni kamar ƙwaƙwalwar da aka rigaya ta kasance a kan cutar H1N1 ta yanayi… kiyaye babban juzu'i na epitopes T-cell yana nuna cewa tsananin kamuwa da S-OIV, har zuwa lokacin da aka ƙaddara, ƙwayoyin cuta ba za su iya kamuwa da cutar ba.
114) Tsarin rigakafi na salula yana da alaƙa da kariya daga kamuwa da cutar mura, Sridhar, 2013	"Cutar cutar ta 2009 H1N1 (pH1N1) ta ba da wani gwaji na musamman na halitta don sanin ko rigakafin ƙwayar cuta ta salula yana iyakance cutar bayyanar cututtuka a cikin mutane masu rashin ƙarfi… (IFN-γ)(+) interleukin-8 (IL-2) (-) CD2 (+) T Kwayoyin (r = -8, P = 0.6)… CD0.004 (+) T Kwayoyin musamman ga ƙwayoyin cuta masu kamuwa da cuta waɗanda ke da alaƙa da kariyar giciye daga kamuwa da mura.
115) Kwayoyin CD4+ T da aka rigaya sun kamu da mura suna da alaƙa da kariyar cuta daga ƙalubalen mura a cikin mutane.Wilkinson, 2012	Mun gudanar da binciken kamuwa da cutar mura a cikin masu aikin sa kai masu lafiya ba tare da gano ƙwayoyin rigakafi ga ƙalubalen ƙwayoyin cuta H3N2 ko H1N1… Taswirar T cell game da mura kafin da lokacin kamuwa da cuta… an sami karuwa mai yawa a cikin takamaiman ƙwayoyin cutar mura da ƙwayoyin T cell yayin da samfurin antibo ya bayyana gaba ɗaya. wanda ba a iya gano shi ba CD7+, amma ba CD4+ ba, ƙwayoyin T masu amsawa ga ƙwayoyin cuta na ciki suna da alaƙa da zubar da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta da rashin lafiya mai tsanani.
116) Maganganun rigakafi na maganin ƙwayar cuta ga ƙwayar cutar mura A (H1N1) bayan allurar rigakafin mura ta yanayi., CDC, MMWR, 2009	"Babu wani karuwa a cikin amsawar rigakafi ga ƙwayar cutar mura A (H1N1) a tsakanin manya masu shekaru> 60. Wadannan bayanan sun nuna cewa karbar maganin mura na zamani (2005-2009) ba zai iya haifar da amsawar rigakafi ga cutar mura A (H1N1) ba."
117) Babu wanda yake butulci: mahimmancin rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta na T-cell, Wales, 2002	"Memory T Kwayoyin da ke da takamaiman ƙwayoyin cuta guda ɗaya na iya zama kunnawa yayin kamuwa da cuta tare da kwayar cutar heterologous da ba ta da alaƙa, kuma tana iya samun matsayi a cikin rigakafi da rigakafin rigakafi. Hanyar kowace kamuwa da cuta tana tasiri ta wurin ajiyar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar T-cell wanda tarihin mai masaukin baki na cututtukan da suka gabata ya shimfiɗa, kuma tare da kowane kamuwa da cuta mai zuwa, ƙwaƙwalwar T-cell zuwa abubuwan da aka saba fuskanta a baya.
118) Bayyanar Intrafamilial ga SARS-CoV-2 yana haifar da Amsar rigakafin ƙwayar cuta ta salula ba tare da juzu'i ba., Gallais, 2020	Mutanen da ke cikin gidajen da ke da majinyata na COVID-19, sun ba da rahoton alamun COVID-19 amma sakamakon serology daban-daban… Duk marasa lafiya index sun murmure daga COVID-19 mai laushi. Dukkanin sun haɓaka ƙwayoyin rigakafi na SARS-CoV-2 da kuma amsawar T cell mai mahimmanci wanda aka gano har zuwa kwanaki 69 bayan bayyanar alamun bayyanar. SARS-CoV-19 seronegative… fallasa zuwa SARS-CoV-1 na iya haifar da takamaiman ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta T cell ba tare da jujjuyawar ƙwayar cuta ba.
119) Kariyar kariya bayan murmurewa daga kamuwa da cutar SARS-CoV-2, Kojima, 2021	"Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa ƙwayoyin rigakafi ba su da cikakkiyar tsinkayar kariya. Bayan alluran rigakafi ko kamuwa da cuta, yawancin hanyoyin rigakafi suna wanzuwa a cikin mutum ba kawai a matakin antibody ba, har ma a matakin rigakafi na salula. Bambance-bambancen ganewar kwayar cutar T-cell yana aiki don haɓaka kariya ga bambance-bambancen SARS-CoV-2, tare da sanin aƙalla alpha (B.2), beta (B.2), da bambance-bambancen gamma (P.2) na SARS-CoV-1.1.7 masu bincike sun kuma gano cewa mutanen da suka murmure daga sel zuwa 1.351 na ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta. Sunadaran SARS-CoV shekaru 1 bayan fashewar hakan, martanin ƙwaƙwalwar B-cell ga SARS-CoV-2 yana haɓaka tsakanin 2002 · 03 da 17 · 2 watanni bayan kamuwa da cuta, wanda ya yi daidai da kariya ta dogon lokaci.
120) Wannan 'super antibody' na COVID yana yaƙar coronaviruses da yawa, Kwan, 2021	"Wannan 'super antibody' na COVID yana yaƙi da coronaviruses da yawa… 12 rigakafi… waɗanda ke da hannu a cikin binciken, keɓe daga mutanen da suka kamu da cutar ta SARS-CoV-2 ko danginsa na kusa SARS-CoV."
121) Cutar SARS-CoV-2 tana haifar da ci gaba da amsawar rigakafi na ban dariya a cikin marassa lafiya bayan alamun COVID-19, Wu, 2020	"A hade tare, bayananmu sun nuna dorewar rigakafi na ban dariya a cikin marasa lafiya da aka dawo da su da ke fama da alamun COVID-19, suna ba da shawarar rigakafi mai tsawo."
122) Shaida don ci gaba da ci gaban mucosal da martani na rigakafi na tsarin ga antigens SARS-CoV-2 a cikin marasa lafiya na COVID-19, Isho, 2020	"Yayinda magungunan anti-CoV-2 IgA suka lalace cikin sauri, ƙwayoyin rigakafi na IgG sun kasance da kwanciyar hankali har zuwa kwanaki 115 PSO a cikin duka biofluids. Mahimmanci, an danganta martanin IgG a cikin saliva da serum, yana ba da shawarar cewa ƙwayoyin rigakafi a cikin saliva na iya zama ma'auni na rigakafi na tsarin."
123) Amsar T-cell ga SARS-CoV-2: yanayin motsi da ƙididdigewa da shari'ar rawar da suke takawa., Bertoletti, 2021	"Bayyanawar farko, ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun abubuwa da ayyuka na takamaiman ƙwayoyin sel na SARS-CoV-2 suna da alaƙa da haɓakar ƙwayar cuta kuma tare da kariya daga mummunan COVID-19."
