A cikin littafin sa na pre-COVID Killjoys: Ƙaunar Ƙaunar Uba (2017), dan asalin jihar mai suna Christopher Snowdon yayi rahoto game da haɓaka da kuma mummunar tasirin abin da ya kira "'yan uwa uba na lafiyar jama'a." Waɗannan mutanen ba ƙwararrun masana kiwon lafiyar jama'a ba ne da jami'ai waɗanda damuwarsu ita ce kare ɗaiɗaikun mutane daga cututtuka da sauran haɗarin kiwon lafiya waɗanda ke yaɗuwa sosai yayin da mutane ke rayuwa, aiki, da wasa kusa da kusanci da juna.
A maimakon haka, ’yan uwa masu kula da lafiyar jama’a su ne ’yan kasuwa da ke mai da hankali kan tattara kididdiga, kamar kaso na al’ummar kasar da ke da kiba, kuma suka ba da shawarar yin amfani da tilastawa jihohi don inganta ayyukan wadannan tarin.
Kowane irin wannan jimillar ƙididdiga shi ne kawai taƙaita matsayin lafiyar kowane ɗayan mutane da yawa waɗanda aka lasafta su mambobi ne na wasu rukuni, kamar "Amurkawa" ko "tsofaffi." Mahimmanci, kusan dukkanin waɗannan jimlar sakamakon kiwon lafiya da aka auna suna fitowa ne daga zaɓin mutum ɗaya wanda kowane mutum a cikin ƙungiyar ya ɗauka da son rai kuma yana shafar kowane mai yanke shawara a matsayin mutum ɗaya kawai.
Wato, kusan babu ɗayan waɗannan ƙididdigar jimlar sakamakon kiwon lafiya sakamakon abin da masana tattalin arziƙi ke kira "marasa kyau na waje," wanda ke faruwa lokacin da Smith ke fama da lalacewa ba saboda zaɓin kansa ba amma, a maimakon haka, saboda zaɓin da Jones ya yi ba tare da la'akari da mummunan sakamakon waɗannan zaɓin akan Smith ba.
Ganin cewa masu sassaucin ra'ayi na gargajiya, alal misali, sun ƙi rarraba ko da kiba mai yaɗuwa a matsayin matsalar lafiyar jama'a, masu kula da lafiyar jama'a suna rarraba kiba mai yawa a matsayin matsalar lafiyar jama'a. Mai sassaucin ra'ayi na gargajiya ya fahimci cewa kiba ba ta yaduwa; kowane mai kiba a karshe ya zabi ya yi salon rayuwa wanda zai haifar masa da kiba.
Don haka mai sassaucin ra'ayi na gargajiya ya fahimci cewa kiba matsala ce ta sirri - na mutum - lafiya, maimakon matsalar lafiyar jama'a. Sabanin haka, uban kiwon lafiyar jama'a ya yi tsalle daga (watakila daidai) lura da cewa yawancin wasu jama'a suna da kiba har zuwa ƙarshe cewa kiba shine matsalar lafiyar jama'a.
Kamar yadda Deirdre McCloskey ya jaddada daidai, hanyoyin da muke magana - "dabi'ar lebe" - al'amura.. Idan ana kiran kiba da "matsalar lafiyar jama'a," hanyar da za ta fi dacewa da ita don dorawa 'jama'a' alhakin 'warware matsalar kiba' - tare da, ba shakka, 'jama'a' suna yin aiki ta hanyar gwamnati. Kuma saboda kowane babban rukuni na mutane za su sami wasu adadin mutane a cikinsa waɗanda ke yin halayen da ke haifar da cutar da kansu, ƴan uwa na lafiyar jama'a za su sami sauƙin ganowa a cikin kididdigar da yawa "matsalolin lafiyar jama'a."
