A ranar 24 ga Fabrairu, 1985, The New York Times An buga "Ƙarshen Kwanaki na Girma don Magunguna." Labarin ya ambaci haɓakar gasa da kuma haƙƙin doka a matsayin alamun cewa “manyan kamfanonin magunguna sun sami kansu kwatsam cikin irin matsalolin da suka addabi masana’antu marasa kyan gani na shekaru.”
"Ba makawa wasu [kamfanonin] za su fuskanci alhaki mai ban mamaki da kuma dogon shari'o'in kotu kan magungunan da aka amince da su wadanda daga baya suka zama marasa laifi," in ji dan jarida Winston Williams. rubuta.
Tabbas, kwanakin ɗaukaka ba su ƙare ga Big Pharma ba.
Daga 2000 zuwa 2018, kamfanonin harhada magunguna 35 sun ba da rahoton yawan kudaden shiga na dala tiriliyan 11.5. A binciken ya samu cewa wannan ya kasance "mafi girma fiye da sauran manyan kamfanoni na jama'a a lokaci guda."
Kudin shiga na shekara-shekara na Pfizer ya tashi daga dala biliyan 3.8 a 1984 zuwa rikodi $ 100 biliyan a cikin 2022. Kayayyakin kamfanin na Covid, gami da rigakafinta da Paxlovid sun kai dala biliyan 57 na wannan kudin shiga.
Gwamnatin Amurka ta ba da daloli na masu biyan haraji akai-akai don kudaden shiga na Big Pharma tare da kare kamfanonin da ke amfana daga farashin ƙarar.
Siyayyar tarayya na Pfizer da na Moderna's mRNA Covid alluran sun cika fiye da $ 25 biliyan. Gwamnati biya Moderna Dala biliyan 2.5 na kudaden masu biyan haraji don haɓaka rigakafin, kuma Shugaba Biden ya yi kira ga shugabannin yankin da su yi amfani da kuɗin jama'a cin hancin ’yan kasa don samun harbi.
Waɗannan sabbin kwanakin ɗaukaka ba su da “babban alhaki” waɗanda a da ke ɗaukar alhakin kamfanoni masu zaman kansu. Jama'a ba za su iya kai ƙarar masana'antun rigakafin rigakafi - gami da Pfizer, Moderna, da Johnson & Johnson - don duk wani lahani da ya haifar daga harbin Covid.
A cikin Fabrairu 2020, Sakataren Lafiya da Ayyukan Jama'a Alex Azar ya yi kira ga ikonsa a ƙarƙashin Dokar Shiryewar Jama'a da Shirye-shiryen Gaggawa (PREP) bayar da kariya ga abin alhaki ga kamfanonin likitanci don mayar da martani ga Covid.
Azar akai-akai gyara odar ci gaba da ba da kariya ga kamfanonin harhada magunguna. Rahoton Majalisa ya bayyana wannan yana nufin cewa kamfanoni "ba za a iya gurfanar da su don biyan diyya a kotu ba" idan sun fada ƙarƙashin kariyar umarnin Azar.
Ba'amurke sun ɗauki farashi mai alaƙa da samar da samfuran kamfanin da siyan kayan rigakafin. A sakamakon haka, sun fuskanci hukunce-hukuncen daukar hotunan mRNA, kuma sun rasa haƙƙinsu na ɗaukar ikon kasuwanci da laifin rashin gaskiya.
Wannan tsari ya rushe manufar Kwaskwarimar Bakwai kuma ya haifar da sabon tsarin "kwanakin daukaka" don Big Pharma.
Rusa Kwaskwarimar Bakwai
Kwaskwarimar na Bakwai yana ba da tabbacin haƙƙin shari'ar juri a cikin shari'o'in farar hula. A lokacin da aka amince da shi a shekara ta 1791, masu fafutukar neman gyare-gyaren sun nemi kare haƙƙin ƴan ƙasa daga ikon kasuwanci da za su lalata tsarin shari'a don amfanin kansu.
