Kafin in fara wannan labarin yadda ya kamata, zan tuna da wata magana da kusan kowa ya sani: “Tarihi yana maimaita kansa, na farko a matsayin bala’i, na biyu a matsayin farce.” Mawallafin shine masanin falsafar Jamus Karl Marx. Ya zama ruwan dare ga mutane su yi amfani da bambance-bambancen wannan jimlar, wanda ya zama wani ɓangare na sanannen hasashe. Bayan haka, tarihi yana so ya maimaita kansa a cyclyly.
Kuma don cika shi, zan kawo wata magana. Wannan, ba kamar na farko ba, ba a san shi ba: “Abin da gogewa da tarihi ya koya mana shi ne cewa mutane da gwamnatoci ba su taɓa koyon wani abu daga tarihi ba.” Hegel, wani shahararren masanin falsafar Jamus ne ya faɗi haka.
Me yasa na fara da magana akan tarihi? Domin kafin mu shiga cikin jigon wannan labarin da ke magana kan cutar ta Covid-19, ya zama dole a tuna da annobar da ta gabata: AIDS, cuta ce da ta firgita da barna a duniya tun tsakiyar shekarun 1980, wanda ya yi sanadin asarar rayuka kusan miliyan 40, a cewar rahoton. UNAIDS kimomi na hukuma.
Idan aka kwatanta wannan, yakin duniya na biyu gaba daya ya yi sanadin mutuwar mutane miliyan 70. Saboda haka, cutar kanjamau, a matsayin wani muhimmin lamari a tarihin ɗan adam, ya ɗauki ɗan fiye da rabin waɗanda aka kashe a yakin duniya na biyu.
AIDS a Cinema
Ko da yake AIDS ya haifar da fiye da rabin mutuwar yakin duniya na biyu, a cikin al'adun gargajiya, labaran biyu sun nuna rashin daidaituwa a cikin al'adu. Duk da yake akwai ɗimbin fina-finai, littattafai, da shirye-shiryen shirye-shiryen da aka fitar—kusan shekaru 80 bayan ƙarshen yaƙin—wanda ke kwatanta fadace-fadace da mahallin da ke haifar da rikice-rikicen makamai, labarin AIDS, wani abin da ya faru na baya-bayan nan, yana da ɗan guntun hankali.
Cinema Superstars a cikin "Philadelphia." Aikin da Tom Hanks ya yi a fim din ya ba shi kyautar Oscar. Denzel Washington yana da ban sha'awa. Fim din ya samu sunayen mutane hudu kuma ya lashe kyaututtuka biyu. Bayan Hanks, Bruce Springsteen ya sami wani mutum-mutumi don ainihin waƙar "Titunan Philadelphia.” Fim ne da yakamata a kalla.
A kowane hali, ƙaramin rabon ayyukan game da cutar kanjamau bai shafi ingancin abubuwan da ake samarwa ba. Ga masu sha'awar fim, wasu fina-finai abin tunawa ne da gaske. A cikin 1993, Tom Hanks ya lashe kyautar Oscar don Mafi kyawun Jarumi saboda rawar da ya taka a cikin kyakkyawan fim Philadelphia. Kwanan nan, a cikin 2018, lokacin Rami Malek ne ya ɗauki lambar yabo ta Academy don Mafi kyawun Jarumi. A ciki Bohemian Rhapsody, Malek ya zana Freddie Mercury, jagoran mawaƙin ƙungiyar Sarauniya Sarauniya. Ayyukansa sun burge sosai.
Duk da haka, waɗannan fina-finai biyu suna mayar da hankali ne kawai akan wasan kwaikwayo na sirri na wadanda cutar ta shafa. Rubutun ba su zurfafa cikin manyan ƙanƙanta da ɓoyayyun manufofin da AIDS ya haifar ba. A cikin fina-finai biyu, tsarin ya bambanta. A ciki Philadelphia, mun fahimci irin son zuciya da masu cutar ke fuskanta. A ciki Bohemian Rhapsody, mun fahimci baƙin cikin duniya game da rasa babban tauraron kiɗa.
