almara ko imani. Babban gazawa ne a bai wa mutanen da ke gabatar da hujjojin kimiyya daidai gwargwado da kuma mutanen da ke magana game da yadda suke ji ko imaninsu ba tare da wata shaida a cikin goyon bayansu ba, ko kuma a bar su su saba wa shaidun da suka fi inganci da muke da su.
Duk da haka, kusan duk lokacin da na san wani abu game da batun kiwon lafiya da ake ganin yana da ce-ce-ku-ce, wannan shine abin da nake gani a labarai, kuma takaddamar allurar rigakafin cutar hepatitis B ta nuna hakan sosai.
A ranar 5 ga Disamba, 2025, da kuri'ar 8 idan aka kwatanta da 3, Kwamitin Ba da Shawara kan Ayyukan Rigakafi (ACIP) a Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Rigakafi (CDC) ya kawo ƙarshen shawarar cewa duk jarirai a Amurka su sami allurar rigakafin cutar hepatitis B lokacin haihuwa. An ba da shawarar allurar haihuwa ne kawai idan mahaifiyar ta gwada ta kamu da cutar ko kuma idan ba a san matsayin kamuwa da cutar ba.
Canjin ya kasance mai hankali sosai, kuma kamar yadda yake a Yammacin Turai, Portugal kawai yana ba da shawarar a yi amfani da allurar haihuwa ta duniya baki ɗaya, da alama zai yi wuya a yi jayayya a kai. Amma kafofin watsa labarai sun yi mana kuma sun gaza mana sosai. Kwanaki biyu bayan zaɓen, na sauke labaran labarai daga manyan kafofin watsa labarai 14, kuma duk ba su da kyau sosai. Kafofin watsa labarai sun yi amfani da manyan dabaru guda uku don tallafawa imaninsu:
Sun raina Sakataren Lafiya, Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., membobin ACIP da ya zaɓa, da kuma wasu daga cikin masu gabatar da taron.
Sun yi fice da yabo ga muryoyin ACIP guda uku da ba sa jituwa da juna da kuma waɗanda ba sa cikin ƙungiyar ba, waɗanda aka kwatanta su a matsayin ƙwararru ko masana kimiyya, kamar suna cewa dole ne su yi gaskiya, kuma an ambace su sosai saboda maganganunsu, waɗanda ba kasafai ake samun su da hankali ko kuma shaidu ba.
Ba su duba ko abin da masu suka kan sauyin manufofin suka yi iƙirarin ya yi daidai ba.
Cin Zarafin Kennedy
Daga cikin gidajen labarai 14, kawai Nature bai raina Kennedy ba.
Reuters fara sanarwar manema labarai da cewa "babban nasara ce ta manufofi" ga Kennedy cewa masu ba da shawara kan allurar rigakafi da ya ambata sun sauya shawarar da aka shafe shekaru da dama ana bayarwa "wanda kwararru kan cututtuka suka ce zai mayar da nasarorin da aka samu a fannin lafiyar jama'a na tsawon shekaru." Don haka, masu ba da shawara kan Kennedy ba ƙwararru ba ne, kuma kamar yadda masu sukar suka kasance ƙwararru, dole ne su yi daidai, ko ba haka ba?
Kamfanin dillancin labarai na Reuters ya lura cewa CDC "yanzu haka wani mukaddashin shugaban riko da Kennedy ya nada, Jim O'Neill, wanda ba masanin kimiyya ba ne ke gudanar da ita" cewa Kennedy ya kafa kungiyar kare lafiyar yara ta hana allurar rigakafi; ya kori kwararru 17 na ACIP "masu zaman kansu" sannan ya maye gurbinsu da wata kungiya da ke goyon bayan ra'ayinsa; ya janye shawarwari masu yawa kan allurar rigakafin Covid da kuma rage kudaden allurar rigakafin mRNA.
The gaskiya ne cewa da yawa daga cikin ƙwararrun da suka gabata a ACIP ba su da 'yancin kansu amma sun kasance masu zaman kansu rikice-rikice na sha'awa dangane da masana'antun allurar rigakafi da sauran kamfanonin magunguna; cewa ba da shawarar allurar rigakafin Covid ga ƙungiyoyi masu haɗari kawai ya kawo Amurka a kan daidai tare da Turai; kuma rage kuɗaɗen gudanar da binciken allurar rigakafin mRNA ya kasance abin ƙarfafa gwiwa. Kennedy ya ce cewa tawagarsa ta sake duba kimiyya kuma ta gano cewa waɗannan alluran rigakafin sun kasa kare kansu daga cututtukan numfashi na sama kamar Covid da mura. Saboda haka, sashensa yana mayar da kuɗaɗen zuwa "tsarin alluran rigakafi mafi aminci da fa'ida waɗanda ke ci gaba da tasiri koda kuwa ƙwayoyin cuta ke canzawa."
Kamfanin dillancin labarai na Reuters ya yi kuskuren bayyana taron ACIP gaba ɗaya, yana mai cewa "da yawa daga cikin membobin kwamitin Kennedy sun soki allurar rigakafin a matsayin mara haɗari." Me suka ce shi ne cewa ba a yi nazarin tsaro yadda ya kamata ba, wanda hakan daidai ne.