Hakika, duk wani zaɓi wanda zai iya yin mummunar tasiri ga lafiyar kowane mutum wanda ya yi wannan zaɓin shine tushen irin wannan "matsalolin kiwon lafiyar jama'a" ko da irin waɗannan zaɓin ba su da wani mummunan tasiri ga wasu mutane a cikin rukuni.
A cikin tunanin iyaye-kiwon lafiyar jama'a, siyasar jiki ta zama kusan jiki na zahiri. Jimillar (kamar yadda alkaluma suka bayyana) ana kula da su daidai da wani mahaluki da ke fama da matsalolin kiwon lafiya, yawancinsu za a iya warkar da su ta ƙungiyar likitocin wannan mahallin - wato, ƴan uwa na lafiyar jama'a. Kuma a cikin ƙasa mai yawan jama'a kamar na Amurka, adadin matsalolin kiwon lafiya daban-daban da ɗimbin jama'a ke fama da shi zai kasance mai yawa, don haka tabbatar da cewa babu ƙarshen dama ga ƴan uwa na kiwon lafiyar jama'a don amfani da ikon jihar don haramtawa da kuma tsara halayen mutane.
Amma kamar yadda Snowdon ya lura, ƴan uwa-uba kiwon lafiyar jama'a sun fahimci cewa, don tabbatar da ayyukansu, suna buƙatar fiye da nuna ƙididdiga masu ban tsoro da aka zana daga yawan jama'a. Aƙalla a cikin al'ummomin da ke da al'adar sassaucin ra'ayi - a cikin al'ummomin da tarihi suka ba da wasu ladabi ga daidaikun mutane don yin zaɓin nasu cikin yanci - ƴan uwa na lafiyar jama'a dole ne su ƙarfafa lamarin don aikinsu ta hanyar gamsar da jama'a cewa da alama yanke shawara masu zaman kansu ba na sirri ba ne.
Don haka masu kula da lafiyar jama'a suka dage, alal misali, cewa masu kiba ba su da laifi ga tallan da kamfanoni irin su McDonald's ke yi, yayin da masu shan taba sigari suka kama su a tarko da mugayen dabarun Big Tobacco da kuma matsin lamba na tsara na kawai kewaye da abokai masu shan taba.
A cewar masu kula da lafiyar jama'a, sabili da haka, kusan babu wani yanke shawara da ya shafi lafiyar mutane da gaske 'daya ne'. Kusan duk irin waɗannan yanke shawara ko dai an ƙaddara su ta hanyar ayyuka na ɓangare na uku, ko kuma su kansu suna shafar zaɓin ɓangarori na uku waɗanda ba su ji ba.
Babu wani abu na sirri da sirri; komai na siyasa ne da jama’a.
Domin a cewar masu kula da lafiyar jama’a, ɗimbin shawarwarin da ake ganin ‘masu zaman kansu’ duka ne sakamakon “na waje” da kuma su kansu abubuwan da ke haifar da “na waje,” aikin ƴan uwa na kiwon lafiyar jama’a yana da yawa, yayin da ikon da waɗannan ƙwararrun ‘ƙwararrun’ ke buƙata don kare lafiyar jikin siyasa yana da yawa.
Wannan karkatar da lafiyar jama'a ta yau da kullun zuwa halin uba na lafiyar jama'a yana da ban tsoro. Yayin da uban kiwon lafiyar jama’a ya zo ya mamaye wannan fanni, masu sha’awar yin nazari da gudanar da harkokin kiwon lafiyar jama’a za su kasance, sabanin masana da jami’ai na kiwon lafiyar jama’a na gargajiya, sun fi dagewa wajen fadada fannin kiwon lafiyar jama’a.
Uwargidan lafiyar jama'a za su yi fice a cikin duhun fasahar bayyana a matsayin 'jama'a' - don haka, a matsayin maƙasudan da suka dace na tsarin gwamnati - yawancin ayyukan da aka fahimta a al'ada kuma daidai a matsayin masu zaman kansu kuma, don haka, a matsayin makasudin da suka dace na tsarin gwamnati.