Rami Malek ya lashe kyautar Oscar a matsayin Mafi kyawun Jarumi. A zahiri ya sake haifar da Mercury. Kyautar da ta cancanta. Gabaɗaya, fim ɗin ya karɓi nadi biyar, gami da Hoto Mafi Kyau, kuma ya ɗauki gida guda huɗu: Mafi kyawun ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, Mafi kyawun Haɗin Sauti, Mafi kyawun Gyarawa, da Mafi kyawun Gyaran Sauti.
Kusan a magana, kamar ba da labari ne game da mutanen da suka nutse a cikin tekun Titanic ba tare da bayyana duk dalilan da suka kai ga karo da dutsen kankara ba, hatsarin da ya tura jirgin zuwa kasan teku. Waɗannan za su iya zama labarai masu ban sha'awa, masu cike da motsin rai, amma ba su shiga cikin al'amarin ba.
Kuma Cinema Ta Bada Babban Labarin AIDS
A yau, mutumin da ke dauke da kwayar cutar kanjamau yana da tsawon rayuwa mai kama da wanda ba shi da kwayar cutar. Amma a farkon shekarun 1980, masu fama da cutar kanjamau suna mutuwa kamar kudaje. Saboda haka, yawancin mutane sukan yi imani cewa magani yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo don fahimtar cutar da haɓaka magani mai mahimmanci. Wannan ba gaskiya bane.
A nan ne mafi mahimmancin labari game da cutar kanjamau ya ta'allaka: cutar tana da magani mai inganci tun daga farko, amma an rufe komai da wani makirci da ya shafi Big Pharma, likitoci, masana kimiyya, kungiyoyin likitoci, asibitoci, da gwamnatin Amurka. Abin da ya sa? Kudi mai yawa. Suna barin miliyoyi su mutu don riba. An ba da wannan labari sosai a cikin fim ɗin tarihin rayuwar 2013 Dallas Buyers Club, wanda ya lashe kyautar Oscar guda uku, ciki har da Best Actor da Best Supporting Actor.
Matthew McConaughey ya lashe kyautar gwarzon dan wasan kwaikwayo na wasa Ron Woodroof, babban jigo a cikin labarin. Jared Leto, yana wasa Rayon, mace mai canza jinsi, ta sami lambar yabo don Mafi kyawun Jarumin Tallafawa.
Takaitaccen shirin? An shirya fim ɗin a tsakiyar shekarun 1980 kuma ya ba da labarin Ron Woodroof, wani ma'aikacin lantarki a Texas a Amurka, wanda ya gano yana ɗauke da cutar AIDS. Bayan ganewar asali, ya gano cewa daidaitaccen magani a Amurka, AZT, yana da guba sosai kuma ba shi da amfani. Daga nan sai ya nemi hanyoyin da za a bi ya gano likitan da ke magance cutar da magungunan da aka sake amfani da su.
A farkon fim ɗin, lokacin da Ron ya sami labarin rashin lafiyarsa, likita ya gaya masa cewa yana da wata ɗaya kawai ya rayu. A ƙarshe, Ron ya sake rayuwa shekaru tara. Kuma duk wanda aka yi wa magani da “kayan AIDS,” wanda Ron ya fara sayar da shi ba bisa ka’ida ba, shi ma ya tsira. Ba tare da ingantaccen magani ba, cutar ta kashe 100% na mutane a cikin 'yan watanni. Amma duk wanda ya ɗauki “kayan AIDS” na Ron Woodroof yana da tsawon rayuwa kusa da al'ada.
Kuma duk wanda ya yi ƙoƙarin jinyar masu cutar an tsananta musu, har ma da ‘yan sanda da duk hukumomin gwamnati. Su ne "masu ƙaryata kimiyya" da "masu tunanin makirci" na lokacin. Har ma wasu likitocin sun rasa lasisin su saboda ƙin barin masu cutar kanjamau su mutu. A halin yanzu, Big Pharma ya fitar da magungunan da ke damun cutar, amma ribar ta yi yawa. AZT ya kasance mafi tsada magani a tarihi.
