Karatun Deborah Birx mummuna rubuta, mara kyau gyara Mamaye Silent, wanda aka buga a ƙarshen Afrilu 2022, ba shi da sauƙi. A gaskiya ma, yana da ban sha'awa mai ban sha'awa, musamman ma idan ka yi ƙoƙari ka karanta kowace kalma kuma ba ka yi la'akari da ɗimbin digressions, maimaitawa, da ma'anar shafuka masu yawa ba.
Duk da haka, a cewar The Atlantic, shi ne "littafin da ya fi bayyana annoba tukuna," yana yin cikakken bayanin yadda "Tawagar Trump ta dakile cutar."
Na yarda cewa wannan mai shafi 521 “labari mai ban tsoro” (kamar The New York Times ya kira shi) hakika yana bayyanawa. Koyaya, ba shi da alaƙa da Trump ko menene The Atlantic na iya yin la'akari da botching annoba.
Mafi bayyanar sassan littafin sune:
1) iƙirarin game da Birx da kanta cewa, idan an bincika ta kusa, ba ta da ma'ana kaɗan, tana ɗauke da rashin daidaituwa, ko saba wa wasu da'awar da aka yi a cikin littafin da sauran wurare; kuma
2) da'awar rashin hankali game da cututtukan cututtukan cuta da lafiyar jama'a gabaɗaya, da SARS-CoV-2 musamman, Birx ta maimaita ta a matsayin gaskiyar kimiyya yayin da a zahiri ba komai bane.
Binciken waɗannan ikirari yana da mahimmanci saboda sun taɓo mahimman tambayoyin cutar sankara: Wanene ya yanke mummunan shawarar manufofin cutar kuma, watakila mafi ban mamaki da mahimmanci, me yasa?
Anan na bincika ɓarnar da ke tattare da nadin Deborah Birx a matsayin mai ba da amsa na coronavirus na Fadar White House, sannan kimiyyar datti da ta tura da karfi da zarar ta isa wurin.
Ta yaya ta sami aikin?
Ban yi hira da Dr. Birx a kai ba, amma na karanta littafinta, da kuma labarai game da ita da kuma hira da ita. Dangane da wadannan duka, na hada Tambaya&A wanda tambayoyin nawa ne, kuma amsoshi na magana ne a zahiri daga Mamaye Silent, har da Shaidar Dr. Birx gaban Kwamitin Zaɓe kan Rikicin Coronavirus a Majalisar Wakilan Amurka a ranar 12 ga Oktoba, 2021, da sauran tambayoyi.
Lambobin shafi daga littafin da lambobin layi daga rubutun ji suna cikin bakan gizo. Hakanan an haɗa hanyoyin haɗi zuwa wasu labarai da tambayoyi.
Tambaya: Dr. Birx, an ɗauke ku a hukumance a matsayin Mai Gudanarwa na Amsar Coronavirus a Fadar White House ranar 27 ga Fabrairu, 2020. Wanene ya ba ku aikin?
A: Abokina Matt [Pottinger], mataimakin mai ba da shawara kan harkokin tsaro na kasa (shafi na 32)
A cikin zaman majalisa na ranar 12 ga Oktoba, 2021, kun ce ba ku san dalili ba Matt Pottinger shine wanda ya tuntube ku don wannan aikin (layi na 1505-1507). Yana da alama cewa Matt zai kasance mai kula da nada mai kula da martanin cutar, tunda lafiyar jama'a da cututtukan cututtukan ba su kasance cikin kwarewarsa ba. Kamar yadda Lawrence Wright ya ruwaito a The New Yorker a watan Disambar 2020, "a cikin gwamnati mai yawan hayaniya, ya kasance cikin nutsuwa ya zama ɗaya daga cikin mutane masu tasiri da ke tsara manufofin ketare na Amurka." To me yasa ya sake daukar ku aiki?
Na san shi ta wurin matarsa. Na san matarsa sosai. Na yi aiki da ita a CDC. (layi na 1507-1509)
Matar Matt, Yen Pottinger, abokin naku ne?