Sauran kafofin watsa labarai sun kira Kennedy mai shakku kan allurar riga-kafi (The Hill, Kallon Manufofin Lafiya, CBC), mai fafutukar rigakafin cutar (CNN, da Guardian), ko kuma mai fafutukar hana allurar riga-kafi (PBS), wanda ya kori dukkan tsoffin membobin ACIP guda 17, ya maye gurbinsu da mutanen da galibi suke da shakku a kansa (New York Times, Washington Post, Public Public Radio, CNN, PBS, CBS News, Time, Kallon Manufofin Lafiya, CBC, BBC, da Guardian) da "manufar haɓaka manufofin rigakafi" (New York Times), kuma kuri'ar ta cika wani dogon burin da ƙungiyar hana allurar riga-kafi ta daɗe tana da shi (The Hill).
The CBC, babban mai watsa labarai a Kanada, ya lura cewa Kennedy ya haɓaka ka'idoji marasa tushe da ke haɗa alluran rigakafi da autism. Daidai ne cewa nazarin da aka yi kan cutar rigakafin MMR kuma masu taimakawa aluminum ba su sami hanyar haɗi ba, amma binciken aluminum shine mai tsanani aibiWasu nazarce-nazarce sun yi iƙirarin cewa akwai alaƙa, kuma kamar yadda ba a yi nazari kan ko babban shirin allurar rigakafin yara na Amurka zai iya haifar da Autism ba, CDC ta ba da shawarar ƙarin ayyukan bincike.
The Washington Post ya ce aluminum ya zama wurin da ƙungiyoyin hana allurar rigakafi ke mayar da hankali a kai waɗanda ke da'awar cewa tarin ƙwayoyin cuta na iya cutar da ci gaban jijiyoyi, kuma masu binciken allurar rigakafi sun lura cewa aluminum yana samuwa ta halitta a cikin madarar nono, abinci, da ruwa a matakan da suka fi girma fiye da allurar rigakafi kuma yana fita daga jiki cikin sauri. mai ruɗi ƙwarai don kwatanta shan abinci da allurai, domin ƙaramin aluminum ne ke sha daga hanji, sauran kuma ana cire su ta hanyar kodan, kuma a matsayin ƙarin aluminum a cikin allurai. suna cutarwa.
The Hill da kuma CNN ya lura cewa an tabbatar da cewa magungunan aluminum a cikin alluran rigakafi suna da aminci (wanda ba gaskiya ba ne), amma masu shakkar allurar rigakafi kamar Kennedy sun daɗe suna cewa suna da alaƙa da rashin lafiyan jiki da sauran matsalolin lafiya (wanda hakan daidai ne). Kamuwa da cuta ta halitta tana kare daga rashin lafiyan jiki, kuma nazarin da aka yi kwatanta allurar rigakafi da yara marasa allurar rigakafi ya nuna alluran rigakafi ƙara faruwar asma da sauran cututtukan atopic.
Cin Zarafin Membobin ACIP da Masu Gabatar da Taro
Nature ya lura cewa membobin kwamitin da dama sun ci gaba da bayyana sukar da ake yi wa alluran rigakafi.
The New York Times Sun yi kuka da cewa yawancin sabbin membobin ACIP da wasu daga cikin masu gabatar da shirin ba su da wata gogewa a binciken allurar rigakafi ko aikin asibiti, kuma rashin jituwa da rashin aikin kwamitin wajen yanke shawara ya haifar da tambayoyi game da sahihancin tsarin ba da shawara.
Wannan abin ɓatarwa ne ƙwarai. Mutanen da suka koyi karatu za su iya tantance fa'idodin alluran rigakafi, kuma muhawarar kimiyya ita ce abin da ke ƙara wa kimiyya kwarin gwiwa. Mukaddashin shugaban ACIP Robert Malone ya ce dole ne aikin kwamitin ya kasance bisa ga shaida, bayyana gaskiya, da kuma son rai don Bincika zato maimakon kare su.
Kallon Manufofin Lafiya ya rubuta cewa an soki Malone saboda rashin bayanai game da allurar rigakafi, wanda ba shi da ma'ana ba tare da ambaton matsalolin ba. Wasu daga cikin fitattun masu binciken allurar rigakafi a duniya, farfesoshi Peter Aaby da Christine Stabell Benn daga Copenhagen, an soki su saboda rashin bayanai kuma sun yi lacca da hira. cire daga YouTube duk da cewa duk abin da suka faɗa daidai ne.
CBS News ya lura cewa memba na ACIP Retsef Levi, masanin lissafi wanda ba shi da horo a fannin likitanci (to me?), ya yi iƙirarin ƙarya cewa ƙwararru ba su taɓa gwada alluran rigakafin yadda ya kamata ba, kuma New York Times ya kira shi ba daidai ba lokacin da lauya Aaron Siri, mai gabatarwa, ya ce "babu ɗaya" daga cikin alluran da aka yi wa yara da aka kwatanta da placebo ko wani abu mara aiki. Amma Levi da Siri sun yi daidai. Babu allurar rigakafin yara on Jadawalin CDC an yi nazari a gwaje-gwajen placebo ko kuma an dogara da su kafin a ba da lasisi.
