A ranar 6 ga Agusta, 1945, wani bam na Amurka B-29, mai suna Enola Gay, ya jefa makamin nukiliya na farko a duniya da aka fi sani da "Little Boy" a birnin Hiroshima na kasar Japan. Bayan kwana uku a ranar 9 ga Agusta, 1945 wani bam na B-29 na biyu, mai suna Bockscar, ya sake jefa wani Bam mai suna "Fat Man" a Nagasaki.
Ƙididdiga na ainihin adadin da aka kashe ya bambanta. The Hukumar haɗin gwiwa ta Amurka ta 1945 ƙiyasin mutuwar a Hiroshima a 64,500 (25.5% na yawan jama'a) zuwa tsakiyar Nuwamba 1945. A Nagasaki, an kiyasta 39,214 (20.1%). A 1977 sake kiyasin mutuwar daga bama-baman nukiliya ya haifar da kewayon tsakanin 110,000-210,000 da aka kashe a duka Hiroshima da Nagasaki. Wannan binciken ya nuna akwai manyan kurakurai na hanya tare da rahoton Hukumar Haɗin gwiwa.
Bayan hare-haren atomic, Sarkin sarakuna Hirohito ya mika wuya a wani jawabi wanda aka yi a ranar 15 ga Agusta, 1945. Masana al'adun gargajiya sun yi imanin cewa bama-bamai ba guda ɗaya ba ne kawai amma biyu na nukiliya ya dace saboda "an tsira da miliyoyin rayukan Allied" ta hanyar guje wa mamayewa na Japan da aka shirya don Nuwamba 1945.
Abin da mutane da yawa ba su gane ba shi ne cewa Sarkin sarakuna Hirohito ya riga ya yi tunanin mika wuya kafin a jefa bam din atom. Wannan ya kasance a babban bangare saboda barnar da aka yi ta hanyar tashin bama-bamai da Amurka ta yi.
A cikin Maris na 1945 fiye da 300 B-29 superfortresses sun jefa bama-bamai na napalm a Tokyo 66 sauran garuruwan Japan. Manufar tashin gobarar Tokyo ya lalata kayayyakin yaki tare da karya nufin mutanen Japan. Harin kunar bakin wake da aka kai a birnin Tokyo shi ne harin bama-bamai mafi muni a tarihin dan Adam, kuma wadanda suka tsira sun yi barna.
Janar Curtis LeMay, wanda ya sa ido kan tashin bama-baman ya ce "Idan muka yi rashin nasara a yakin, da an gurfanar da mu duka a matsayin masu laifin yaki." Bayan tashin bama-bamai Hirohito da sauran shugabannin sojoji sun yi tunani amma sun jinkirta kai ga sojojin kawance saboda suna buƙatar hanyar ceto fuska da kuma hana ƙalubalen cikin gida daga mutanen Japan.
Me yasa nake rubutu game da tarihin WWII? Baya ga cewa ina aiki tare da marubuci a kan littafin tarihin yakin duniya na II, akwai darussa da yawa da za mu koya idan muka yi la'akari da yadda yakin ya kasance ta hanyar tabarau na yau.
In Farkon Yakin Fim, Robert McNamara ya bayyana "darussan" na yaki. Darasi na 5 yana da dacewa har ma a yau: “Ya kamata daidaito ya zama jagora a cikin yaƙi.”
Martanin gwamnatoci game da barkewar cutar (yaki) bai yi daidai da barazanar ba yayin da cutar ta bulla.
Wakilanmu da hukumomin kiwon lafiyar jama'a sun yi ta keta ka'idodin daidaito kuma waɗanda ke ci gaba da yin hakan ba tare da jagora ba daga bayanan rufe fuska, umarni da tasirin rigakafin cutar Omicron dole ne a yi kira ga wannan. Aiki nawa ne aka rasa saboda kulle-kulle sannan kuma rashin dacewar rigakafin cutar?
Yaya ɗorewar tasirin mummunan tasiri daga ilimi mai zurfi zai kasance akan yara? Menene lafiyar tunanin mutum da abubuwan da ke kama da PTSD na mutane da yawa waɗanda ke ci gaba da shan wahala a cikin halayen agoraphobic godiya ga kafofin watsa labarai masu son zuciya? Yaushe ne za mu dakatar da ja da ja-in-ja tsakanin ja da shuɗi da aka yi amfani da shi ga kusan kowane labari da ke motsa jiki na marigayi?
An buga kwanan nan samfuri kan adadin rayuka da aka ceci ta hanyar alluran rigakafi suna cike da kuskure amma ana amfani da su azaman hujja don yanke shawara na yanzu. Suna yin ikirarin cewa maimaita cututtuka suna haifar da mace-mace amma ingancin binciken da suka kawo yana da shakku a ciki da waje.
A FDA VRBPAC da CDC ACIP bayanan tarurrukan daga preprint on SARS-CoV-2 mace-mace a cikin yara an gabatar da shi a matsayin hujja don yin rigakafin yara ƙanana. An gano cewa preprint ɗin ba daidai ba ne kuma marubuta sun gyara amma CDC da FDA har yanzu ba su fitar da nasu gyaran ba.
Tabbas, wanda zai iya cewa muna cikin tsakiyar "hazo na yaki" inda za'a iya yanke hukunci na kuskure amma mun ga yawancin su a cikin shekaru 2.5 da suka wuce. Shin ba za mu iya samun sahihan bayanai ba a zamanin bayanan dijital? Waɗannan kurakurai ko tsallake-tsallake, kamawa da yin amfani da hukumar sun haifar da asarar imani a cibiyoyin kimiyya da kiwon lafiya. Ba wuri mai kyau ba.
Ta hanyar yin amfani da tarihin WWII don yin wannan batu, ko kaɗan ba zan yi wa Babban tsara ba, wanda ya ji kuma ya amsa kiran taron a gida da waje. Ina matukar girmama waɗanda suka yi yaƙi kuma ba su dawo gida ba, har da ’yan uwana.
Shugabanninsu ne, kamar shugabannin yau, ni na raina. Wasu sun yaudari wasu kuma sun ci gaba da kare mutuncinsu ko gadon su da kashe mutane. Bambance-bambancen bayanai (ko gwamnati ta dauki nauyin bayanan da ba daidai ba) bai bambanta da Sarkin sarakuna Hirohito ba yana ba da jawabin mika wuya a yaren kotu ta yadda yawancin “japan” jama’ar Japan ba su fahimta kwanaki bayan haka.
A wane lokaci ne za a zabi jami'ai da nadawa shugabannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a fes har zuwa ga kurakuransu, kuma sun bi ta hanya? Wataƙila kamar Curtis LeMay, suna tsoron faɗin kurakuran su kamar yadda za a tuhume su. Ko kuma kamar Sarkin sarakuna Hirohito suna jiran wani abu da zai taimaka musu wajen ceton fuska yayin da suke guje wa tayar da hankalin talakawa. Ko ta yaya za mu yi asara.
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Eileen Natuzzi likita ce mai saurin kamuwa da cutar ta jiki, likitan dabbobi, kuma tsohon mai binciken barkewar cutar COVID-19.
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