In Manomin Tarayya IV (1787). jãyayya cewa tsarin juri yana da "mahimmanci a kowace ƙasa mai 'yanci" don kiyaye 'yancin kai na shari'a. Ba tare da kariyar Kwaskwarimar Bakwai ba, sojojin hegemonic - "wanda aka haifa sosai" - za su yi amfani da ikon shari'a, kuma za su kasance "gaba ɗaya, kuma a zahiri ma, don fifita waɗanda ke bayanin nasu."
Sir William Blackstone ya kira shari'ar juri "darajar dokar Ingila." Kamar Manomin Tarayya IV, shi rubuta cewa rashin juri zai haifar da tsarin shari'a wanda mazaje ke gudanar da su tare da "bias involuntary bias to those of their own rank and mutunci."
Sanarwar 'Yancin Kai ta lissafta kin Sarki George III na "fa'idodin shari'a ta juri" ga 'yan mulkin mallaka a matsayin korafin da ya kai ga juyin juya halin Amurka.
Ƙarnuka bayan haka, mun koma tsarin da ke hana ƴan ƙasa damar yin shari'ar juri don amfanin muradun kasuwanci.
Ƙofar jujjuyawar tsakanin Big Pharma da gwamnati, haɗe tare da musun shari'ar da alkalai suka yi, yana barazanar cewa waɗanda ke kula da ƙa'ida da tsarin shari'a za su fifita "waɗanda suke da daraja da mutuncinsu."
Alex Azar, Sakataren HHS da ke da alhakin aiwatar da Dokar PREP, shi ne shugaban sashen Amurka na Eli Lilly daga 2012 zuwa 2017. A can, ya lura gagarumin farashin karuwa ga kwayoyi. Alal misali, Eli Lilly ninka farashin na maganin insulin daga 2011 zuwa 2016.
A cikin 2018, Labaran Lafiya na Kaiser samu "Kusan tsoffin ma'aikatan majalisa 340 a yanzu suna aiki ga kamfanonin harhada magunguna ko kuma kamfanonin da ke fafutuka."
Scott Gottlieb ya yi murabus a matsayin Kwamishinan FDA a cikin 2019 shiga Hukumar Gudanarwar Pfizer, matsayin da ke biyan $365,000 a kowace shekara. Gottlieb ya ci gaba da bayar da shawarwari kulle-kulle da tantancewa a lokacin Covid, koda karfafa Twitter don kashe pro-alurar rigakafin likitocin da suka tattauna rigakafi na halitta.
Mai ba da shawara a Fadar White House Steve Richetti ya yi aiki a matsayin mai fafutuka na tsawon shekaru ashirin kafin ya shiga gwamnatin Biden. Abokan cinikinsa sun haɗa da Novartis, Eli Lilly, da Pfizer. The New York Times ya kwatanta shi a matsayin "daya daga cikin masu ba da shawara [Biden] masu aminci, kuma wani Mista Biden zai kusan juya zuwa lokacin rikici ko kuma cikin mawuyacin hali."
Kamar dai yadda Blackstone yayi gargadin, wannan tsarin yana bawa masu iko damar kebe wadanda suke "mutunsu da mutuncinsu" daga lissafin shari'ar juri.
Farfesa Suja Thomas ya rubuta cewa "Jury's 'reshe' na gwamnati ne - mai kama da na zartarwa, majalisa, da kuma bangaren shari'a - wanda ba a san shi da kariya ba" ta hannun jiga-jigan doka da kamfanoni.
Amma gwamnatin tarayya da Big Pharma sun kwace aikin juri a matsayin “reshe” na gwamnati. Sakamakon - mafi karfi da karfi a cikin al'ummarmu suna yaki da tsarin shari'a don kare bukatun su - wani ɓangare ne abin da Framers suka tsara Kwaskwarimar Bakwai don adawa.