The CBC ya kuma bayyana Levi a matsayin mutum mara digirin likitanci wanda ya yi tambaya game da amincin alluran rigakafin Covid-19 kuma ya yi kira da a dakatar da shirye-shiryen allurar rigakafin Covid. To, na lura akai-akai cewa hujjojin Levi sun fi gamsarwa fiye da na mutanen da ke da digirin likitanci, misali daga memba na ACIP Cody Meissner, ƙwararren likitan yara kan cututtuka masu yaɗuwa (duba ƙasa).
Kuma alluran rigakafin Covid ba su da haɗari; suna da yara da suka mutu wanda ya kamu da cutar myocarditis da manya waɗanda suka kamu da cutar jinin jiniYa yi kyau sosai a sauya shirye-shiryen allurar rigakafin cutar Covid na Amurka "wanda ya ƙunshi dukkan abubuwa" lokacin da yawancin mutane suka kamu da cutar, ko an yi musu allurar riga-kafi ko a'a, kuma saboda maimaita ƙarfafawa iya raunana tsarin garkuwar jiki da kuma ƙara kasadar cututtuka na numfashi, haka kuma ga allurar mura. Ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya da kansu sun riga sun yanke hukunci. A cewar CDC's bayanan kansa, ƙasa da kashi 10% ne suka sami ƙarin taimako a cikin shekarar da ta gabata.
Public Public Radio Siri da aka raina: lauya mai hana allurar rigakafi wanda ba shi da horo na likita ko kimiyya, kuma Washington Post Masu karatunsu ma sun gaza: "Aaron Siri, abokin Kennedy kuma lauyan ƙungiyar hana allurar riga-kafi, ya gabatar da gabatarwa na tsawon fiye da mintuna 90. Siri ta ce ba a yi gwaje-gwajen asibiti don allurar rigakafi yadda ya kamata ba, cewa babu sa ido kan lafiya bayan an ba da lasisin allurar rigakafi kuma an yi wuce gona da iri kan ingancin allurar rigakafi wajen rage mace-mace da yaɗuwar cututtuka. Masu fafutukar Siri da Kennedy sun yi jayayya cewa tarin allurar rigakafi yana sanya nauyi mara amfani ga tsarin garkuwar jiki na yara. Masana kimiyya sun musanta cewa… tsarin garkuwar jiki zai iya magance ƙwayoyin cuta fiye da yadda allurar rigakafi ke ɗauke da su.”
Siri gaskiya ne kuma dalilin da ya sa aka ba shi lokaci mai tsawo shi ne yana da hujjoji kuma yana da ilimi sosai. Littafinsa game da alluran rigakafi abin birgewa ne. Kuma "masana kimiyya" ba su da wata shaida da ke nuna cewa tsarin garkuwar jiki zai iya magance ƙwayoyin rigakafi da yawa da aka yi wa allura a lokaci guda cikin aminci. Wannan ba a san shi ba kuma yana buƙatar nazari.
The Washington Post ya kuma lura cewa "Siri ya nemi gwamnati a shekarar 2022 a madadin ƙungiyar hana allurar riga-kafi ta Informed Consent Action Network, wacce tsohon darektan sadarwa na Kennedy ke gudanarwa, da ta sake duba amincewarta da allurar rigakafin shan inna ta Sanofi. Siri ya yi jayayya cewa gwamnati ta dogara ne da rashin isassun bayanai, kamar yadda masu kula da da'awa suka ƙi."
Duk da haka, takardar koke ya lura cewa "gwaje-gwajen asibiti da aka dogara da su don ba da lasisin wannan samfurin ba su haɗa da ƙungiyar kulawa ba kuma an tantance aminci ne kawai har zuwa kwana uku bayan allurar. Saboda haka, waɗannan gwaje-gwajen ba su bi ƙa'idodin doka da ƙa'idoji na tarayya da suka dace ba don tabbatar da cewa samfurin yana da 'lafiya' kafin a ba da lasisi." Kamar yadda yake da rai, allurar rigakafin polio da aka rage na iya canzawa da kuma haddasa cutar shan inna, Na yarda da Siri cewa ba a yi nazarin wannan maganin yadda ya kamata ba kafin a ba da lasisi.
The New York Times da kuma Public Public Radio kuskuren da aka yi amfani da shi cewa Siri yana son cirewa dukan Allurar rigakafin shan inna ("allurar rigakafin shan inna" ko "allurar rigakafin shan inna").
Yabon "Kwararru" da kuma Ba su Shahararru Marasa Kyau
Tsaro babbar matsala ce. Wani memba na ACIP Cody Meissner mai adawa da hakan ya ce a taron cewa mun san cewa allurar rigakafin lafiya ce, kuma an ambato tabbacinsa daga New York Times, da Washington Post, Public Public Radio, Nature, da BBC, Da kuma Time.
Duk da haka, lokacin da aka ba Cibiyar Magunguna a shekarar 2013 umarnin sake duba amincin jadawalin allurar rigakafin yara na CDC, ba su sami wani bincike ɗaya da ya kwatanta sakamakon lafiya a cikin yaran da aka yi wa allurar rigakafi da waɗanda ke cikin yaran da ba su sami allurar rigakafi ba kuma suka kammala da cewa: "Babu wata shaida da ke nuna cewa jadawalin ba shi da lafiya." Hakazalika, Time ya rubuta game da allurar rigakafin cutar hepatitis B cewa "babu wata shaida game da rashin aminci." Sharhina akan irin wannan dalili shine: "Idan ba a taɓa gwada birkin sabuwar mota ba, ƙarshen da zai tabbatar da hakan shine: 'Babu wata shaida da ke nuna cewa birkin ba ya aiki.'"