Kowane rubutun fim mai daraja yana da jarumai da miyagu. Ba tare da su ba, babu labarin da za a bayar. Dallas Buyers Club ya cika wannan bukata. Kuma idan mutane suna kallon fim ɗin, babu shakka su wanene mutanen kirki da miyagu. Mutanen kirki su ne wadanda duk da an kai musu hari da kuma tsananta musu, sun rage yawan mace-macen cutar.
Daga AIDS zuwa Covid-19
Duk wani yuwuwar yin maganin Covid-19 tare da marasa tsada, gamayya, da magunguna marasa izini, kamar a farkon zamanin AIDS, an yi watsi da su kamar hauka magana, lebur-duniya ka'idar, ko makirci. Bayan haka, bisa ga dukkan kafofin watsa labaru na yau da kullun, duk ya kasance "tabbatar da rashin tasiri.” Komai karatu nawa an buga su, koyaushe suna "ba tare da shaidar kimiyya ba," a cewar kafofin watsa labarai.
A wannan lokaci, a cikin "masana" da murya a cikin kafofin watsa labaru, an fara wata magana mai ban sha'awa don ɓoye gaskiyar, cike da kalmomi kamar "rigor na kimiyya," "makafi biyu," "tasirin tasiri" na mujallolin kimiyya, da kuma hujjar cewa ya kamata mu amince da hukumomin da suka dace.
Koyaya, babu wata magana da za ta iya rufe sakamakon likitocin farko waɗanda suka yi wa yawancin marasa lafiya na Covid-19 magani kaɗan ko babu mutuwa, suna maimaita abin da muka gani a ciki. Dallas Buyers Club. Bayan haka, idan waɗannan marasa lafiyar likitocin ba su mutu da yawa ba yayin bala'in da ya kashe miliyoyin mutane, suna yin wani abu da ya yi aiki.
Ƙarin bayanin kula: Abin mamaki, masu sadarwa na kimiyya ba su lakafta shi "an tabbatar da cewa ba shi da inganci" lokacin da aka amince da magani mai tsada da haƙƙin mallaka na Remdesivir tare da amincewa da hukumomin gudanarwa na Covid-19 - amincewar ta dogara ne akan Afrilu 2020 binciken wanda bai haifar da sakamako mai kyau ba. Atila Iamarino, ƙwararren masanin ilimin kimiyya na Brazil tare da mabiya sama da miliyan akan X (tsohon Twitter), yayi bikin amincewa. "Madalla don rage matsin lamba na ICU," ya rubuta. A zahiri, binciken ya nuna 8.6% ƙarin mutuwar a cikin rukunin Remdesivir fiye da rukunin placebo. A karshen binciken, a ranar 28, 22 daga cikin 158 a cikin rukunin kwayoyi sun mutu, yayin da 10 daga cikin 78 a cikin rukunin placebo suka mutu.
Taimakon Lamiri
José Alencar, likita, farfesa, mai bincike, kuma mai tasiri na dijital wanda ya ayyana kansa a matsayin "Mai kare tushen shaidar shaida" kuma marubucin littattafai a fagen, ya sanya kansa a cikin bala'in Covid-19 a kan jiyya ta amfani da magunguna, masu arha, da marasa izini, sau da yawa a cikin m hanya. A gare shi, wannan batu ya cancanci tattaunawa kawai a Ranar Wawa ta Afrilu.
Koyaya, sakamakon likitocin gaba-gaba da ke yakar Covid-19, tare da adadi masu yawa waɗanda ke da sauƙin fahimta ga duka mutane da kwararru, har yanzu suna fuskantar waɗanda suka yi adawa da waɗannan jiyya, musamman waɗanda suka yi ba'a da ba da gudummawa ga tsananta wa likitocin da suka zaɓi kada su bar marasa lafiya su mutu.
