Kalmar "anti-vaxxer" ta zama ruwan dare a zamaninmu ga duk wanda ya ƙi umarni ko kuma ya ƙi manyan gata na shari'a, kariya, haƙƙin mallaka, da tallafin da masana'antar ke samu a yau. Hakanan ya shafi waɗanda ke ƙoƙarin jawo hankali ga raunin da mutuwa da allurar rigakafi, wani lamari mai mahimmanci har ma da dannewa ga masana'antar da ta dogara da wani matakin amfani don nuna ƙimar zamantakewarta.
Lakabin ba koyaushe yake da ma'ana ko sau da yawa ba. Babban jigon wannan motsi yanzu - kuma wannan koyaushe gaskiya ne - shine a ƙi shiga tsakani a maimakon haka a ɗauki wannan masana'antar a matsayin wata a cikin kasuwa mai 'yanci (hamburgers, ruwan kwalba, injinan wanki, da sauransu), ba a ba da tallafi ba, ko kuma an ba da umarni, ko kuma an kare shi daga alhaki daga lahani da aka sanya masa. Idan aka cimma wannan burin, ƙungiyar "anti-vaxx" za ta ragu sosai.
Matsalar ita ce komai zurfin binciken da muka yi game da tarihin allurar riga-kafi a ƙasashen Yamma, musamman Amurka, mun ga cewa ba a taɓa ɗaukar allurar riga-kafi a matsayin wata kasuwa ta yau da kullun da za a iya karɓa ko ƙin amincewa da ita ba bisa ga fifikon masu amfani.
Hakika, idan wannan samfurin magunguna ya kasance mai ɗaukaka kamar yadda aka tallata shi, ya kamata ya sami isasshen buƙatar tattalin arziki don ya ci gaba da samun riba da gasa kamar kowace samfura. Abu ne mai sauƙi: bari wannan masana'antar ta fuskanci iska mai sanyi ta kasuwa mai 'yanci kuma ku ga abin da zai faru.
Tun daga farko dai, masana'antar allurar riga-kafi ta sami wani nau'i na alfarma a ƙarƙashin doka. Na yi cikakken bayani game da wannan. tarihi a nan.
Wannan yana haifar da zato cewa wani abu ba daidai ba ne. Wataƙila waɗannan samfuran ba su da aminci ko tasiri, in ba haka ba me yasa jama'a za su buƙaci irin wannan matsin lamba? Raunin da aka samu daga harbi yana ƙara ƙarfafa sha'awar aƙalla sanya su cikin son rai da kuma dakatar da tallafin kuɗi da kariyar alhaki. Bugu da ƙari, umarni ba su haifar da ƙaruwar yawan allurar riga-kafi ba a tarihi, sai dai ƙarin juriya ga jama'a da ƙarancin farashi.
Misali mai kyau shine Ƙungiyar Hana Allurar Rigakafi ta Leicester ta shekarun 1870 da 1880 a Ingila. Wannan yana ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyin hana allurar riga-kafi mafi inganci a tarihin Yamma. Ya taso ne saboda Dokar Rigakafi ta 1867 kamar yadda Majalisar Dokoki ta zartar bisa ga matsin lamba na masana'antu da kuma canjin da aka saba gani (babu abin da ya canza).
Wannan Dokar ta wajabta yin allurar riga-kafi ga dukkan yara har zuwa shekaru 14. Ta biya masu allurar riga-kafi shilling 1 da 3 a kowace allurar riga-kafi da ta yi nasara (daidai da yanzu). Ta bukaci masu rijistar haihuwa su bayar da sanarwar yin allurar riga-kafi cikin kwana bakwai bayan rajistar haihuwar yaro (daidai). Rashin bin doka ya haifar da hukuncin aikata laifi da kuma tarar har zuwa shilling 20 (miliyoyin mutane sun rasa matsuguni a sana'a kwanan nan bayan allurar rigakafin Covid). Dokar ta sanya hukunci mai maimaitawa har sai an yi wa yaron allurar riga-kafi (daidai: likitoci sun rasa lasisi). Rashin biyan kuɗi na iya haifar da ɗaurin kurkuku (wasu sun je gidan yari a wannan karon). Ta kuma haramta variolation (tsohuwar hanyar kamuwa da cuta da ke haifar da amsawar garkuwar jiki) tare da ɗaurin kurkuku har zuwa wata ɗaya.