A taron ACIP, Meissner zargi Siri na gabatar da "mummunan karkacewar dukkan gaskiya"New York Times, Public Public Radio, The Hill, CNN, Time) da kuma yin "maganganun da ba su da tushe game da tsaro." Wannan ƙarya ce gaba ɗaya kuma ya kamata Meissner ya sani sosai. Membobin ACIP an nuna su cewa gwaje-gwajen asibiti da suka ƙarfafa amincewa da allurar rigakafin hepatitis B ƙanana ne, ba su da ƙungiyar placebo, kuma suna bin jarirai ba fiye da kwana bakwai ba bayan allurar, wanda ba zai gano wani sakamako mai illa na dogon lokaci ba. Yawanci, irin waɗannan binciken za su firgita mutane kuma su sa a yi taka tsantsan, amma Meissner ya dage cewa "Babu wata shaida ta cutarwa." To, idan ba ka duba ba, ba za ka samu ba.
Lawi buga ƙusa a kan kai: "Nawa ne adadin da ake buƙata don yin allurar riga-kafi - a tsakanin jariran da uwaye masu ɗauke da cutar hepatitis B suka haifa - don hana kamuwa da cutar hepatitis B mai tsanani?" Babu wanda ya bayar da amsa. Amma idan ainihin adadin ya kasance "a cikin miliyoyin," to duk wani bincike mai inganci game da illa da fa'ida zai buƙaci nuna adadin da ake buƙata don cutar da jariri ɗaya ya fi haka.
Duk da haka, Meissner ya yi ra'ayin cewa matakin ya samo asali ne daga shakku mara tushe kuma za mu ga ƙarin kamuwa da cutar hepatitis B (Washington Post, Nature) Shi ma da wataƙila ta amfani da ƙasa da allurai uku na allurar rigakafin (New York Times, The Hill), suna jayayya cewa ƙwayoyin rigakafi ba su da alaƙa mai kyau ta kariya kuma ba su da goyon bayan kimiyya (Nature). The rashin daidaito babu shakka. Ana rungumar ƙwayoyin rigakafi a matsayin shaida na ingancin allurar rigakafi idan ya dace, misali a cikin ƙa'idojin magani, in ba haka ba.
An ambato wani memba na ACIP mai adawa da ra'ayinsa, likitan tabin hankali Joseph Hibbeln, duk da cewa bai faɗi komai game da ma'ana ba: An yi wa jagorar da aka sake fasalin "ba ta da hankali" (Washington Post), "ya kamata a yanke shawara bisa ga bayanai" (The Hill), "Waɗannan duk hasashe ne" (Time), "Akwai wata takamaiman shaidar illar yin wannan allurar riga-kafi kafin kwana 30?" (da Guardian). Babu wani ɗan jarida da ya yi mamakin dalilin da yasa likitan tabin hankali ya zauna a kwamitin allurar rigakafi.
Dr Tracy Beth Høeg, mai gabatarwa a taron, ya lura cewa Amurka ta fi bayar da shawarar allurar riga-kafi kusan 72 ga yara, yayin da ƙasashe kamar Denmark ke amfani da ƙasa da 30. PBS da kuma Time sun yi jayayya cewa Amurka ba ta da wata hanya ta daban wajen ba da shawarar allurar rigakafin cutar hepatitis B ga jarirai saboda ƙasashe 116 daga cikin ƙasashe 194 na WHO sun yi haka. Wannan ba kwatancen da ya dace ba ne, kuma, kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, a Yammacin Turai, Portugal kawai yana ba da shawarar allurar haihuwa ta duniya baki ɗaya.
Lawi ya lura cewa "Manufar da ake amfani da ita a Amurka ba ta dace da ƙasashe da yawa waɗanda... ke kula da 'ya'yansu kamar yadda muke kulawa da su ba," kuma lokacin da Meissner ya kalli ci gaban jadawalin allurar rigakafin yara a matsayin nasara ga lafiyar yara, Siri ta mayar da martani. daidai cewa Amurka "tana da mafi munin sakamako na lafiya a tsakanin dukkan ƙasashe masu tasowa."
Kafafen yaɗa labarai sun ambato tsoffin daraktocin CDC guda uku. Rochelle Walensky ta ce a cikin 'yan watannin da suka gabata, ta lura da "wani tsari na lalata shirin allurar riga-kafi na ƙasar" (Public Public Radio) da kuma cewa "tsarin sa ido kan amincin allurar rigakafi na Amurka zai iya gano abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin aminci da ba kasafai ake samu ba" (NatureWataƙila, amma ta yi watsi da su. A watan Afrilun 2021, an sami rahotannin kamuwa da cutar myocarditis bayan allurar rigakafin Covid-19, musamman tsakanin matasa maza da aka yi wa allurar rigakafin. ruwaito zuwa Tsarin Rahoton Abubuwan da Suka Faru na Allurar Rigakafi a CDC, amma Walensky ya ce zuwa ƙarshen wannan watan: "Ba mu ga wata sigina ba kuma a zahiri mun nemi siginar da gangan a cikin allurai sama da miliyan 200 da muka bayar."