Tare da wannan nauyin a kan lamirinsa, Alencar, yanzu a cikin 2024, yana neman taimako, ya yi sosai sanannen post a shafinsa na Twitter, inda yake da mabiya sama da 50,000. A cikin hanyar ilimi da kuma amfani da misalai, ya bayyana tushen labarin "Ilmin Lissafin Shayin Dandanin Mata, ”By Ronald Fisher, daya daga cikin uban kididdiga.
A cikin labarin almara, wata budurwa ta yi iƙirarin cewa, a cikin ƙoƙon shayi tare da madara, ko an fara ƙara madara ko shayin. Ta tabbatar da cewa dandano zai bambanta dangane da wanda aka kara da farko. Labarin Fisher ya ba da shawarar cewa, tare da kofuna takwas, yuwuwar hasashen duka daidai shine 1.14%.
Dangane da wannan labarin, Alencar ya ba da shawarar wani motsa jiki mai yiwuwa:
1 – Misali, idan likitan da kuke bi a Instagram ya ce ya yi wa mutane 100 maganin wata cuta, kuma duk sun tsira, menene yiwuwar hakan ya faru kwatsam? Za mu yi amfani da koyarwar Fisher?
2- Na farko, muna bukatar mu san adadin mace-mace. Bari mu ce, a yanayin dabi'a, cutar tana kashe 1% na wadanda suka kamu da cutar - 1 cikin 100.
Bayan lissafin, mun gano cewa yuwuwar wani abu mai girman gaske kamar 0 ya mutu cikin 100 (lokacin da adadin mace-macen ya kasance 1%) shine 36%.
3 - Don haka wannan yana nufin guru na Instagram da kuka fi so yana ikirarin nasara ga wani abu da zai iya zama kwatsam kawai? Eh abokina.
Alencar ya sami lissafin daidai. A cikin wata cuta mai yawan mace-mace 1%, idan likita ya yi wa mutane 100 magani, damar cewa babu wanda ya mutu shine 36%. Amma shin wannan shine gaskiyar Covid-19 da gaskiyar likitocin da suka yanke shawarar magance cutar tare da mafi kyawun shaida?
Sakamakon Gaba
Tun farkon barkewar cutar, wani likitan Amurka, Brian Procter, ya yanke shawarar raba sakamakonsa kai tsaye akan Twitter. Ya kafa farin allo a ofishinsa. Tare da kowane sabuntawa, ya sanya hoton farar allo a kan kafofin watsa labarunsa. Wannan hoton ne daga wani rubutu lokacin da ya yi jinyar marasa lafiya 754 tare da mutuwar guda ɗaya kawai.
An yi wa Dr. Procter leken asiri a shafin Twitter saboda wallafa sakamakonsa.
Dokta Procter ya fahimci tasirin sadarwarsa, kamar abin da Ron Woodroof ya yi a lokacin rikicin AIDS. Mutanen da ke da alhakin sanya ido a Twitter suma sun fahimci tasirin, har Dr. Procter ya rasa asusunsa a dandalin sada zumunta.
Daga baya, Dr. Procter ya buga wani nazari na sa-sa-kan a cikin Jarida ta kasa da kasa na Binciken Innovative a Kimiyyar Kiwon Lafiya, cikakken bayani game da sakamakon hadaddiyar giyar maganin sa. A ƙarshe, ya yi jinyar marasa lafiya 869 Covid-19, duk sama da shekaru 50 ko, idan ƙasa da 50, tare da aƙalla cuta guda ɗaya. Ya ga ba lallai ba ne a yi wa waɗanda ke ƙasa da 50 magani ba tare da kamuwa da cuta ba. Daga cikin 869, 20 ne kawai ke buƙatar asibiti, kuma biyu kawai suka mutu.