124) Dogayen kinetics na ƙwayoyin rigakafi a cikin COVID-19 sun murmure marasa lafiya sama da watanni 14, Iran, 2020	"An sami raguwa cikin sauri a cikin alluran rigakafi idan aka kwatanta da marasa lafiya da aka dawo da su suna ba da shawarar cewa ƙwaƙwalwar serological bayan kamuwa da cuta ta halitta ta fi ƙarfi idan aka kwatanta da alurar riga kafi. Bayananmu sun nuna bambance-bambance tsakanin ƙwaƙwalwar serological da ke haifar da kamuwa da cuta ta yanayi vs.
125) Ci gaba da Tasirin rigakafin COVID-19 tsakanin Ma'aikatan Kiwon Lafiya na Birane yayin Rikicin Delta Bambancin, Laraba, 2021	"Bayan yawan jama'ar Massachusetts HCWs… ba mu sami sake kamuwa da cuta a tsakanin waɗanda ke da COVID-19 na baya ba, wanda ya ba da gudummawa ga kwanaki 74,557 na sake kamuwa da cutar, yana ƙara tushen shaida don ƙarfin rigakafin da aka samu ta zahiri."
126) Kariya ga COVID-19 a Indiya ta hanyar rigakafi da kamuwa da cuta na halitta, Sarraf, 2021	"Idan aka kwatanta maganin alurar riga kafi da ke haifar da bayanin martabar rigakafi da na kamuwa da cuta na halitta, ana yin la'akari da shi idan mutanen da suka kamu da cutar a lokacin tashin farko sun riƙe takamaiman rigakafin cutar… gabaɗayan martanin rigakafin da ke haifar da kamuwa da cuta na halitta a ciki da kewayen Kolkata ba wai kawai zuwa wani matakin da aka samu ta hanyar allurar rigakafin ba, musamman a yanayin bambance-bambancen Delta, amma tantanin halitta ya ba da kariya ga kamuwa da cuta a cikin watanni goma da suka gabata.
127) Cutar asymptomatic ko mai laushi ta SARS-CoV-2 kamuwa da cuta tana haifar da ɗorewa mai ɗorewa da martani ga yara da matasa., Garrido, 2021	"Kimanin martanin rigakafi na ban dariya a cikin yara 69 da matasa tare da asymptomatic ko m bayyanar cututtuka na SARS-CoV-2 kamuwa da cuta. Mun gano m IgM, IgG, da kuma IgA antibody martani ga wani m tsararru na SARS-CoV-2 antigens a lokacin m kamuwa da cuta da kuma 2 da 4 watanni da kamuwa da cuta, ba tare da kamuwa da cuta a cikin jiki. Ayyukan da har yanzu ana iya gano su watanni 4 bayan kamuwa da cuta mai tsanani a cikin kashi 94% na yara kuma, martanin antibody da aikin neutralizing a cikin sera daga yara da matasa sun kasance daidai da waɗanda aka lura a cikin sera daga manya 24 tare da kamuwa da cuta mai sauƙi tare, waɗannan binciken sun nuna cewa yara da matasa masu rauni ko asymptomatic na iya haifar da kariya daga kamuwa da cuta. reinfection."
128Amsa T cell zuwa kamuwa da cuta ta SARS-CoV-2 a cikin mutane: nazari na yau da kullun, Shrotri, 2021	"Lambobin cutar COVID-19 na manya masu alamun alamun suna nuna ci gaba na T cell lymphopenia, wanda ke da alaƙa da haɓakar ƙwayar cuta, tsawon yanayin RNA, da rashin rayuwa; yayin da cututtukan asymptomatic da na yara suna nuna ƙididdiga masu ƙarfi. An nuna martanin tantanin halitta T-giciye a cikin manya waɗanda ba a fallasa su ba kuma waɗanda ba su kamu da cutar ba, amma mahimmancin kariya da kamuwa da cuta, bi da bi, ba a bayyana ba. ”
129) Tsananin sake kamuwa da cutar SARS-CoV-2 kamar yadda aka kwatanta da cututtukan farko, Abu-Raddad, 2021	"Reinfections yana da 90% ƙananan rashin daidaituwa na haifar da asibiti ko mutuwa fiye da cututtuka na farko. Kwayoyin cututtuka guda hudu sun kasance masu tsanani don kai ga asibiti mai kulawa. Babu wanda ya kai ga asibiti a cikin ICU, kuma babu wanda ya ƙare a mutuwa. Reinfections sun kasance da wuya kuma sun kasance masu sauƙi, watakila saboda tsarin rigakafi na farko bayan kamuwa da cuta ta farko."
130) Ƙimar Haɗarin Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Kwalara ta Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Abu-Raddad, 2021	"Sake kamuwa da cutar SARS-CoV-2 na iya faruwa amma wani lamari ne da ba kasafai ba yana ba da shawarar rigakafin kariya daga sake kamuwa da cutar da ke ɗaukar akalla 'yan watanni bayan kamuwa da cuta ta farko."
131) Haɗarin kamuwa da cuta tare da SARS-CoV-2 Beta, Gamma, da bambance-bambancen Delta idan aka kwatanta da bambancin Alpha a cikin mutanen da aka yi wa alurar riga kafi., Andeweg, 2021	"An binciko samfuran SARS-CoV-28,578 2 da aka jera daga mutane tare da sanannun matsayin rigakafin da aka samu ta hanyar gwajin al'umma na ƙasa a cikin Netherlands daga Maris zuwa Agusta 2021. Sun sami shaidar "ƙarin haɗarin kamuwa da cuta ta Beta (B.1.351), Gamma (P.1), ko Delta (B.1.617.2) bambance-bambancen Alpha bayan bambance-bambancen 1.1.7. maganin alurar riga kafi. Ba a sami bambance-bambance ba tsakanin alluran rigakafi. Koyaya, tasirin ya fi girma a cikin kwanaki 14-59 na farko bayan cikakken rigakafin idan aka kwatanta da kwanaki 60 kuma ya fi tsayi. Ya bambanta da rigakafin da ke haifar da rigakafi, ba a sami ƙarin haɗarin sake haifuwa tare da bambance-bambancen Beta, Gamma ko Delta dangane da bambance-bambancen Alpha a cikin mutanen da ke da rigakafin kamuwa da cuta."
132) Kafin COVID-19 yana ba da kariya daga sake kamuwa da cuta, koda kuwa babu ƙwayoyin rigakafi da ake iya ganowa, Numfashi, 2021	"Binciken bai magance ko kamuwa da cuta kafin kamuwa da cuta yana da kariya idan ba a iya gano martanin rigakafi na ban dariya ba. Marasa lafiya da ke fama da rashin lafiya na farko ko na sakandare da rage ko rashi ƙwayoyin B na iya murmurewa daga COVID-19… Magungunan rigakafi suna da alaƙa da rage tsananin cutar da ke ba da shawarar tsarin rigakafi na iya samun raguwa mai yawa ko ramuwa bayan COVID-2… sakamakonmu yana ƙara zuwa ga shaidar da ta bayyana cewa maganin rigakafin ƙwayar cuta na iya zama alamar kariyar da ba ta cika ba daga sake kamuwa da cuta. Yawancin marasa lafiya na gaske ba su da maganin rigakafin da za a iya ganowa kuma suna iya zama masu rauni a sakamakon haka.