Tsohon abokin aiki a CDC kuma amintaccen aboki da maƙwabci (shafi na 32)
Don haka Matt Pottinger ba abokin gaske bane, matarsa ce kuka kasance abokai?
Na san Matt ta idanunta tsawon shekaru uku ko hudu. (layi na 1526-1529)
Me kuka ce a cikin ku Hirar Face the Nation a ranar 24 ga Janairu, 2021 game da dangantakar ku da Matt da Yen Pottinger?
Na san shi kuma na dade da sanin matarsa. Mun yi aiki kan cututtuka tare. Dukanmu mun kasance a Asiya lokacin SARS. Don haka mun fahimci yadda wannan zai iya tafiya da gaske
Tambayoyi masu biyo baya:
- Matt da Yen sun yi aure a cikin 2014. Shin kun san Matt kafin wannan?
[Ba a samo AMSA ba]
- Lokacin da ka ce kayi aiki akan annoba tare, ba kuna nufin ku da Matt Pottinger ba. Kuna nufin ku da Yen Pottinger sunyi aiki akan binciken AIDS a CDC a wani lokaci yayin da kuke can, tsakanin 2007 da 2014. Daidai?
A
- Dangane da ku da Matt, lokacin da kuka ce ku biyu kuna cikin Asiya a lokacin SARS - kuna nufin baya a cikin 2002-2003, kuna cikin Thailand kuna yin bincike kan rigakafin cutar kanjamau wanda bai taɓa yin tasiri ba, kuma Matt ɗan rahoto ne na Reuters da Wall Street Journal a China?
iya [ref ref]
Kai ne shugaban Yen Pottinger a CDC lokacin da kake aiki a sashen Global HIV/AIDS, matsayin da ka bari a 2014. Me za ka iya gaya mana game da abotarka da Yen daga lokacin da ka bar wannan aikin har Matt ya ba ka matsayin Covid Task Force?
A cikin shekaru uku muna aiki tare a CDC, na yi mamakin iyawarta a cikin lab. (shafi na 32)
Tun a tsakiyar watan Janairu, ni da Yen muna tattaunawa game da barkewar cutar a China. Yayin da abubuwan suka faru, mun raba kowane irin fahimta, bayanai, da damuwa da muke da su. (shafi na 32)
Kai da Yen kuna tattaunawa game da damuwar ku da suka fara daga tsakiyar Janairu. Kun ce kuna sadarwa da Matt tun da wuri fiye da haka?
Kashe kuma a farkon Janairu 2020, Zan raba tunanina tare da Matt: game da mafi girman hoto, game da yadda martanin kwayar cutar a Amurka ya kamata ya tafi, da kuma yadda Fadar White House za ta iya sarrafa saƙon ta a kusa da kwayar cutar (shafi na 33)
Yaya kuka yi magana da Matt?
A cikin hanyoyin sadarwa na ta baya tare da Matt, na tattara duk bayanan da ake samu a bainar jama'a da nake tattarawa da yin nazari, na haɗa ɗigon don ƙirƙirar hoto mai mahimmanci, na aika zuwa Yen don tura masa. (shafi na 34)
Don haka shin kuna sadarwa da Yen a matsayin aboki ko kuma a matsayin wacce ta gabatar da damuwar ku, ta hanyar mijinta, zuwa Fadar White House?
A cikin sadarwa tare da Matt, na tabbatar za su sami duk abin da nake gani, don amfani da su yayin tarurrukan Fadar White House. Na sanar da Yen cewa farkon bayanan da aka samu sun nuna cewa barkewar cutar ta Wuhan da yaduwar cutar za ta kasance, aƙalla, sau goma abin da SARS ta kasance. (shafi na 34-35)
Me ya sa kuke tattaunawa da mataimakin mai ba da shawara kan harkokin tsaro ta hanyar matarsa?
Don dalilai na keɓancewa da tsaro, ban shirya yin amfani da imel ɗin fadar White House ba. Na amince cewa Matt zai raba bayanin tare da waɗanda suke buƙata kuma ba zai bayyana cewa ni ne tushensa ba. (shafi na 34)
Lokacin da kuka ce "dalili na sirri da tsaro," me kuke nufi?