Tom Frieden ya bayar da wata sanarwa ta ranar lahira: "Shawarar ACIP...ta sanya miliyoyin yaran Amurka cikin haɗarin lalacewar hanta, ciwon daji da kuma mutuwar da wuri." Ya shawarci kowa da kowa da ya "tsaya don neman kulawa bisa ga gaskiya" kuma "kada ya yarda da wannan shawarar da ba ta dace ba kuma mai haɗari" (Time).
Demetre Daskalakis ya yi wata muhawara mai ban mamaki: "Wannan zai nuna wa likitoci cewa akwai matsala game da allurar riga-kafi - babu"Reuters, CNN) Hakan kuma zai iya nuna cewa akwai babban nauyi a CDC fiye da na darektocin da suka gabata. Amma BBC da Washington Post sun shiga cikin wauta suna jayayya cewa kwararrun lafiyar jama'a, wakilan kungiyoyin likitoci, da wasu membobin ACIP suna fargabar cewa kuri'ar za ta iya haifar da damuwa mara tushe game da rigakafin kuma ta lalata amincewar da aka samu ga alluran rigakafi wanda ke haifar da ƙarin rashin lafiya.
Kafafen yaɗa labarai sun bai wa ƙungiyoyi suna da matsayi mara kyau ba tare da la'akari da ko suna nuna son kai ba. Sun yi kira ga mutane da su nemi "shawarwari masu zaman kansu," misali daga Ƙungiyar Likitoci ta Amurka da Kwalejin Ilimin Yara ta Amurka, don "shawarwari bisa kimiyya" (Public Public Radio).
Zan kira shi shawara bisa ga kuɗi. Kwalejin za ta ci gaba da tallafawa allurar rigakafin haihuwa (Reuters, CBS News, Kallon Manufofin Lafiya, CNN, Time, CBC) amma duk 'yan jarida sun manta cewa yana karɓar mutane da yawa miliyoyin daloli daga masana'antun allurar rigakafi da sauran kamfanonin magunguna. Ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa, masu yin allurar rigakafin cutar hepatitis B Merck, Sanofi, da GSK sun kare kayayyakinsu a matsayin masu aminci, kuma Merck ya "damu matuƙa da kuri'ar" (Reuters) Wataƙila saboda raguwar hannun jarin Merck?
"Kada ku saurari ACIP kwata-kwata...ku saurari Kwalejin Yara ta Amurka" (CNN), wanda ya ce "jagorar da ba ta da alhaki kuma mai yaudara da gangan" za ta cutar da yara; ya kira ta "dabarun da aka yi niyya don shuka tsoro da rashin yarda tsakanin iyalai"CBC); kuma ya faɗi wani babban ƙarya: "Shawarwarin allurar riga-kafi sun yi kama da juna a duk faɗin ƙasashe masu tasowa"CBS News).
Reuters ya lura cewa membobin ACIP sun ce allurar haihuwa "ba ta dace da ƙasashen da suka yi fice ba, musamman Denmark," amma daga baya suka ambaci "ƙwararren masanin cututtukan CDC" don cewa Amurka ba ta kama da Denmark ba tare da kulawar lafiya ta duniya da kuma cikakken bincike kan cutar. Washington Post ya ce "ƙwararrun masana lafiyar jama'a" sun lura cewa ƙasashen Turai da ke ba da shawarar rage alluran rigakafi ga yara ƙanana ne kuma suna da ingantattun tsarin kula da lafiya, kuma ƙungiyoyin likitoci sun yi jayayya cewa an yi nazari sosai kan jadawalin Amurka (wanda hakan ƙarya ne karara). Babu ɗaya daga cikin kafofin watsa labarai da ya ambato Levi, wanda ya ambaci sunan Levi, wanda da aka ambata cewa Amurka da Denmark suna da irin wannan yanayin cutar hepatitis B duk da manufofi daban-daban kan allurar haihuwa.
Ƙungiyar Likitoci ta Amurka kuma lalata sosai ta hanyar kuɗin masana'antu kuma ta ce shawarar ACIP "ba ta da wani tsari kuma tana lalata amincewar jama'a na tsawon shekaru da dama ga allurar riga-kafi mai ceton rai. Matakin yau ba ya dogara ne akan shaidar kimiyya ba" (CNN).
Kwalejin Likitoci ta Amurka ta ce "Wannan kuri'ar... za ta jefa yara cikin haɗari ne kawai da kuma ƙara haɗarin mutuwa ga miliyoyin mutane," kuma wani mai bincike kan cutar hanta ya yi kira ga mutane da su "koma ga ƙwararrunmu na gaske ... abokan aikinmu na CDC" (Kallon Manufofin Lafiya).
Time ya lura cewa "Ƙungiyar ƙungiyoyin likitoci da dama da ƙungiyoyin kare lafiya, ciki har da Ƙungiyar Likitoci ta Amurka" ta bayyana fargaba game da shawarwarin kwamitin: "A da, muna iya tsammanin kimiyya za ta jagoranci shawarwari."