133) Kamuwa da cuta na halitta vs alurar riga kafi: Wanne ya ba da ƙarin kariya?, Rosenberg, 2021	"Tare da jimillar 'yan Isra'ila 835,792 da aka sani sun murmure daga cutar, lokuta 72 na sake kamuwa da cutar sun kai 0.0086% na mutanen da suka rigaya sun kamu da cutar ta COVID… 6.72%, na Isra'ilawan da aka yiwa alurar riga kafi sun kamu da cutar a cikin sabuwar guguwar.
134) Watsawar al'umma da ƙwayar cuta ta kwayar cuta ta SARS-CoV-2 delta (B.1.617.2) bambance-bambancen a cikin mutanen da aka yi wa alurar riga kafi da waɗanda ba a yi musu allurar ba a cikin Burtaniya: mai yiwuwa, dogon lokaci, nazarin ƙungiyar., Singanayagam, 2021	"Duk da haka, mutanen da ke da cikakkiyar alurar riga kafi tare da kamuwa da cuta suna da nauyin ƙwayar cuta mai kama da cututtukan da ba a yi musu rigakafi ba kuma suna iya yada kamuwa da cuta yadda ya kamata a cikin saitunan gida, gami da cikakkun lambobin rigakafin."
135) Kwayoyin rigakafin da rigakafin mRNA-1273 suka haifar sun ɗaure sosai ga yankin dauri mai karɓa fiye da waɗanda ke kamuwa da kamuwa da SARS-CoV-2., Greney, 2021	"Ayyukan kawar da ƙwayoyin rigakafin rigakafin rigakafin an fi niyya ne zuwa yankin mai karɓar mai karɓa (RBD) na furotin na SARS-CoV-2 idan aka kwatanta da ƙwayoyin rigakafin da ke haifar da kamuwa da cuta ta yanayi. Duk da haka, a cikin RBD, ɗaurin ƙwayoyin rigakafin rigakafin rigakafin an fi rarraba su a cikin epitopes idan aka kwatanta da kamuwa da cuta-haɓaka rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta. Don haka, rigakafin rigakafi da aka samu ta hanyar kamuwa da cuta ta yanayi ko nau'ikan allurar rigakafi na iya samun bambanci daban-daban ga yazawa ta hanyar juyin halittar SARS-CoV-2.
136) Antigen-Specific Adaftan rigakafi ga SARS-CoV-2 a cikin Mummunan COVID-19 da Ƙungiyoyi masu Shekaru da Cutar Cutar, Moderbacker, 2020	"Yana da iyakataccen ilimi game da alaƙar da ke tsakanin martanin rigakafi na musamman na antigen da tsananin cutar COVID-19. Mun kammala gwajin haɗin gwiwa na dukkan sassan uku na rigakafi na daidaitawa a matakin SARS-CoV-2-takamaiman CD4+ da CD8+ T cell da kuma kawar da martanin antibody a cikin manyan abubuwan da ke da alaƙa da ƙwayoyin cuta. SARS-CoV-2-4 + Haɗin kai takamaiman martani na rigakafi na SARS-CoV-8 suna da alaƙa da ƙananan cuta, suna ba da shawarar rawar da CD2+ da CD4+ T ke bayarwa a cikin rigakafin cutar sankarau a cikin COVID-8 Bayanin shine haɗin CD19+ T cell, CD2+ T cell, da martanin rigakafin jiki suna da kariya, amma ba tare da haɗin kai ba akai-akai suna kasa sarrafa cuta, tare da alaƙa tsakanin tsufa da raunin amsawar rigakafi ga SARS-CoV-65. ”
137) Kariya da raguwar rigakafi na halitta da nau'in COVID-19, Goldberg, 2021	"Kariya daga sake kamuwa da cuta yana raguwa da lokaci tun kamuwa da cuta ta baya, amma, duk da haka, ya fi wanda aka ba da shi ta hanyar alluran rigakafi tare da allurai biyu a lokaci guda tun daga taron bayar da rigakafi na ƙarshe."
138) Bita na Tsare-tsare na Tasirin Kariya na Cutar da ta gabata ta SARS-CoV-2 akan Maimaita kamuwa da cuta, Kojima, 202	"Tasirin kariya na kamuwa da cutar SARS-CoV-2 na baya akan sake kamuwa da cuta yana da girma kuma yayi kama da tasirin kariya na rigakafin."
139) Ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa B Kwayoyin da ke haifar da kamuwa da cuta ta SARS-CoV-2 suna samar da ƙarin plasmablasts da ƙwayoyin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa na B fiye da waɗanda allurar mRNA suka fara., Babba, 2021	Kwatanta SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor binding domain (S1-RBD) - takamaiman MBCs na farko waɗanda ke haifar da amsa ga kamuwa da cuta ko allurar mRNA guda ɗaya. Dukan jama'ar MBC na farko suna da mitoci iri ɗaya a cikin jini kuma suna amsawa ga bayyanar S1-RBD na biyu ta hanyar samar da plasmablasts tare da wadataccen immunoglobulin (Ig. Haɓaka tare da bambance-bambancen B.1.351, duk da haka, MBC na farko da ke haifar da kamuwa da cuta yana da mafi kyawun antigen-dauri kuma yana haifar da ƙarin plasmablasts da MBC na biyu na al'ada da na al'ada fiye da MBC na farko da ke haifar da rigakafin kamuwa da cuta.
140) Daban-daban antibody kuzarin kawo cikas zuwa SARS-CoV-2 kamuwa da cuta da alurar riga kafi, Chen, 2021	"Mafi kyawun martani na rigakafi yana ba da kariya ta kariya ta dogon lokaci (dorewa) kariya daga bambance-bambancen ƙwayoyin cuta masu ƙarfi (fadi). Kwayoyin rigakafin cututtukan SARS-CoV-2 da ke haifar da kamuwa da cuta, yayin da suke da girman kai, sun nuna ingantaccen ingantaccen ƙarfin rigakafin jiki na dogon lokaci… Daban-daban yanayin dorewa na antibody sun fi son abubuwan COVID-2-murmurewa tare da fasalulluka biyu na ƙwayoyin sel B na haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta na farkon antibody somatic da giciye-coronavirus maida hankali… Immunity ya ba da shi.