Tambayar da nake yi wa kaina game da wannan lokacin: idan allurar riga-kafi ta fi ta canji, me ya sa irin wannan hoopla da tallafi suka zama dole ga ɗaya ya maye gurbin ɗayan, har zuwa hukuncin laifuka don amfani da tsohuwar hanyar? Ba ni da amsar, sai dai in ce wannan wata hanya ce da wannan masana'antar ke adawa da yanayin kasuwa inda kirkire-kirkire koyaushe ke maye gurbin ƙarancin fasaha.
A takaice dai, Dokar Allurar Rigakafi ta 1867 ta kasance wata babbar doka, wadda aka zartar a lokacin da ake fuskantar karuwar kin amincewa da jama'a wanda ya samo asali a cikin rabin karni tun lokacin da shahararren Edward Jenner ya fara jawo hankali ga sabuwar hanyar maye gurbin variolation. Duk da cewa ba a taɓa yin tambaya game da ingancin garkuwar jiki daga cutar cowpox zuwa smallpox ba, raunin da aka samu daga allurar riga-kafi (ta hanyar yanke hannu, shaƙa ta hanci, kuma daga baya aka yi masa allura) ya kasance jigo tun daga shekarun 1790.
An kafa ƙungiyar hana allurar rigakafi ta Leicester a shekarar 1869, don mayar da martani ga matakin da gwamnati ta ɗauka. A lokacin da take kan gaba, tana da membobi 100,000. Jigon da suka yi ya kasance iri ɗaya: tsafta mai kyau da tsafta mai kyau sun isa su biya buƙatun lafiyar jama'a. Ƙungiyar ta yi imanin cewa an fi fifita allurar rigakafi fiye da matakan kiwon lafiyar jama'a na gargajiya. An ɗauki wannan a matsayin wani motsi na martani.
Shari'o'in da aka shigar a Leicester saboda rashin yin allurar riga-kafi sun tashi daga 2 a shekarar 1869 zuwa 1,154 a shekarar 1881, kuma sama da 3,000 a shekarar 1884. Daruruwan sun fuskanci tara ko ɗaurin kurkuku; wasu iyaye sun zaɓi ɗaurin kurkuku a matsayin zanga-zangar da aka yi da gangan. Ba a taɓa yin bikin wannan motsi mai kama da Gandhi ba, amma a maimakon haka an ɗauke shi a matsayin wani tawaye mara hankali na masu adawa da kimiyya na rashin sani.
Ko a wancan lokacin, ƙungiyar ta yi watsi da maganganun batanci da ake yi wa kafofin watsa labarai. Saboda abin da a yau ake ɗauka a matsayin "bayanai marasa tushe," shan allurar riga-kafi ya ragu sakamakon tilastawa, daga kashi 90 cikin ɗari a lokacin da ya kai kololuwa a shekarar 1870 zuwa kashi 1 cikin ɗari kacal a shekarar 1890. Jadawalin da ke ƙasa ya fito ne daga Mujallar Tarihin Likitanci, "Leicester da Ƙwayar Fuka: Hanyar Leicester"na Stuart MF Fraser. Ba shine karo na farko ko na ƙarshe da aka ba da umarni ya haifar da sakamako daban-daban na waɗanda aka yi niyya ba.
Yunkurin ya karu duk da tsauraran hanyoyi da zalunci, saboda ci gaba da raunin allurar riga-kafi da kuma karuwar fahimtar cewa allurar ba ta da tasiri wajen tsaftace wuraren jama'a kamar ruwa mai tsafta, abinci, da tsafta. Saboda ribar masana'antu ta fi yawa daga allurar riga-kafi fiye da tsafta da wanke hannu, majiyoyin hukuma sun dauki allurar riga-kafi a matsayin wani nau'in sihiri. Saboda haka, an ga karancin shan allurar a matsayin hasashen bala'in lafiyar jama'a.
Abin mamaki ga mutane da yawa, kamuwa da cutar ƙanjamau ya ragu a lokacin da ake yawan jure wa allurar riga-kafi, fiye da sauran birane. Kamar yadda Fraser ya rubuta, tare da ɗan rashin yarda, "Leicester misali ne, wataƙila na farko, inda aka gabatar da matakan da suka shafi dogaro gaba ɗaya kan allurar riga-kafi cikin nasara don kawar da cutar daga cikin al'umma."