Tsoron koma baya don fita waje da wurin da nake da alhakin, na tambaye shi kada ya yi amfani da sunana lokacin da nake tattaunawa da ra'ayoyi da bayanan da nake bayarwa. (shafi na 60)
Kuna aika Matt Pottinger, mataimakin mai ba da shawara kan harkokin tsaro na kasa mai cikakken tsaro, bayanan da kuka ce suna samuwa a bainar jama'a, ta hanyar imel na sirri na matarsa, ya mika wa Fadar White House ba tare da bayyana ku a matsayin tushensa ba?
Na sami damar samun ƙarin bayanan da ba a ba da rahoto ba, ainihin bayanan duniya (shafi na 57)
Ta hanyar aikinta, Irum [Zaidi, babban masanin cutar na PEPFAR kuma mai ba da bayanai] ya san wani “mutumin bayanai,” wanda ke da damar samun alkaluma game da sabon coronavirus daga ko'ina cikin duniya da takamaiman bayanai daga China. Wannan mutumi yana cikin haɗari sosai wajen isar da shi ga Irum, kuma ƙarfin halinsa ya zama misali ga dukanmu. (shafi na 59)
Don haka yanzu kuna cewa kuna samun bayanan sirri (ba a bayyane ba) daga China wanda ba ya samuwa ga Matt Pottinger (ko da yake shi ne mataimakin mai ba da shawara kan harkokin tsaro na Asiya), kuma ya ba shi ta hanyar sadarwar sirri da matarsa, da fatan yin tasiri ga manufofin Fadar White House?
Abin da na ke so in yi shi ne ayyana ayyukan da ake yi kan ƙwayar cuta da ke tasowa bisa bayanan. A cikin shekarun da nake aiki tare da manyan shugabanni a duniya, na yi amfani da ma'auni don motsa tunani da tsara manufofi, tsayawa a bayan bayanai don tabbatar da canje-canje (shafi na 34)
Na yi magana da Matt cewa muna buƙatar karya wannan sarkar da ke haɗa littafin coronavirus zuwa SARS da mura na yanayi tare da mayar da hankali kan gwaji, cikakken ragewa, saka abin rufe fuska, ingantaccen tsabta, da ƙarin warewar jama'a. (shafi na 38)
Don haka kun ji aikinku ne don ba Matt Pottinger takamaiman shawarwarin manufofin kiwon lafiyar jama'a ga Fadar White House da daɗewa kafin a ɗauke ku aiki don matsayin aiki. Amma ya ba ku aiki tun farkon Nuwamba 2019, daidai?
A cikin Nuwamba 2019, jim kadan bayan ya daidaita cikin sabon aikinsa, Matt ya sanar da ni cewa yana son in yi aiki a Fadar White House a wani matsayi a matsayin mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kiwon lafiyar jama'a. (shafi na 33)
Shin kun san cewa lokacin tayin Matt ya zo daidai da rahoton leken asiri (Pentagon ya musanta) daga Cibiyar Leken Asirin Kiwon Lafiya ta Kasa (NCMI) game da wata cuta mai hatsarin gaske da ta riga ta yadu a China a watan Nuwamba 2019?
[Ba a samo AMSA ba]
Menene mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kiwon lafiyar jama'a? Wannan yana da nasaba da Hukumar Tsaro ta Kasa (NSC) wacce, a cikin littafinku, kuka ce ta dauke ku aiki ta hanyar Matt?
Hukumar NSC ta ga rahotannin farko daga China da Asiya kafin isowata. Lallai, ta hanyar Matt Pottinger, su ne suka ɗauke ni aiki zuwa Fadar White House don ƙarfafa gargaɗinsu. (shafi na 169)
NSC da Matt Pottinger sun riga sun ga bayanan farko daga China da kuka ce kuna wucewa zuwa Matt ta Yen?
Hukumar NSC ta ga rahotannin farko daga China da Asiya kafin isowata. (shafi na 169)
Lokacin da kuka ba da labarin yadda Matt ya kira ya ba ku aikin runduna a ranar 23 da 24 ga Fabrairu, kun bayyana cewa yana da damar samun bayanan da ba ku yi ba, daidai?