141) Yara suna haɓaka ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarfi da dorewar amsawar ƙayyadaddun takamaiman martani na rigakafi ga kamuwa da cutar SARS-CoV-2, Dowell, 2022	Kwatanta antibody da salon salula rigakafi a cikin yara (shekaru 3-11 shekaru) da kuma manya. Maganganun rigakafi game da furotin mai karu sun kasance a cikin yara kuma seroconversion ya haɓaka martani game da yanayin Beta-coronaviruses ta hanyar fahimtar yankin S2. Neutralization na bambance-bambancen hoto ya kasance daidai tsakanin yara da manya. Spike-specic a cikin yara da yawa sun fi girma fiye da T. Yara masu hankali, suna nuna martanin da aka rigaya ya kasance game da coronaviruses na yanayi, yana da mahimmanci, yara suna riƙe da martanin rigakafi da salon salula watanni 6 bayan kamuwa da cuta, yayin da ƙayyadaddun martanin dangi ya faru a cikin manya ba da haske game da ƙaƙƙarfan kariyar asibiti da ke faruwa a yawancin yara kuma yana iya taimakawa wajen tsara tsarin tsarin rigakafin yara."
142) Tsananin sake kamuwa da cutar SARS-CoV-2 kamar yadda aka kwatanta da cututtukan farko, Abu-Raddad, 2021	Abu-Raddad et al. kwanan nan aka buga akan tsananin cutar SARS-CoV-2 idan aka kwatanta da cututtukan farko. Sun ba da rahoton cewa a cikin binciken da suka gabata, sun tantance ingancin kamuwa da cuta ta asali “a matsayin kariya daga sake kamuwa da SARS-CoV-2kamar 85% ko fiye. Don haka, ga mutumin da ya riga ya kamu da cutar ta farko, haɗarin sake kamuwa da cuta mai tsanani kusan kashi 1% ne kawai na haɗarin mutumin da ba ya kamu da cutar ya kamu da cutar farko mai tsanani… Reinfections yana da 90% ƙananan rashin daidaituwa na haifar da asibiti ko mutuwa fiye da cututtukan farko. An sake kamuwa da cutar guda hudu sun yi muni sosai don kai ga asibiti mai tsananin kulawa. Babu wanda ya kai ga asibiti a cikin ICU, kuma babu wanda ya ƙare a mutuwa. Sabbin cututtuka sun kasance da wuya kuma gabaɗaya suna da laushi, wataƙila saboda tsarin rigakafi na farko bayan kamuwa da cuta ta farko. ”
143) Martanin SARS-CoV-2 spike T cell da aka haifar akan allurar rigakafi ko kamuwa da cuta sun kasance masu ƙarfi akan Omicron, Keeton, 2021	"Yi la'akari da ikon ƙwayoyin T don amsawa tare da Omicron spike a cikin mahalarta waɗanda aka yi wa alurar riga kafi tare da Ad26.CoV2.S ko BNT162b2, kuma a cikin marasa lafiya marasa lafiya na COVID-19 (n = 70). na bambance-bambancen Beta da Delta, duk da cewa Omicron yana da ƙarin maye gurbi. Bugu da ƙari, a cikin marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar Omicron (n = 70), akwai kwatankwacin martanin T cell ga kakannin kakanni, nucleocapsid da sunadarai na membrane ga waɗanda aka samu a cikin marasa lafiya da ke asibiti a cikin raƙuman ruwa na baya waɗanda suka mamaye manyan kakanni, Beta ko Deltan maye gurbi da raguwar lallacewa ga kawar da ƙwayoyin cuta, yawancin martanin T cell, wanda alluran rigakafi ko kamuwa da cuta ke haifarwa, ya san da bambance-bambancen rigakafin T cell ga Omicron yana iya ba da gudummawa ga kariya daga mummunan COVID-80, yana tallafawa farkon lura na asibiti daga Afirka ta Kudu. ”
144) Kariyar riga-kafi daga asalin aladu H1N1 ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin yawan jama'a., Greenbaum, 2009	"69% (54/78) na epitopes gane da CD8+ T Kwayoyin ba su da cikakken m. Mun kara nuna gwaji cewa wasu ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar T-cell rigakafi da S-OIV ne ba a cikin manya yawan da cewa irin wannan memory yana da irin girma kamar yadda pre-tsara memory a kan yanayi H1N1 mura. a buƙaci hana kamuwa da cuta. Koyaya, a san sel ɗin da cutar ta hanyar cutar. Sabili da haka, kiyaye babban juzu'in T-elopes ya nuna cewa tsananin kamuwa da cutar don harin kwayar cuta, ba zai bambanta da yawa daga wannan cutar mura ba. Wadannan sakamakon sunyi daidai da rahotanni game da matsalar rashin daidaituwa, tsananin rauni, da kuma farashin mace mace da aka hade da ɗan adam S-OIV… gabaɗaya, 49% na epitopes da aka ruwaito a cikin wallafe-wallafen kuma yanzu a cikin yanayin yanayi na H1N1 ana samun su gaba ɗaya a cikin S-OIV. CD31+ T-cell epitopes an kiyaye su.14, 15). Dangane da wannan lura da bayanan da aka gabatar a sama, mun yi hasashe cewa mai yiyuwa ne martanin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar rigakafi da S-OIV ya wanzu a cikin yawan manya, a matakin duka ƙwayoyin B da T. ”
145) Kariyar da aka samu ta hanyar kamuwa da cuta kafin kamuwa da cutar SARS-CoV-2 tare da Omicron, bambance-bambancen, Altarawneh, 2021	"PES An kiyasta reinfection na alamomi a 90.2% (95% CI: 60.2-97.6) don Alpha, 84.8% (95% CI: 74.5-91.0) don Beta, 92.0% (95% CI: 87.9-94.7) don Delta, da 56.0% 95-50.6) don Omicron. 60.9 Alpha, 1 Beta, 2 Delta, da 0 Omicron sake kamuwa da cutar sun ci gaba zuwa mummunan COVID-2. Babu wanda ya ci gaba zuwa mahimmanci ko mai kisa COVID-19. PES a kan asibiti ko mutuwa saboda reinfection an kiyasta a 69.4% (95% CI: -143.6-96.2) don Alpha, 88.0% (95% CI: 50.7-97.1) don Beta, 100% (95% CI: 43.3-99.8) 87.8% Delta, 95% da Delta 47.5-97.1) don Omicron.
146) Ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa ta T Kwayoyin suna haɗe da kariya daga kamuwa da cutar SARS-CoV-2 a cikin lambobin COVID-19, Kundu, 2022	"Kiyaye mafi girma mitoci na giciye-reactive (p = 0.0139), da kuma nucleocapsid-specific (p = 0.0355) IL-2-asirin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya T Kwayoyin a cikin lambobin da suka kasance PCR-negative duk da fallasa (n = 26), idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda suka canza zuwa PCR-tabbatacce mita, ba tare da wani gagarumin amsa ba. Yana nuna iyakataccen aikin kariya na ƙwayoyin T-cross-reactive don haka sakamakonmu ya yi daidai da abubuwan da ba a taɓa gani ba a ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da ke kare lambobin SARS-CoV-26-naïve daga kamuwa da cuta, ta haka ne ke tallafawa haɗar antigens marasa ƙarfi a cikin alluran rigakafi na ƙarni na biyu. ”
147) Dogon Dogon Jiki na IgG Antibodies a cikin mutane COVID-19 da aka dawo dasu a cikin watanni 18 da tasirin allurar MRNA na kashi biyu na BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) akan martanin antibody, Dehgani-Mobaraki, 2021	"A cikin watanni 18, mahalarta 97% sun gwada tabbatacce ga anti-NCP na nuni ga dorewar rigakafin kamuwa da cuta har ma ga mutanen da aka yi wa allurar." "An yi rajistar manya 412 galibi tare da matsakaici ko matsakaiciyar hanya. 2/2 (2%) yana da matakan antibody mai kyau kamar haka, a cikin 316 / 412 (76.7%) tabbataccen sakin IFN-γ da IgG antibodies Game da lokaci bayan kamuwa da cuta, duka matakan rigakafin IgG da IFN-γ sun ragu da kusan rabi a cikin kwanaki ɗari uku Na kowane mutum mun lura da marasa lafiya tare da manyan tiretin antibody amma ƙananan matakan IFN-γ da akasin haka
148) Tsarin dogon lokaci na amsoshi na ban dariya da salon salula a cikin marasa lafiya bayan kamuwa da cutar SARS-CoV-2, Schiffner, 2021	"An yi rajistar manya 412 galibi tare da matsakaici ko matsakaiciyar hanya. 2/2 (2%) yana da matakan antibody mai kyau kamar haka, a cikin 316 / 412 (76.7%) tabbataccen sakin IFN-γ da IgG antibodies Game da lokaci bayan kamuwa da cuta, duka matakan rigakafin IgG da IFN-γ sun ragu da kusan rabi a cikin kwanaki ɗari uku Na kowane mutum mun lura da marasa lafiya tare da manyan tiretin antibody amma ƙananan matakan IFN-γ da akasin haka
149) Laifukan COVID-19 da Asibiti ta Halin Alurar COVID-19 da Binciken COVID-19 na baya - California da New York, Mayu-Nuwamba 2021, Leon, 2022	“Ya zuwa makon da ya fara ranar 3 ga Oktoba, idan aka kwatanta da adadin COVID-19 a tsakanin mutanen da ba a yi musu allurar ba ba tare da an gano cutar ta COVID-19 da ta gabata ba, adadin mutanen da aka yi wa allurar ba tare da gano cutar ta COVID-19 da ta gabata sun ninka ninki 6.2 (California) da ninki 4.5 (New York) ƙasa; farashin ya ragu sosai a tsakanin ƙungiyoyin biyu tare da COVID-19 da suka gabata. Ninki 29.0 (New York) tsakanin mutanen da ba a yi musu allurar rigakafin cutar ta baya ba, kuma sau 14.7 (California) da ninki 32.5 a ƙasa (New York) a tsakanin mutanen da aka yi wa rigakafin cutar ta COVID-19.8 a baya, idan aka kwatanta da ƙimar asibiti tsakanin waɗanda ba a yi musu allurar ba tare da kamuwa da cutar ta California a baya COVID-19 da kuma asibiti masu alaƙa, da kuma cewa tsira daga kamuwa da cuta a baya yana ba da kariya daga sake kamuwa da cuta da kuma asibiti mai alaƙa, kariya daga kamuwa da cuta ta kasance mafi girma bayan bambance-bambancen Delta ya zama mafi rinjaye, lokacin da rigakafin rigakafin rigakafi ga mutane da yawa ya ragu saboda gujewa rigakafi da raguwar rigakafi.
150) Yawai da Dorewar Kwayoyin rigakafin SARS-CoV-2 Tsakanin Manya na Amurka da ba a yi musu rigakafin ta Tarihin COVID-19, Alejo, 2022	"A cikin wannan sashin binciken na manya na Amurka da ba a yi musu allurar rigakafi ba, an gano ƙwayoyin rigakafi a cikin kashi 99% na mutanen da suka ba da rahoton ingantaccen sakamakon gwajin COVID-19, a cikin 55% waɗanda suka yi imani suna da COVID-19 amma ba a taɓa gwada su ba, kuma a cikin 11% waɗanda suka yi imanin ba su taɓa kamuwa da cutar ta COVID-19 ba. An lura da matakan Anti-RBD bayan ingantaccen sakamakon gwajin COVID-19, tsawon watanni 20 da suka gabata.
151) Tasirin kamuwa da cuta ta farko, allurar rigakafi, da rigakafin matasan daga alamun BA.1 da BA.2 Omicron cututtuka da COVID-19 mai tsanani a Qatar, Altarawneh, Maris 2022	Masu bincike na Qatar sun binciki SARS-CoV-2 Omicron symptomatic BA.1 kamuwa da cuta, bayyanar cututtuka BA.2 kamuwa da cuta, BA.1 asibiti da mutuwa, da BA.2 asibiti da mutuwa, tsakanin Disamba 23, 2021 da Fabrairu 21, 2022. Masu bincike sun gudanar da 6 na kasa, matches, gwajin-kowane hali-control nazarin da aka gudanar da gwajin-Ba. mRNA-162 (Moderna), rigakafi na halitta saboda kamuwa da cuta ta farko tare da bambance-bambancen pre-Omicron, da rigakafi na matasan daga kamuwa da cuta da rigar rigakafi. Sun gano cewa "Ingantacciyar kamuwa da cuta kawai kafin kamuwa da cutar ta BA.2 mai cutarwa shine 1273% (2% CI: 46.1-95%). Amfanin kawai kashi biyu na BNT39.5b51.9 alluran rigakafi ba shi da kyau a -162% (2% CI: -1.1-95) amma kusan kusan kashi na biyu na mutane da yawa sun sami kashi na biyu a baya. Alurar rigakafi na BNT7.1b4.6 guda uku shine 162% (2% CI: 52.2-95%). Mahimmin binciken shine "Babu bambance-bambancen da za a iya ganewa a cikin tasirin kamuwa da cuta na farko, alurar riga kafi, da rigakafi na matasan daga BA.48.1 da BA.55.9."