Wasu masu tattaunawa da kafofin watsa labarai sun lura cewa allurar rigakafin cutar hepatitis B ta duniya baki ɗaya a lokacin haihuwa ta taimaka wajen kawar da kamuwa da cutar tsakanin jarirai a Amurka, kuma babu wata shaida da ke nuna cewa akwai wata illa (New York Times, Washington Post, The Hill, da Guardian). Duk da haka, rashin shaida ba shaida ce ta rashin halarta ba. Lokacin da Levi ya mayar da martani cewa haɗarin kamuwa da cutar ga yaro yana da ƙasa ƙwarai, masu goyon bayan allurar haihuwa sun lura cewa ana iya yaɗa cutar ta hanyar abubuwan gida kamar buroshin hakori, aski, ko tsefe da mutumin da ya kamu da cutar ke amfani da shi. Wannan hujja ce ta ƙarya kuma CDC ta ce yanar a bayyane yake: "Kodayake ana iya samun HBV a cikin yawu, ba a yaɗa shi ta hanyar sumba ko raba kayan aiki ba. Haka kuma ba a yaɗa shi ta hanyar atishawa, tari, runguma, shayarwa, ko abinci ko ruwa."
Lawi kuma ya ce cewa raguwar kamuwa da cutar hepatitis B ta faru ne tun kafin a gabatar da manufar ɗaukar allurar haihuwa kuma an mayar da hankali ne a cikin tsofaffin ƙungiyoyi, ba a tsakanin jarirai ba, waɗanda ke goyon bayan manufar da ta dogara da haɗari, wadda ta mayar da hankali kan jarirai da aka haifa wa uwaye masu ɗauke da cutar hepatitis B da kuma manyan mutane masu haɗarin kamuwa da cutar. Lokacin da mai ba da shawara kan cututtuka na ACIP Dr Flor Muñoz na Ƙungiyar Cututtuka ta Amurka ta yi iƙirarin cewa yawancin tattaunawar ta kasance "bayanan ƙarya," Levi ta amsa: "Ba bayanai ne na ƙarya ba ... wannan bayanan CDC ne." Lokacin da Muñoz ta ja da baya, tana gabatar da rashin amincewarta a matsayin gaskiya, Levi ta amsa: "Ina godiya da imaninku da yadda kuke ji game da wannan, amma waɗannan imani da ji ba su da goyon bayan bayanan da aka gabatar."
Levi ya kuma nuna shawarar da ACIP ta bayar a baya na allurar rigakafin Covid-19 ga yara masu lafiya, waɗanda ba su da haɗarin kamuwa da cutar, wanda ya bayyana a matsayin "ɗaya daga cikin misalan gazawar tsarin."
Shawarar ACIP ta haifar da fushi daga Sanata Bill Cassidy (R-LA), likita, wanda ya ce allurar rigakafin tana da aminci kuma tana da tasiri (BBC, CBS News, Time, Kallon Manufofin LafiyaYa rubuta a kan X cewa Siri, wani fitaccen lauya mai fafutukar hana allurar rigakafi, yana biyan bukatunsa wajen shigar da ƙara a gaban masu samar da allurar rigakafi kuma yana gabatar da shi kamar ƙwararre kan allurar rigakafin yara. ACIP ba ta da tabbas kwata-kwata” (Washington Post, The Hill).
The Hill ya yi suka musamman. Ya rubuta game da babban suka daga manyan ƙungiyoyin likitoci, rikicin cikin gida tsakanin membobin ACIP, da kuma rashin bayanai masu yawa don tallafawa canza jagororin allurar riga-kafi na tsawon shekaru, a zahiri, "An yi manyan bayanai da bincike kan waɗannan alluran riga-kafi, kuma suna da aminci kuma suna da tasiri." The Hill sun ambaci manyan mutane daga Illinois, Massachusetts, da Birnin New York saboda sukar da suka yi, wanda ya haɗa da cewa ba za su bi “harin da ACIP ta yi ba bisa ƙa’ida ba kan kimiyya bayyanannu da ke bisa shaidu.”
Idan 'yan jarida suka "kira a-quote," suna kiran ƙungiyoyi ko mutanen da suka san za su mayar da martani ta hanyar da ta nuna son zuciyarsu kamar sun tambayi "ƙwararre mai zaman kansa."
Kafafen yaɗa labarai sun cika da maganganun da ba su da shaida, marasa ma'ana, waɗanda ba su da ma'ana domin ba za a iya jayayya da su ba:
- "Ba za mu iya amincewa da hukumomin kiwon lafiya na tarayya ba idan ana maganar alluran rigakafi," "abin takaici ganin wannan hukuma da kimiyya ta jagoranta ta zama injin akida"New York Times);
- "Kwararrun likitoci sun yi jayayya cewa yana da mahimmanci a yi wa dukkan jarirai allurar rigakafin cutar hepatitis B" (Washington Post);
- "Alluran riga-kafi yana da matuƙar aminci," in ji masanaReuters);
- Ƙungiyar Masana Lafiyar Jiki ta Amurka ta "yi matuƙar takaici" a cikin wannan shawarar;
- Kwalejin Likitoci ta Amurka ta kira taron "abin da bai dace ba kwata-kwata" (CBS News); "masana da yawa sun nuna rashin jin daɗi game da shawarar da aka yanke a yau" (CNN);
- "Dogayen jerin kwararrun likitoci... an yi kira da a guji sauya jadawalin allurar riga-kafi" (Kallon Manufofin Lafiya);
- "Kwararru a fannin kiwon lafiya sun yi Allah wadai da matakin," CDC da ACIP ba su da tushe mai inganci kuma suna ƙara zama marasa amfaniCBC);
- "dandalin tattaunawa kan ƙarya," membobin ACIP sun tallata ra'ayoyinsu masu shakku kan allurar rigakafi, suna neman mai bogeyman, kuma ba za ku sami wani abu ba idan babu shi (Time);
- "Kwararru sun ce duk wani sauyi ga jadawalin allurar rigakafin cutar hepatitis B da ake bayarwa a yanzu zai iya haifar da sakamako mai girma ga lafiyar yara a Amurka"da Guardian).