Injiniyan tsafta kuma memba na majalisar gari JT Biggs a shekarar 1912 ya buga wani littafi mai shafuka 800 da aka yi nazari a kai (Leicester: Tsaftacewa da Allurar Rigakafi) yana neman nuna wani abu mai sauƙi amma mai sarkakiya: "Leicester ba wai kawai tana da ƙarancin cutar pox fiye da kowace gari mai irin wannan hali ba, har ma da ƙarancin allurar riga-kafi."
Sakamakon ƙarfin gwiwa da sakamakon gwaji na umarnin refuseniks, ƙungiyar ta ci gaba da ƙaruwa. Abin da ya fi shahara shi ne zanga-zangar Leicester a ranar 23 ga Maris, 1885. Har zuwa mahalarta 80,000–100,000, waɗanda suka jawo wakilai daga wasu ƙungiyoyi sama da 50 na hana allurar riga-kafi, sun yi zanga-zanga a kan tituna don mayar da martani ga umarnin.
Muzaharar ta ƙunshi tutoci masu taken 'yanci, mazan da aka daure saboda ƙin yin allurar riga-kafi, iyalai waɗanda aka kwace musu kayansu saboda rashin biyan tara, akwatin gawar yaro da ke nuna mutuwar allurar riga-kafi, wanda babu shakka gaskiya ne. Wannan motsi ya bazu zuwa kowane birni.
Wannan motsi yana da ƙarfi sosai har Majalisa ta yanke shawarar da kanta ta kira Hukumar Sarauta don bincika alluran rigakafi gabaɗaya, wanda ya haɗu daga 1889-1896. Ta tabbatar da ƙimar allurar rigakafi amma ta ba da shawarar kawo ƙarshen hukunci ga rashin bin ƙa'ida da kuma gabatar da sashin "ƙin yarda da lamiri". An zartar da waɗannan batutuwa a cikin Dokar Allurar Rigakafi ta 1898.
Wannan Dokar ba ta gamsar da kowace ɓangare a muhawarar ba. Masana'antar ta buƙaci umarni, kamar yadda take yi a da, yayin da ƙungiyar da ke adawa da umarni ta girma kawai. Ƙungiyar Leicester League ta zama Ƙungiyar Yaƙi da Allurar Rigakafi ta Ƙasa wadda ta ci gaba da ƙoƙarinta, wanda daga ƙarshe ya haifar da soke dukkan umarni a Burtaniya a shekarar 1948.
Masana'antar Burtaniya ta matsa lamba don sanya takunkumin rigakafi a shari'ar Covid - musamman ga ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya - amma kotuna sun soke su. Sakamakon haka, kuma galibi saboda wannan dogon tarihi, umarnin bai yi tsauri ba kamar na Amurka ko mafi yawan Turai.
Duk da haka, rashin kyawun aikin allurar rigakafin Covid ya haifar da ƙarin kin amincewa da allurar riga-kafi gabaɗaya, amma ba kamar abin da ya faru a zamanin Victoria ba ne, lokacin da wani taron jama'a ya yi nasarar shawo kan mummunan tsarin tilasta yin allurar riga-kafi da masana'antu ke goyon baya.
Banda duk wani magana, wuce gona da iri, da kuma tsattsauran ra'ayi, duk waɗannan ƙungiyoyin sun taɓa son - tun daga shekarun 1790 zuwa yau - wannan samfurin ya kasance ƙarƙashin tsarin kasuwa na wadata da buƙata, ba tare da wani shiri da aka tsara don tallafawa masana'antar ba. Idan allurar rigakafi ta samar da fa'ida ga mutum ɗaya da al'umma, zai iya kuma ya kamata ya rayu da kansa.
Bai kamata wannan ya zama abin tambaya ba. Abin baƙin ciki ga wannan masana'antu da jama'a, ta daɗe tana cin gajiyar kusancinta da gwamnati yayin da take dogara da ɗabi'un amfani don share haɗari da raunuka a ƙarƙashin rufin. Muddin hakan gaskiya ne, juriyar jama'a za ta ƙaru a kowane lokaci na umarnin allurar riga-kafi da kuma bayyanannun shaidar raunin allurar riga-kafi (idan an danne).
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Jeffrey Tucker shine Wanda ya kafa, Mawallafi, kuma Shugaban Kasa a Cibiyar Brownstone. Shi ne kuma babban masanin tattalin arziki na Epoch Times, marubucin littattafai 10, ciki har da Rayuwa Bayan Kulle, da dubunnan labarai da yawa a cikin jaridu masu ilimi da shahararru. Yana magana da yawa akan batutuwan tattalin arziki, fasaha, falsafar zamantakewa, da al'adu.
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