Hakanan daga Amurka, ta yin amfani da hadaddiyar giyar hydroxychloroquine da ivermectin, da sauran magunguna, Dokta George Fareed da Dr. Brian Tyson. an yi wa marasa lafiya 3,962 magani a cikin 'yan kwanakin farko na bayyanar cututtuka. Babu ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan marasa lafiya na farko da ya mutu. Daga cikin marasa lafiya 413 da suka isa bayan matakin farko na cutar, tare da alamun alamun sama da kwanaki biyar, Duo na Amurka ya mutu uku kawai.
A Faransa, Dr. Didier Raoult, shi ma yana amfani da hydroxychloroquine a matsayin tushe, ya yi jinyar marasa lafiya 8,315 tare da alamun da ke ɗaukar tsawon kwanaki biyar. Daga cikin waɗannan, 214 ne kawai ke buƙatar asibiti (2.6%), kuma biyar ne kawai suka mutu. An buga sakamakon Raoult da tawagarsa a cikin jarida da aka bita Reviews a cikin Magungunan cututtukan zuciya.
A Brazil, Dr. Cadegiani yana da an yi wa marasa lafiya 3,711 magani tun farkon cutar. A cikin wadannan, an kwantar da su hudu ne kawai, kuma babu wanda ya yi sanadin mutuwa. Asibiti ɗaya yana buƙatar shigar da ruwa, amma majiyyacin ya tsira, da ƙunƙun guje wa sakamako mai muni.
A kasar Peru, Dr. Roberto Alfonso Accinelli ya yi jinyar marasa lafiya 1,265, inda aka ba da rahoton mutuwar mutane bakwai a cikin nasa. nazari na sa-sa-kan. A wannan yanayin, a cikin 360 da aka yi wa magani a cikin kwanaki uku na alamun, babu wanda ya mutu. Wasu likitoci da yawa waɗanda suka yi ƙarfin hali don kula da marasa lafiya, ko da a lokacin da ake tsananta musu kamar yadda likitocin ke ciki Dallas Buyers Club, ya samu irin wannan sakamako.
Ga wani jerin sakamakon daga likitoci da kungiyoyin likitocin da suka yi amfani da hadaddiyar giyar magani a kan Covid-19. Yawancin waɗannan sakamakon an buga su a cikin mujallolin kimiyya da aka yi bita na tsara.
Gaskiya Da Yin Qarya Ga Kansa
A cikin labarin ta'aziyya na Alencar, akwai marasa lafiya 100 da ke da cutar da ke da adadin 1% na mutuwa. Dangane da lissafin nasa, waɗanda suke daidai, akwai damar 36% cewa babu wanda zai mutu tare da ingantaccen magani a cikin tunaninsa tare da adadin mutuwar 1% tsakanin marasa lafiya 100. Don haka, a wannan yanayin, ba za a sami dalilin da'awar nasara ba.
Koyaya, a cikin Covid-19, adadin mace-macen ya kasance kusan kashi 2% a duk lokacin cutar har sai bambancin Omicron ya bayyana a ƙarshen 2021. Wannan yana nufin cewa, a matsakaita, mutum daya ya mutu akan kowane 50 kamuwa da cuta, ba kowane 100. Kuma ba mu magana game da kawai 100 marasa lafiya. Idan aka hada duka sakamakon likitocin da na lissafa a sama, akwai mutane 18,525 da suka kamu da cutar da suka nemi magani. Kuma a cikin duka, mutane 17 sun mutu. Wannan yana haifar da ƙimar mutuwa na 0.09%.
Ba zan shiga cikin ainihin adadin masu mutuwa na Covid-19 ba. Zan rage yawan mace-macen zuwa ƙasa mafi ƙanƙanta, kuma ta hanyar da ba ta dace ba. A Brazil, muna da 203 miliyan mazauna. Dangane da adadin wadanda suka mutu sanadiyar cutar Covid-19 na kasar, 712,000 mutane sun mutu.