Lokacin da kafofin watsa labarai suka gabatar da kalamai da za a iya jayayya a kansu, yawanci ba daidai ba ne ko kuma suna ɓatarwa sosai, misali "Gabatarwar Siri ta cika da 'ƙarya da ɓatar da bayanai,' kuma ya haɗa izini da aka bayar da izini" (New York Times); "ƙalubalen da ƙungiyoyin likitoci suka yi na cewa shawarar ta tabbatar da nasarar dabarun kiwon lafiyar jama'a, kusan kawar da cutar mai haɗari tsakanin yaran Amurka"Washington Post); "'Yan tsirarun membobi suna jayayya cewa ba a tallafawa canjin ta hanyar bayanai ba" (Reuters).
Shawara ta Manyan Lambobi
Kamar yadda masana'antar miyagun ƙwayoyi ke yi, kafofin watsa labarai suna amfani da adadi mai yawa a cikin farfagandarsu.
A duk duniya, allurar rigakafin ta hana miliyoyin kamuwa da cuta (Kallon Manufofin LafiyaKafin allurar rigakafin, kimanin mutane 200,000 zuwa 300,000 ne ke kamuwa da cutar kowace shekara; tun lokacin da aka fara bai wa jarirai allurar rigakafin, jimillar adadin wadanda suka kamu da cutar ya ragu zuwa kusan 14,000 a kowace shekara (PBS).
Bayan an ba da shawarar a yi allurar haihuwa a shekarar 1991, allurar ta hana mutuwar mutane 90,000 a Amurka (BBC) da kuma rage kamuwa da cutar hepatitis B tsakanin jarirai da yara da kashi 99% (CBS News, Time, Kallon Manufofin Lafiya, Nature).
Duk waɗannan ikirari ƙarya ne ko kuma ƙarya ce kawai. data An gabatar a taron ya nuna cewa yawancin raguwar kamuwa da cutar hepatitis B a cikin shekarun da suka gabata ya faru ne kafin a ba da shawarar shan maganin haihuwa kuma galibi ya samo asali ne daga canjin hali, tantancewa, da kuma allurar riga-kafi ga ƙungiyoyi masu haɗari.
Sanata Cassidy ya rubuta a shafin X cewa "Kafin a ba da shawarar shan maganin haihuwa, jarirai 20,000 a shekara sun kamu da cutar hepatitis B. Yanzu, bai kai 20 ba" (CBS News, CNN, Kallon Manufofin Lafiya). Wannan kuskure ne sau 133. Bayanan CDC sun nuna cewa a shekarar 1990, kawai a kusa da 150 yara 'yan ƙasa da shekara ɗaya sun kamu da cutar.
Likitan allurar riga-kafi Paul Offit ya yi ƙarya a CNN
The mafi shahara Likitan allurar riga-kafi a duniya, bayan allurar riga-kafi "Ubangida" Stanley Plotkin, shine Paul Offit, amma hakan na iya zama tarihi bayan sabuwar allurar Siri wahayi da kuma bayyanarsa mai halaka kansa a CNN a rana ta biyu ta taron ACIP.
Offit ya shaida wa masu kallo cewa ba a gayyace shi ya yi jawabi a taron ba amma takardu na ciki sun nuna cewa ikirarinsa ƙarya ne. Jami'an CDC sun tuntube shi akai-akai - ta imel, kiran waya da fom ɗin neman shugaban majalisa - suna gayyatarsa ya gabatar.
Offit ya gargaɗi masu kallo cewa "kashi 50% na mutanen da ke wannan ƙasar suna da cutar hepatitis B mai tsanani kuma ba su sani ba" (kimanin kashi 0.3% ne kawai ke da cutar ta yau da kullun) kuma ya ba da shawarar cewa jarirai jarirai suna cikin haɗari ta hanyar hulɗa ta yau da kullun da masu kula da yara, ma'aikatan kula da yara, da 'yan uwa saboda raba buroshin hakori, tawul, ko kuma kawai suna riƙe da wani babba da ya kamu da cutar, wanda hakan ya sa aka yi watsi da shi. CDC ta musanta zai iya faruwa.
Offit ya bayyana ACIP a matsayin "wasan kwaikwayo na ban dariya," wani "kwamiti mai ba da shawara kan hana allurar rigakafi" wanda "ke sanya yara cikin haɗari." Ya ƙarya cikin ban tsoro yana cewa kafin a fara allurar riga-kafin jarirai a duniya baki ɗaya, "yara 30,000 'yan ƙasa da shekara 10" suna kamuwa da cutar hepatitis B kowace shekara. Bayanan CDC gabatar A taron ACIP, an nuna cewa sabbin kamuwa da cutar hepatitis B a cikin yara 'yan ƙasa da shekara 10 sun kai kusan 400 a kowace shekara kafin a fara amfani da allurar haihuwa ta duniya baki ɗaya.