Mafi kyawun Kuɗin Tsaron Shari'a Za Su Iya Sayi
Pfizer da Big Pharma sun sayi wannan garkuwar abin alhaki ta hanyar ingantattun kamfen ɗin tallan da talla.
Binciken Pharmaceutical da Masana'antun Amurka (PRMA) ƙungiya ce ta kasuwanci wacce ke zaɓe a madadin Big Pharma. Membobinta sun hada da Pfizer, Johnson & Johnson, da AstraZeneca.
Kungiyar ta kashe dala miliyan 85 lobbying daga 2020 zuwa 2022 kuma kusan dala miliyan 250 a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata.
Wannan kaso ne kawai na kudaden da Big Pharma ke kashewa kan tasirin gwamnati. Daga 2020 zuwa 2022, masana'antar magunguna da samfuran kiwon lafiya ya kashe dala biliyan 1 wajen yin lobbying.
Ga mahallin mahallin, wannan ya ninka fiye da sau biyar banki kasuwanci masana'antu da aka kashe akan lobbying a lokaci guda. A cikin waɗancan shekaru ukun, Big Pharma ya kashe kuɗi fiye da na mai, gas, barasa, cãca, noma, Da kuma tsaro masana'antu hade.
Baya ga siyan tallafin jami'an gwamnati, Big Pharma ya sadaukar da karin albarkatu don siyan zukata da tunanin jama'ar Amurka da kafafen yada labarai.
Kamfanonin Pharmaceutical kashe kudi sosai akan talla da tallace-tallace fiye da bincike da haɓakawa (R&D) yayin Covid.
A cikin 2020, Pfizer ya kashe dala biliyan 12 akan tallace-tallace da tallace-tallace da dala biliyan 9 akan R&D. A wannan shekarar, Johnson & Johnson ya ba da dala biliyan 22 don tallace-tallace da tallace-tallace da dala biliyan 12 ga R&D.
Yunkurin masana'antar ya sami lada. Biliyoyin daloli a cikin tallace-tallace sun haifar da miliyoyin jama'ar Amurkawa shirye-shiryen da Pfizer ke ɗaukar nauyin. The latsa tallata samfuran su kuma ba kasafai aka ambata tarihin Big Pharma na arzurta zalunci, zamba, Da kuma roƙon laifi.
Bayan fitowar Rahoton Shekara-shekara na Pfizer na 2022, Shugaba Albert Bourla ya jaddada muhimmancin abokin ciniki ta "tabbataccen hasashe" na Pharmaceutical giant.
Bourla ya ce "2022 shekara ce mai cike da tarihi ga Pfizer, ba wai kawai ta fuskar kudaden shiga da kuma abin da aka samu a kowane kaso ba, wanda ya kasance mafi girma a cikin dogon tarihinmu," in ji Bourla. "Amma mafi mahimmanci, dangane da adadin marasa lafiya waɗanda ke da kyakkyawar fahimta game da Pfizer da aikin da muke yi."
Masana'antar ta sadaukar da biliyoyin daloli wajen murde Amurkawa wajen daukar kayayyakinta yayin da gwamnatinsu ta kwace musu hakkinsu na shari'a; 'yan kasa, ba tare da ikon yin la'akari da kamfanoni a gaban kotu ba, ci gaba da bayar da tallafi gwamnatin tarayya-pharmaceutical hegemon tare da harajin dalar su.
Hasali ma, gwamnatin tarayya ta sayar da gyare-gyare na bakwai ga babbar rundunar masu fafutuka a kasar. Wannan ya mayar da mulki daga ƴan ƙasa zuwa masu mulki na ƙasa kuma ya yi musayar haƙƙin tsarin mulki don garkuwar abin alhaki na kamfani.
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William Spruance lauya ne mai aiki kuma wanda ya kammala digiri na Cibiyar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Georgetown. Ra'ayoyin da aka bayyana a cikin labarin gaba ɗaya nasa ne ba lallai ba ne na ma'aikacinsa.
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