Bari mu ɗauka cewa duk 'yan Brazil suna da Covid-19 - wanda ba gaskiya ba ne, saboda da yawa ba su kamu da cutar ba - kuma an yi wa kowa magani kuma yana da adadin mutuwar kashi 0.09% kamar waɗanda aka ambata a baya. A wannan yanayin, jimlar mace-mace da ta tsaya sama da 186,000. Amma mutane 712,000 sun mutu.
Don haka, ko da tare da mafi yawan masu ra'ayin mazan jiya (ƙananan na gaske) na adadin mace-mace, fiye da rabin mutanen Brazil za su rayu a yau.
Masoyi ko gwani, lokacin kallo Dallas Buyers Club, kun fahimci tasiri. Kuma ba wanda ya ruɗe game da su waye jarumai da miyagu. Ma'aikaci ko ƙwararre, bayan ganin sakamakon waɗannan likitocin game da Covid-19, ya fahimci tasirin saboda kusan babu wanda ya mutu. Kuma na san su waye jarumai da miyagu a yau.
Ƙididdigar Shoddy don Tafi da Ta'aziyya
Dole ne Alencar ya karkatar da gaskiya don fito da lissafin da ya ba shi ta'aziyya. Ya yiwa kanshi karya. Kuma idan har ya ci gaba da yin haka shekaru hudu bayan barkewar cutar, yana nufin sakamakon wadanda suka fuskanci cutar ya mamaye wadanda suka tsaya tsayin daka, suka taimaka wa zalunci, har ma da cin mutuncin wadanda suka kuskura su yi magani da kawo sakamako.
Leandro Tessler, farfesa a Unicamp, ɗaya daga cikin manyan jami'o'in jama'a na Brazil, wanda ya bayyana kansa a matsayin "mai sadarwa na kimiyya," ya sami kwanciyar hankali da yake nema a matsayin Alencar. A duk lokacin da cutar ta barke, ya dauki nauyin kansa, a madadin jami'ar, ya rarraba abin da ke gaskiya da abin da ke karya a shafukan sada zumunta. Yana yin haka, sai ya auka wa duk wanda ya kuskura ya yi masa magani. Tessler ko da bikin tantance wadanda suka bayar da rahoto kan nazari da sakamako.
Tessler: Sabili da haka, an ƙirƙira manufar p-darajar, wanda yawancin likitoci, musamman ma wata ƙungiyar likitoci, ba za su iya kama su ba.
Alencar: Kuma wasu masanan lissafi suna ƙoƙarin yin gymnastics tare da ma'anarsa da lissafinsa don bayyana abin da ba a iya bayyanawa.
Tessler: Koyaushe ku tuna da sauran mantra na annoba: masana ilimin lissafi ba ƙwararru ba ne.
Anan, Tessler ya kai hari ga farfesa na lissafi daga USP, Daniel Tausk, don ƙoƙarinsa nazari da bayyana nazarin asibiti ga likitocin gaba-gaba waɗanda ke son fahimtar duk hanyoyin da za a iya magance cutar, suna taimaka musu a cikin neman mafi kyawun shaidar kimiyya.
To, Marx da Hegel sun yi gaskiya. Tarihi yana maimaita kansa, kuma mutane ba su koyi komai daga gare shi ba. Dole ne ya yi wahala a ga sakamakon waɗanda suka yi wa Covid-19, sannan ku gane cewa kuna kan kuskuren tarihin lokacin da kuka kalli madubi na baya. Ba za su iya komawa ba; Suna iya ci gaba kawai, suna yaudarar kansu. Babu wasu zaɓuɓɓuka.
Domin jin daɗin kowa, abin da ya rage shi ne ƙirƙira ƙirƙira na mawakan wasan circus na ilimi.
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Filipe Rafaeli mai shirya fina-finai ne, kuma zakaran aerobatics a Brazil sau hudu, kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin dan Adam. Ya rubuta game da cutar ta barke a kan Substack kuma yana da labaran da aka buga a France Soir, daga Faransa, da Labaran Shafin gwaji, daga Amurka.
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