Ina matukar godiya ga 'yar jarida Maryanne Demasi, PhD, wacce ta rubuta labarai da yawa da na ambata a sama. Ta ba Offit damar fayyace kalamansa amma bai mayar da martani ba. Wannan shirun ya bambanta sosai da tabbacin da yake kawowa gidan talabijin na kasa, inda ake gabatar da ikirarinsa ba tare da bincike ba da kuma nasa alakar kudi kusan ba a taɓa ambaton masu samar da allurar rigakafi ba.
Offit ba mai yin sharhi ba ne mai son nuna son kai. aikata miliyoyin kuɗi daga sayar da hannun jarinsa a allurar rigakafin rotavirus ta Merck, RotaTeq, kuma ya daɗe yana da alaƙa da masana'antar magunguna waɗanda yake kare kayayyakinsu akai-akai. Duk da haka manyan kafofin watsa labarai suna gabatar da shi a matsayin mai tsaka-tsaki kuma suna ɗaukar maganganunsa a matsayin abin da ba a saba gani ba.
karshe
Rahoton da kafofin watsa labarai suka bayar game da batun cutar hepatitis B ya ɓatar da mutane da yawa, kuma shawarar da suka bayar cewa ya kamata mu amince da "ƙwararrun" da suka yi Allah wadai da shawarar da kwamitin ACIP ya yanke ta ɓatar da mutane da yawa.
Sabon shugaban ACIP na farko shine masanin kidayar halittu Martin Kulldorff. ci gaba Tsarin sa ido da CDC ke amfani da shi don gano illolin allurar riga-kafi cikin sauri, wanda aka yi la'akari da shi mafi kyau a duniya. A ranar 1 ga Disamba, Kennedy ya sanar cewa an naɗa Kulldorff a babban matsayi a Ma'aikatar Lafiya da Ayyukan Dan Adam bayan ya "canza ACIP daga tambarin roba zuwa kwamiti wanda ke isar da kimiyya mai ma'auni ga jama'ar Amurka." Daraktan NIH Jay Bhattacharya ya ce "Shekaru biyar da suka gabata, ni da Martin Kulldorff muka rubuta Babban Sanarwa na Barrington yana kira da a kawo karshen kulle-kullen annoba. Wannan hanyar da ta dogara da shaida game da lafiyar jama'a yanzu ta mamaye HHS.
Abin da kafofin watsa labarai suka gabatar shi ne abin da muke kira maganin da ya dogara da manyan mutane, kuma rahotannin mujallun likitanci kan batutuwan allurar riga-kafi suma bala'i ne. Zan ƙare da da m na wani labarin da na buga a ranar 10 ga Nuwamba:
Martanin da aka mayar kan shirye-shiryen Robert F. Kennedy Jr. na inganta tsaron allurar riga-kafi kusan iri ɗaya ne. Na yi nazarin yadda aka tsara labaran a cikin wani rukuni na labarai 33 a cikin BMJ, inda 'yan jarida ko edita suka rubuta guda 30. Na mai da hankali kan ko rahoton ya kasance daidaitacce kuma mai ba da labari, da kuma ko labaran sun ga wani amfani a cikin gyare-gyaren Kennedy a matsayinsa na Sakataren Lafiya da Ayyukan Dan Adam ko kuma sun goyi bayan yanayin da ake ciki.
Rahoton da aka bayar a BMJ ya nuna son kai sosai. Yawancin bayanan da aka bayar a cikin rashin jin daɗin Kennedy sun ɓatar da mutane, wasu kuma ba daidai ba ne. An yi Allah wadai da duk wani shiri na inganta amincin allurar rigakafi, ba tare da wani bincike kan cancantarsu ta hanyar da ta dogara da shaida ba. Madadin haka, BMJ ta ambaci mutanen da ke da manufofinsu kuma suka la'anci Kennedy ba tare da bayar da wata shaida a madadinsu ba yayin da suke bayyana imaninsu ga allurar rigakafi, tare da ra'ayin masana'antu cewa suna da aminci kuma suna da tasiri, kodayake duk magunguna za su cutar da wasu mutane.
BMJ ba ta damu da cin hanci da rashawa da ke yaɗuwa a cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya na Amurka ba - ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da Kennedy ya fi mayar da hankali a kansu - amma ta yi watsi da su.
Duk da hare-haren ad hominem da ake ci gaba da kai wa, Kennedy ya yi nasarar gabatar da muhimman canje-canje da tsare-tsare da suka shafi amincin allurar rigakafi, jagora game da yadda ake amfani da alluran rigakafi, da kuma game da guje wa ƙarfe masu guba a cikin magungunan rigakafi.
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Dokta Peter Gøtzsche shi ne ya kafa Cochrane Haɗin kai, wanda da zarar an yi la'akari da babbar ƙungiyar bincike ta likita mai zaman kanta ta duniya. A cikin 2010 Gøtzsche an nada shi Farfesa na Tsarin Bincike na Clinical da Bincike a Jami'ar Copenhagen. Gøtzsche ya buga fiye da 100 takardu a cikin "manyan biyar" mujallolin likita (JAMA, Lancet, New England Journal of Medicine, British Medical Journal, da Annals of Internal Medicine). Gøtzsche ya kuma rubuta litattafai kan al'amuran kiwon lafiya da suka hada da Magungunan Mutuwa da Laifukan Tsara.
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