152. Hadarin sake kamuwa da SARS-CoV-2 da asibiti na COVID-19 a cikin mutane masu rigakafi na halitta da na halitta: nazari na gaba, jimlar yawan jama'a a Sweden, Nordstrom, Maris 2020.	A Nazarin Sweden na Nordström et al. gano cewa Hadarin sake kamuwa da SARS-CoV-2 da kuma asibiti COVID-19 a cikin mutanen da suka tsira kuma suka murmure daga kamuwa da cuta da suka gabata ya kasance yana danne har tsawon watanni 20. Wannan wani nazari ne na ƙungiyar jama'a na baya-bayan nan ta amfani da rajistar rajista na ƙasar Sweden wanda Hukumar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a ta Sweden, Hukumar Kula da Lafiya da Jin Dadin Jama'a, da Kididdiga ta Sweden ke gudanarwa. An kafa ƙungiyoyi uku: Ƙungiyar 1 ta haɗa da mutanen da ba a yi musu allurar rigakafi ba tare da rigakafi na halitta wanda ya dace daidai da shekara ta haihuwa da jima'i ga mutanen da ba a yi musu rigakafi ba tare da rigakafi na halitta a asali. Ƙungiya ta 2 da ƙungiya ta 3 sun haɗa da mutanen da aka yi wa allurar rigakafi tare da kashi ɗaya (kasuwa ɗaya na rigakafi) ko allurai biyu ( rigakafi na nau'in nau'i biyu) na maganin COVID-19, bi da bi, bayan kamuwa da cuta da ta gabata, sun dace da juna biyu a shekarar haihuwa da jima'i ga daidaikun mutane masu rigakafin halitta a asali. Musamman, bayan farkon watanni 3 na farko, rigakafi na halitta yana da alaƙa da ƙananan haɗarin 95% na kamuwa da cuta ta SARS-CoV-2 (daidaita haɗarin haɗari [aHR] 0 · 05 [95% CI 0 · 05 – 0 · 05] p <0 · 001) da 87% (0 · 13 [0·11–0)] kasadar COVID-16 · 0. har zuwa watanni 001 na bibiya. Masu bincike sun kammala "Hadarin sake kamuwa da SARS-CoV-2 da asibiti COVID-19 a cikin mutanen da suka tsira kuma suka murmure daga kamuwa da cuta da suka gabata ya kasance ƙasa da ƙasa har tsawon watanni 20. Alurar riga kafi ya yi kama da ƙara rage haɗarin sakamakon biyu har zuwa watanni 9, kodayake bambance-bambance a cikin cikakken lambobi, musamman a asibitoci, ƙananan ne. Wadannan binciken sun nuna cewa idan ana amfani da fasfo don hana jama'a, yakamata su amince da kamuwa da cuta da ta gabata ko kuma allurar rigakafi a matsayin hujjar rigakafi, sabanin allurar rigakafi kawai."
153.) Kwayoyin rigakafin anti-nucleocapsid biyo bayan kamuwa da SARS-CoV-2 a cikin makantar lokaci na mRNA-1273 Covid-19 ingancin gwajin asibiti, Folmann, 2022	"Kimanin anti-nucleocapsid antibody (anti-N Ab) seropositivity a cikin mRNA-1273 ingancin rigakafin rigakafin mahalarta gwajin bayan SARS-CoV-2 kamuwa da cuta a lokacin gwajin makantar lokaci… bincike mara kyau a cikin wani lokaci na 3 bazuwar, gwajin ingancin maganin rigakafin placebo… a rukunin yanar gizo na 99 a cikin Amurka… kuma a cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar SARS-CoV-18 da / ko babban haɗarin mummunan Covid-2… a tsakanin mahalarta tare da PCR-tabbatar da cutar Covid-2, canzawa zuwa anti-N Abs a tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsaki na kwanaki 19 bayan ganewar asali ya faru a cikin 19/53 (21%) na mRNA-52 masu karɓar maganin alurar rigakafi da masu karɓar allurar rigakafin 40/1273% (p <605) Ƙananan N Ab (maganin rigakafi na nucleocapsid suna da kariya sosai kuma suna da ƙarfi, ba kamar furotin mai canzawa ba) ya fito a cikin allurar fiye da waɗanda ba a yi musu allurar ba. Maganin riga-kafi na mRNA-648 ya yi tasiri/tasirin anti-nucleocapsid antibody seroconversion dangane da waɗanda ba a yi musu allurar ba. Wannan babban damuwa ne idan maganin mRNA yana tasiri tasirin N Ab, don haka waɗanda ba a yi musu allurar ba waɗanda aka fallasa su ta zahiri kuma suka kamu da cutar kuma suna ɗaukar martani na rigakafi, za su nuna mafi girman martanin rigakafi wanda ya haɗa da Ab zuwa ba wai kawai karu mai canzawa ba har ma ga sauran sunadaran ƙwayoyin cuta kamar furotin na nucleocapsid na ciki (shaida na dogon lokaci samu-madaidaicin rigakafi na halitta).
154) Ƙarfafa rigakafin rigakafi ta dabi'a akan SARS-CoV-2 a cikin Yara da Matasa, Patlon, 2022	Saituna: Ƙididdigar cibiyar bayanai na Maccabi Healthcare Services, asusun kiwon lafiya na Isra'ila wanda ya ƙunshi mutane miliyan 2.5. Mahalarta: Yawan binciken ya haɗa da tsakanin mutane 293,743 da 458,959 (dangane da ƙirar), shekaru 5-18, waɗanda ba a yi musu allurar SARS-CoV-2 marasa lafiya ko marasa lafiya ba. An kimanta sakamako guda uku masu alaƙa da SARS-CoV-2: (1) an rubuta PCR da aka tabbatar da kamuwa da cuta ko sake haifuwa, (2) COVID-19 da (3) COVID-19 mai tsanani. Sakamako: Gabaɗaya, yara da matasa waɗanda suka kamu da cutar a baya sun sami kariya mai ɗorewa daga sake kamuwa da cuta (alama ko a'a) tare da SARS-CoV-2 na aƙalla watanni 18. Mahimmanci, ba a sami mace-mace masu alaƙa da COVID-19 a cikin ko dai ƙungiyar butulci ta SARS-CoV-2 ko kuma ƙungiyar da ta kamu da cutar a baya. Ingancin rigakafin da aka samu ta dabi'a game da kamuwa da cuta mai maimaitawa ya kai 89.2% (95% CI: 84.7% -92.4%) watanni uku zuwa shida bayan kamuwa da cuta ta farko, a hankali yana raguwa zuwa 82.5% (95% CI, 79.1% -85.3%) watanni tara zuwa shekara guda bayan kamuwa da cuta, sannan yara sama da 18. watanni, tare da ɗan raguwa maras muhimmanci. An gano cewa shekaru 5-11 ba su nuna wani gagarumin raguwar kariyar da aka samu ta zahiri ba a duk tsawon lokacin sakamako, yayin da raguwar kariya a cikin rukunin masu shekaru 12-18 ya fi shahara, amma har yanzu mai laushi. Ƙarshe: Yara da matasa waɗanda a baya suka kamu da cutar ta SARS-CoV-2 sun kasance cikin kariya daga sake kamuwa da cuta zuwa babban mataki kuma masu yanke shawara yakamata suyi la'akari da lokacin da kuma idan ya kamata a yi wa yara da matasa allurar rigakafi.'