Nawa ne yawan ɓacin rai ga COVID-19 aka bayyana ta haɓakar uba da lafiyar jama'a? Ina zargin wani adadi mai yawa. Uwargidan-kiwon lafiyar jama'a ba wai kawai an riga an tsara su don fassara zaɓaɓɓu na sirri ba a matsayin waɗanda ke sanya 'mummunan waje' ga wasu ɓangarori na uku, kuma sun ƙware musamman wajen karkatar da fassarar su ga jama'a. Don haka duk da cewa ainihin kamuwa da kwayar cutar ta SARS-CoV-2 ta sanya ta zama ingantacciyar damuwa ta manyan masana kiwon lafiyar jama'a da jami'ai, an yi karin gishiri da kuma 'bayyana' sauran bangarorin Covid a cikin yunƙurin tabbatar da ikon gwamnati da wuce gona da iri kan al'amuran yau da kullun.
Mafi bayyanan misalin wani aiki da ake ɗaukarsa a matsayin mai zaman kansa kuma, don haka, ba a ƙarƙashin ikon gwamnati yadda ya kamata ba shine magana da rubutu. Tabbas, babu wanda ya taba inkarin cewa magana da rubutu suna da tasiri ga wasu; lallai canza tunanin wasu mutane da zukatansu shine ainihin dalilin yawan magana da rubutu.
Amma a cikin wayewa mai sassaucin ra'ayi, zato mai ƙarfi shine cewa za a amince da daidaikun mutane don yin hukunci da kansu ga cancanta ko rashin cancantar duk wani tunanin da suka fuskanta. Mun daɗe mun gane, kuma muna jin tsoron haɗarin barin jami'an gwamnati su sa ido da kuma murkushe maganganun lumana.
Duk da haka tare da COVID, wannan zato ya yi rauni sosai, idan ba (har yanzu) ya koma baya. Majalisar dokokin Amurka ya gudanar da zaman saurare don bincika "lalacewar da yaduwar cutar ta haifar da satar bayanan coronavirus akan layi don gwadawa da gano matakan da ake buƙata don dakatar da yaduwar da haɓaka ingantattun bayanan lafiyar jama'a," yayin da manyan jami'an kiwon lafiyar jama'a na gwamnatin Amurka suka yi ƙoƙarin yin hakan. yi kiɗa ƙoƙari na bata sunan Babban Sanarwar Barrington. Wani jami'in Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Cornell, yana rubutu a cikin New York Times, a bayyane da ake kira murkushe maganar likitocin da ba su yarda da ra'ayin 'kwararre' da ke kan gaba ba.
Maganar lumana da musayar ra'ayi yanzu manyan mutane da yawa suna ɗaukar su azaman tushen 'babban haɗari' masu haɗari. Kuma a cikin tunanin ’yan uwa-uba na lafiyar jama’a, hanya daya tilo da za ta kare ‘yan siyasa daga kamuwa da kamuwa da cutar da abin da su kansu ’yan uwa na kiwon lafiyar jama’a ke ganin ba gaskiya ba ne, ita ce gwamnati ta dakile yaduwar ra’ayoyin kwayar cutar ba kasa da yadda ta dakile yaduwar kwayar cutar kwayar cutar ba. Wannan mummunan ci gaba a lokacin COVID tabbas ya sami kwarin gwiwa ta haɓaka a cikin ƴan shekarun da suka gabata na iyayen uban kiwon lafiyar jama'a.
Rubuta daga AIER
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Donald J. Boudreaux, Babban Malami a Cibiyar Brownstone, Farfesa ne a fannin Tattalin Arziki a Jami'ar George Mason, inda yake da alaƙa da FA Hayek Shirin FA don Advanced Study a Falsafa, Siyasa, da Tattalin Arziki a Cibiyar Mercatus. Binciken nasa ya mayar da hankali kan cinikayyar kasa da kasa da dokar hana amana. Ya rubuta a Kafe Hayak.
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