Gaggawar Matt yana wakiltar wani matakin damuwa: wanda ba a sani ba. Idan ya damu, me kuma ke faruwa? Me kuma zai faru? Tare da ɗayan mafi girman izinin tsaro, Matt ya sami dama ga kowane irin bayanan da ban yi ba. (shafi na 61)
Don haka Matt Pottinger, mataimakin mai ba da shawara kan harkokin tsaro na Asiya kuma babban mai tasiri kan manufofin ketare, tare da ɗayan mafi girman matakan tsaro, ya dogara da ku don bayanin da ba ya samuwa gare shi in ba haka ba, ko a'a?
[DUBI AMSOSHIN A SAMA]
A zaman majalisar wakilai a watan Oktoba 2021, me kuka ce game da sadarwar ku da Matt da Yen Pottinger game da cutar?
[Sun] kai ni game da abin da nake gani a duniya, abin da nake tsammanin wannan zai zama, kuma muna sadarwa da farko game da abin da muke gani a duniya game da cutar. Kuma ƙarin game da martanin duniya fiye da martanin Fadar White House musamman. (layi na 308-309)
Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, kun karɓi tayin aikin Fadar White House daga Matt Pottinger a baya a cikin Nuwamba 2019. A zaman majalisa an tambaye ku lokacin da tattaunawar ku da Yen da Matt ta canza zuwa yuwuwar ku "daukar rawa." (layi na 318) Menene amsar ku ga kwamitin?
A ƙarshen Janairu, suna neman wanda zai yi magana da jama'ar Amurka game da cutar da abin da ake yi. (layi na 319-321)
A cikin littafin ku kun bayyana wannan tayin, ranar 28 ga Janairu, kamar yadda aka shirya ta Yen, matar Matt. Daidai?
A ranar 28 ga Janairu… Na sami rubutu daga Yen Pottinger. (shafi na 32) Yen ya san cewa zan kasance a harabar Fadar White House don ganawa ta da Erin Walsh, kuma saƙon da ta aiko mani ya ce Matt yana da “shawara” a gare ni. Ba ta san komai ba, amma Matt ya nemi afuwar gajeriyar sanarwar kuma ya ce yana fatan mu hadu gaba da gaba. Yen ya shirya don in sadu da shi a West Wing, kuma da zarar mun kasance a can, Matt ya isa wurin da sauri. Ya ba ni mukamin mai magana da yawun fadar White House kan cutar. (shafi na 33)
Bari mu sake maimaitawa: Kuna cewa tayin aiki a matsayin mai magana da yawun Fadar White House kan coronavirus ya fito ne daga Matt Pottinger, babban mai ba da shawara kan tsaro na kasa wanda matarsa, babban mai ba da shawara kan fasaha don sa ido kan dakin gwaje-gwaje a Jami'ar Columbia, ta shirya taron ku a West Wing. Me yasa Yen ya shiga cikin wannan aikin daukar ma'aikata? Ta yaya Yen ya sami iko ko haɗin kai don shirya irin wannan taron?
[Ba a SAMU AMSA]
Bayan kun ƙi aikin kakakin sau da yawa, Matt Pottinger ya dawo tare da wani tayin daban: Mai Gudanar da Amsa na Fadar White House Coronavirus. Bisa lafazin Lawrence Wright New Yorker Labari, ra'ayin Yen ne ya ba ku matsayi. Labarin kuma ya sa ya zama kamar wannan shine karo na farko da Matt ya ɗauke ku don aiki:
A gida, Pottinger ya fusata Yen cewa dala miliyan dari takwas rabin adadin da ake buƙata don tallafawa ci gaban rigakafin ta hanyar gwaji na Mataki na III.
"Kira Debi," Yen ya ba da shawarar.
Debi ita ce Deborah Birx, Amurka ta duniya AIDS mai gudanarwa.