155) Tsawon lokacin kariyar rigakafin SARS-CoV-2 kamuwa da cuta ta dabi'a daga sake kamuwa da cuta a Qatar, Chemail, 2022	Masu bincike sun yi nazarin tsawon lokacin kariyar da kamuwa da cuta ta halitta, tasirin gujewa kamuwa da kwayar cutar kwayar cutar kan tsawon lokacin kariya, da kariya daga kamuwa da cuta mai tsanani, a Qatar, tsakanin 28 ga Fabrairu, 2020 da Yuni 5, 2022. SARS-CoV-2 kamuwa da cuta ta farko, zuwa abin da ya faru a tsakanin waɗanda kamuwa da cuta-wasa da kuma marasa alurar riga kafi. Sun gano cewa "tasirin kamuwa da cuta na farko na pre-Omicron akan pre-Omicron reinfection shine 85.5% (95% CI: 84.8-86.2%). Inganci ya kai 90.5% (95% CI: 88.4-92.3%) a cikin wata na 7 bayan kamuwa da cuta ta farko, amma wannan watan ya wuce 70. raguwar yanayin ta amfani da lanƙwan Gompertz ya ba da shawarar tasiri na 16% a cikin wata na 50 da <22% ta wata na 10nd Ingancin kamuwa da cuta na farko na pre-Omicron a kan reinfection na Omicron shine 32% (38.1% CI: 95-36.3%) kuma ya ƙi tare da lokaci tun lokacin kamuwa da cuta na 39.8. Ingancin kamuwa da cuta na farko akan mai tsanani, mai mahimmanci, ko mai kisa COVID-10 shine 15% (19% CI: 97.3-95%), ba tare da la'akari da bambance-bambancen kamuwa da cuta na farko ko sake kamuwa da cuta ba, kuma ba tare da wata shaida don raguwa ba. Makullin shine kariyar kamuwa da cuta daga sake kamuwa da cuta kuma yana iya raguwa a cikin ƴan shekaru. Kaucewa rigakafi na kwayar cuta yana hanzarta wannan raguwa. Duk da haka, kuma vey tantalizing shine cewa kariyar daga kamuwa da cuta mai tsanani "yana da ƙarfi sosai, ba tare da wata shaida don raguwa ba, ba tare da la'akari da bambancin ba."
156) Kariyar SARS-CoV-2 kamuwa da cuta ta dabi'a daga sake kamuwa da cuta tare da Omicron BA.4 ko BA.5 subvariants, Altarawneh & Abu-Raddad, 2022	"Yi kimanta tasiri na baya kamuwa da cuta tare da SARS-CoV-2 a hana reinfection tare da Omicron BA.4/BA.5 subvariants ta amfani da gwajin-korau, case-control design design. Cases (SARS-CoV-2-tabbatacce gwajin sakamakon) da kuma controls (SARS-CoV-2-korau gwajin sakamakon) da aka matching bisa ga jima'i, shekaru 10 gwajin yanayi, kalandar shekara, XNUMX-shekara gwajin sakamakon. hanyar gwaji, da dalilin gwaji. Ingancin kamuwa da cutar Omicron da ta gabata akan alamar cutar ta BA.4/BA.5 shine 76.1% (95% CI: 54.9-87.3%), kuma akan kowane BA.4/BA.5 reinfection shine 79.7% (95% CI: 74.3-83.9%). Sakamako ta yin amfani da duk cututtukan da aka gano lokacin da BA.4/BA.5 suka mamaye abin da ya faru sun tabbatar da wannan binciken. Hankali yana nazarin daidaitawa don matsayin rigakafin da aka tabbatar da sakamakon binciken. Kariyar kamuwa da cuta da ta gabata daga sake kamuwa da BA.4/BA.5 ya kasance matsakaici lokacin da kamuwa da cuta ta baya ta ƙunshi bambance-bambancen pre-Omicron, amma mai ƙarfi lokacin da kamuwa da cuta ta baya ta shafi Omicron BA.1 ko BA.2 subvariants.”
157) Tsare Tsallakewa ta hanyar SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants BA.2.12.1, BA.4, da BA.5, Hachmann, 2022	"Wata shida bayan farkon alluran BNT162b2 guda biyu, matsakaicin tsaka-tsakin antibody pseudovirus titer ya kasance 124 akan WA1/2020 amma kasa da 20 akan duk samfuran omicron da aka gwada. subvariant, 5783 da BA.1 subvariant, 2020 a kan BA.900 subvariant, da 1 a kan BA.829 ko BA.2 subvariant. Daga cikin mahalarta da ke da tarihin Covid-19, matsakaicin tsaka-tsakin antibody titer ya kasance 11,050 akan warewar WA1/2020, 1740 akan BA.1 subvariant, 1910 akan BA.2 subvariant, 1150 akan BA.2.12.1 subvariant, da 590 a kan BA.4.
158) Haɗarin kamuwa da cuta tare da SARS-CoV-2 Beta, Gamma, da bambance-bambancen Delta idan aka kwatanta da bambancin Alpha a cikin mutanen da aka yi wa alurar riga kafi., ANDEWEG, 2022	"Mun yi nazarin samfuran SARS-CoV-28,578 guda 2 da aka jera daga mutane tare da sanannun matsayin rigakafin da aka samu ta hanyar gwajin al'umma na ƙasa a cikin Netherlands daga Maris zuwa Agusta 2021. Mun sami shaidar ƙarin haɗarin kamuwa da cuta ta Beta (B.1.351), Gamma (P.1), ko Delta (B.1.617.2) bambance-bambancen bambance-bambancen bambance-bambancen Alpha. Duk da haka, sakamakon ya fi girma a cikin kwanaki 1.1.7-14 na farko bayan cikakken rigakafin idan aka kwatanta da ≥59 na rigakafi, babu ƙarin haɗarin sake kamuwa da cutar ta Beta, Gamma ko bambance-bambancen Delta dangane da bambancin Alpha a cikin mutanen da ke da rigakafi. "Ba mu sami wata alaƙa tsakanin kamuwa da cuta ta baya da sabon kamuwa da cuta tare da Beta, Gamma, ko Delta da Alpha, yana nuna cewa babu bambanci a cikin kariya daga kamuwa da cuta a baya tsakanin Beta, Gamma, ko bambance-bambancen Delta idan aka kwatanta da bambance-bambancen Alpha.9). Nazarin farko ya nuna cewa kamuwa da cuta a baya ya ba da kariya mafi kyau fiye da allurar rigakafi ba tare da kamuwa da cuta a baya ba a lokacin Delta. "
159.) Hatsarin kamuwa da cutar BA.5 tsakanin Mutanen da aka fallasa ga Bambancin SARS-CoV-2 na baya, Graca, 2022	Waɗannan masu binciken sun yi amfani da ƙirar binciken tushen rajista wanda ba shi da madaidaicin ƙirar ƙira mara kyau. Duk da haka kamar yadda suke jayayya da gaskiya, yawancin lokuta da aka yi nazari wanda ya rufe duk mazaunan Portugal fiye da shekaru 12, sun ba da izini ga dogara ga ƙididdigar haɗari da aka samo ga mutanen da suka rigaya BA.1 / BA.2 kamuwa da cuta wanda ya kasance mai ƙarfi da amintacce isa kuma yana kusa da kimantawa daga Qatar dangane da ƙirar gwaji. Bayani da binciken: "Portugal na ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashe na farko da babban BA.5 ya shafa. Mun yi amfani da rajista na cutar sankara na 2019 (Covid-19) (SINAVE) don ƙididdige haɗarin kamuwa da cutar BA.5 tsakanin mutanen da ke da kamuwa da cuta tare da bambance-bambancen da suka gabata, gami da BA.1 da BA.2. Yin rajista ya haɗa da duk maganganun da aka ruwaito a cikin ƙasar, ba tare da la'akari da gabatarwar asibiti ba. " "Mun gano cewa kamuwa da cutar SARS-CoV-2 na baya yana da tasirin kariya daga kamuwa da cutar BA.5, kuma wannan kariyar ta kasance mafi girman kamuwa da cutar da ta gabata tare da BA.1 ko BA.2. Ya kamata a yi la'akari da waɗannan bayanan a cikin mahallin ci gaba da kamuwa da cuta a cikin yawan alurar riga kafi, ganin cewa a Portugal fiye da 98% na yawan mutanen binciken sun kammala jerin allurar farko kafin 2022." Kammalawa: "Gaba ɗaya, mun gano cewa ci gaba da kamuwa da cuta tare da BA.5 subvariant ba su da yuwuwa tsakanin mutanen da ke da tarihin kamuwa da cutar ta SARS-CoV-2 a baya a cikin yawan alurar riga kafi, musamman ga kamuwa da BA.1 ko BA.2 na baya, fiye da waɗanda ba su kamu da cutar ba."
160) Kariya daga Omicron daga alluran rigakafi da kamuwa da cuta a baya a cikin tsarin kurkuku, Cin, 2022	"An kimanta kariyar da allurar mRNA ke bayarwa da kamuwa da cuta a baya game da kamuwa da cuta tare da bambance-bambancen omicron a cikin mutane biyu masu haɗari"; Dubi Tebura S4 a cikin ƙarin don mahimman binciken, babu (0) mace-mace a cikin waɗanda ba a yi musu allurar rigakafi ba (kafin kamuwa da cutar) da sifili (0) mutuwar a cikin allurar; yunƙurin da binciken ya yi na yin nasara kan rigakafin duk da haka ainihin abin da aka gano shi ne cewa ba a sami mace-mace a kan waɗanda ba a yi musu allurar rigakafi ba a cikin rufaffiyar jama'ar kurkukun da ke da hatsarin gaske; waɗannan fursunonin sun jure mutuwa da nasu rigakafi (kariya ta halitta) kuma ba su buƙatar allurar rigakafi
161) Kwayoyin rigakafin SARS-CoV-2 sun ci gaba har zuwa watanni 12 bayan kamuwa da cuta ta dabi'a a cikin ma'aikatan lafiya waɗanda ke aiki a cikin ƙwararrun ƙwararrun likitanci., Mikiya, 2022	Masu bincike sun nemi 'kimanin motsin matakan rigakafin cututtukan da ke biyo bayan fallasa ga SARS-CoV-2 a cikin watanni 12 a cikin masu gyaran gashi da ma'aikatan baƙi na Dutch. A Tsarin nazarin ƙungiyar masu yiwuwa, 'ana tattara samfuran jini kowane wata uku har tsawon shekara ɗaya, kuma an yi nazari ta hanyar amfani da jimlar antibody ELISA da ƙimar IgG antibody ELISA. Masu bincike sun gano cewa 95 na mahalarta 497 (19.1%) 'suna da ma'aunin seropositive ≥1 kafin ziyararsu ta ƙarshe ta amfani da ELISA mai inganci. 2.1% kawai (2/95) ya koma baya yayin bibiya. Daga cikin mahalarta 95, 82 (86.3%) sun gwada IgG seropositive a cikin adadin ELISA kuma. Matakan rigakafin IgG sun ragu sosai a farkon watanni (p<0.01), amma ya kasance ana iya ganowa har zuwa watanni 12 a duk mahalarta. Shekaru mafi girma (B, 10-shekara karuwa: 24.6, 95% CI: 5.7-43.5) da kuma mafi girma BMI (B, 5kg / m² increment: 40.0, 95% CI: 2.9-77.2) sun kasance masu mahimmanci tare da mafi girma na matakan antibody.' Waɗannan sakamakon sun nuna cewa 'maganin rigakafi na SARS-CoV-2 sun dawwama har zuwa shekara guda bayan rashin lafiya na farko, yana ba da shawarar rigakafin halitta na dogon lokaci.'
162) Tasirin Alurar riga kafi da Cutar da ta gabata akan Cutar Omicron da Mummunan Sakamako a Yara 'Yan Kasa da Shekaru 12, Linin, 2023	"Masu bincike sun yi amfani da bayanan rigakafi da kuma sakamakon asibiti ga mazauna Arewacin Carolina 1,368,721 masu shekaru 11 ko sama da haka daga 29 ga Oktoba, 2021 zuwa 6 ga Janairu, 2023. Hanyoyin ƙididdiga da aka yi amfani da su sune 'Cox regression don kimanta sakamakon sauye-sauyen lokaci na rigakafi na farko da na ƙarfafawa da kuma kamuwa da cuta a baya akan hadarin kamuwa da omicron, asibiti, da mutuwa.' 'Ga yara masu shekaru 5-11, tasirin maganin farko na rigakafin kamuwa da cuta shine 59.9% (95% tazarar amincewa [CI], 58.5 zuwa 61.2), 33.7% (95% CI, 32.6 zuwa 34.8), da 14.9% (95% CI, 12.3) da watanni 17.5 zuwa 1. kashi na farko; tasiri na monovalent ko bivalent booster kashi bayan wata 1 shine 24.4% (95% CI, 14.4 zuwa 33.2) ko 76.7% (95% CI, 45.7 zuwa 90.0); da tasirin kamuwa da cutar omicron a kan reinfection shine 79.9% (95% CI, 78.8 zuwa 80.9) da 53.9% (95% CI, 52.3 zuwa 55.5) bayan watanni 3 da 6, bi da bi. Ga yara 0-4 shekaru masu shekaru, tasirin maganin rigakafi na farko game da kamuwa da cuta shine 63.8% (95% CI, 57.0 zuwa 69.5) da 58.1% (95% CI, 48.3 zuwa 66.1) a 2 da 5 watanni bayan farkon kashi, da kuma tasiri na omicron kamuwa da cuta 77.3% 95. 75.9 zuwa 78.6) da 64.7% (95% CI, 63.3 zuwa 66.1) bayan watanni 3 da 6, bi da bi.

Shiga cikin tattaunawar:

An buga ƙarƙashin a Commonirƙirar Commonabi'a Mai Creativeayatarwa 4.0 Licenseasashen Duniya
Don sake bugawa, da fatan za a saita hanyar haɗin yanar gizo zuwa asali Cibiyar Brownstone Labari da Marubuci.

Mawallafi

Paul Elias Alexander

Dokta Paul Alexander masanin cututtukan cututtuka ne da ke mai da hankali kan cututtukan cututtuka na asibiti, magungunan shaida, da hanyoyin bincike. Yana da digiri na biyu a fannin ilimin cututtuka daga Jami'ar Toronto, sannan ya yi digiri na biyu a Jami'ar Oxford. Ya sami PhD ɗinsa daga Hanyoyi, Shaida, da Tasirin Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta McMaster. Yana da wasu horo na asali a Bioterrorism/Biowarfare daga John's Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland. Paul tsohon mai ba da shawara ne na WHO kuma babban mai ba da shawara ga Sashen HHS na Amurka a cikin 2020 don amsawar COVID-19.

Duba dukkan posts