Daga 2005 zuwa 2014, ta jagoranci sashen CDC na Global HIV/AIDS (yana mai da ita shugabar Yen Pottinger). An san Birx yana da tasiri kuma yana tafiyar da bayanai, amma kuma mai mulki. Yen ya bayyana ta a matsayin "mai kwazo sosai," ya kara da cewa, "Tana da karfin gwiwa kuma tana bukatar hakan, kuma hakan yana bata mutane rai." Wannan shine ainihin mutumin da Pottinger yake nema.
Wasu dalilai da kuka bayar na dalilin da ya sa kuka kasance mutumin da ya dace don aikin Task Force?
Tun daga ranar 13 ga Fabrairu, ranar da zan tafi Afirka ta Kudu, Yen da ni mun yi musayar rubutu. Matt ya gaya mata cewa akwai rashin jagoranci da jagoranci a cikin CDC da Kwamitin Task Force Coronavirus na Fadar White House. (shafi na 54)
[daga rubutun Yen:] Yana tsammanin ya kamata ku mallaki ayyukan Azar, Fauci, da Redfield, saboda kun kasance mafi kyawun jagora fiye da su. Ya zuwa yanzu ya sha wahala. (shafi na 38)
A ranar 26 ga Fabrairu, Matt ya kira ni yana nuna damuwa sosai. Ya gaya mani cewa duk lokacin da na jinkirta yanke shawara, zan iya yin asarar rayukan Amurkawa. (shafi na 62)
Matt kamar tabbas ni ne guntun da ya ɓace. Ya san na yi aiki akan ƙwayoyin cuta na RNA kamar SARS-CoV-2, daga benci na dakin gwaje-gwaje zuwa al'umma, haɓaka gwaje-gwaje, warkewa, da alluran rigakafi. (shafi na 65)
Musamman, wace annoba ko annoba kuka yi da ita?
Na kuma ga barnar da ƙwayoyin cuta ke haifarwa. HIV, SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, Ebolavirus-Na kasance a kan gaba kuma na yi aiki tare da wasu masana da yawa a fagen yayin da duniya ke kewaya waɗannan rikice-rikicen lafiyar jama'a. (shafi na 3)
Amma a cikin aikin ku a zahiri kun yi mu'amala da…?
HIV, TB da malaria (shafi na 26)
Menene tunanin danginku game da tayin aikin Fadar White House?
Ni da Yen muka ɗan yi dariya lokacin da ta tambaye ni menene ra'ayin mijina game da ɗaukar sabon matsayi. Na gaya mata cewa, ganin cewa har yanzu ina Afirka ta Kudu kuma yana Amurka, har yanzu ban gaya masa (ba tare da ’ya’yana ba manya ba) game da yuwuwar fadar White House. (shafi na 63)
Har yaushe kika yi aure?
Na yi aure watanni kaɗan kafin (shafi na 202)
Ba ki gaya wa sabon mijinki cewa an ba ki babban matsayi a Fadar White House ba?
Na damu sosai game da bayanan da ake lekawa. Wanene ya san wanda ke kula da hanyoyin sadarwar mu? (shafi na 63)
***
TAKAITACCEN EXECUTIVE: YADDA TA SAMU AIKIN
Deborah Birx, masanin ilimin rigakafi kuma Kanar Sojoji wanda ya yi aiki da Ma'aikatar Tsaro da Sojojin Amurka akan binciken AIDS, ya yi aiki a matsayin Darakta na Sashen CDC na HIV/AIDS na Duniya kuma a matsayin mai kula da cutar kanjamau na Amurka.ref], an nada shi Babban Jami'in Ba da Amsa na Coronavirus a Fadar White House ranar 27 ga Fabrairu, 2020.
Ba ta da wani horo ko gogewa game da cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta, (sai dai idan kun yi la'akari da yaƙi da ingantattun cututtukan da aka sani kamar AIDS, tarin fuka da zazzabin cizon sauro a cikin ƙasashe masu tasowa irin wannan martanin), ko ƙwayoyin cuta na numfashi kamar coronavirus.
Matt Pottinger, mataimakin mai ba da shawara kan harkokin tsaro na kasar Sin ne ya ba ta mukamin, wanda ya shaida wa Birx idan ba ta dauki aikin ba, za a iya rasa rayukan Amurkawa. A cewar Yen Pottinger (Matar Matt) Matt ya yi tunanin Birx ya fi shugabannin NIAID, CDC da sauran manyan jami'an kiwon lafiyar jama'a. Ba a san tushen babban ra'ayin Matt game da iyawar Birx da kuma mahimmancin naɗinta don ceton rayukan Amurkawa ba.
Yen Pottinger wani mai bincike ne wanda ya yi aiki a dakin binciken CDC na Dr. Birx. Yen da Deborah ƙila ko ba su kasance abokai nagari waɗanda suka ci gaba da tuntuɓar su bayan Birx ta bar aikinta a wannan lab a cikin 2014, shekarar da Matt da Yen suka yi aure. Wataƙila Birx ko a'a ya kasance abokai da Matt ba tare da Yen ba. Yen yana iya ko a'a shine mutumin da ya ba da shawarar Birx don aikin Mai Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Task Force.
Kafin aikin Mai Gudanarwa, komawa cikin Nuwamba 2019 lokacin da babu wanda ke magana game da yuwuwar cutar amai da gudawa, Matt Pottinger ya ba Birx aikin mai ba da shawara kan lafiyar jama'a. Wannan na iya yiwuwa ko a'a zahiri ya kasance tayin aiki daga Kwamitin Tsaro na ƙasa, wanda ƙila ko kuma ba a sani ba a lokacin cutar mai haɗari da ke yawo a China.
A ƙarshen Janairu 2020, Matt ya ba Birx aiki daban, a matsayin mai magana da yawun coronavirus na Fadar White House. Birx ya fara sanin hakan ne ta hanyar rubutu daga Yen Pottinger, wanda ya yi iƙirarin bai san abin da Matt ke son ba da shawara ba, sannan ya ci gaba - ta hanyar ba da izinin tsaro da haɗin kai - don daidaita taro a West Wing inda aka ba da tayin aikin. Birx ya ƙi.
Tun daga tsakiyar Janairu 2020, ko watakila a baya, makonni kafin wannan tayin aikin mai magana da yawun, Birx ta yi magana da Yen da Matt game da sabon coronavirus wanda ya kamata ta koya game da shi a ranar 3 ga Janairu daga labarai (Mamaye Silent, p. 3). Birx galibi tana sadarwa da Yen game da tsoro da damuwa da/ko tana sadarwa da Yen da Matt game da abubuwan da ta lura a duniya. Ko wataƙila tana ba Matt takamaiman shawara ta hanyar Yen game da manufofin cutar da ta ke son ya watsawa Fadar White House.
Birx ta kasance tana kafa shawarwarin manufofinta na kiwon lafiyar jama'a, waɗanda watakila ko ba ta aika wa Matt ta hanyar Yen a farkon ko tsakiyar Janairu 2020 (lokacin da take aiki a hukumance kan AIDS a Afirka) akan bayanan da ake samu a bainar jama'a. Ko kuma ta sami damar samun bayanan sirri daga China.
Matt ya sami damar yin amfani da bayanan sirrin da Birx ba shi da shi kuma da alama ya damu sosai game da halin da ake ciki, wataƙila saboda waccan bayanan sirrin.
A cikin sadarwar da ta yi da Matt da Yen Pottinger, Birx ta damu sosai game da tsaro da sirri, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ta yi amfani da imel da rubutu na sirri maimakon imel na fadar White House na Matt. Ba ta ma gaya wa 'ya'yanta da suka manyanta ko mijinta game da babban tayin aikin fadar White House ba, domin ta yi tunanin cewa wannan bayanai ne masu mahimmanci kuma wanda ya san wanda ke kula da hanyoyin sadarwar ta.
Ba a san lokacin da sabon mijin Birx ya sami labarin nadin da matarsa ta yi a fadar White House ba.
Kasance tare da Sashe na II: Me yasa Deborah Birx ta tura mummunan kimiyya akan Fadar White House da jama'ar Amurka?
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Debbie Lerman, 2023 Brownstone Fellow, yana da digiri a Turanci daga Harvard. Ita marubuciyar kimiyya ce mai ritaya kuma ƙwararren mai fasaha a Philadelphia, PA.
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