Wani sabon bita na tsari da meta-bincike Cibiyar Harkokin Tattalin Arziki ta buga ta gano cewa kulle-kullen Covid ya kasa rage yawan mace-mace.
Binciken meta-bincike na Herby-Jonung-Hanke ya gano cewa kulle-kulle, kamar yadda aka bayar da rahoton a cikin binciken da aka yi la'akari da ƙididdiga masu ƙarfi a cikin bazara na 2020, sun rage yawan mace-mace da kashi 3.2 cikin ɗari idan aka kwatanta da ƙarancin tsauraran manufofin kulle-kullen da irin su Sweden suka ɗauka.
● Wannan yana nufin kulle-kulle ya hana mutuwar mutane 1,700 a Ingila da Wales, mutuwar 6,000 a duk faɗin Turai, da mutuwar 4,000 a Amurka.
● Rufe kulle-kulle ya hana mace-mace kadan idan aka kwatanta da lokacin mura - a Ingila da Wales, mura 18,500–24,800 na faruwa, a Turai mura 72,000 na faruwa, kuma a Amurka mutuwar mura 38,000 na faruwa a lokacin mura.
● Waɗannan sakamakon ba su da kyau idan aka kwatanta da na Kwalejin Imperial ta London (Maris 2020), wanda ya yi hasashen cewa kulle-kulle zai ceci rayuka sama da 400,000 a Burtaniya da sama da rayuka miliyan 2 a Amurka.
Herby, Jonung, da Hanke sun kammala cewa sauye-sauye na son rai a halaye, kamar nisantar da jama'a, sun taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen magance cutar - amma tsauraran hani, kamar dokokin zaman gida da rufe makarantu, sun haifar da tsada mai yawa amma sun haifar da fa'idodin kiwon lafiya marasa ƙarfi.
Makullin COVID-19 ya kasance "rashin gazawar manufofin duniya na manyan ma'auni," bisa ga wannan sabon binciken ilimi da aka yi bita. Manufar draconian ta kasa rage yawan mace-mace yayin da take sanya tsadar rayuwa, al'adu, da tattalin arziki.
"Wannan binciken shi ne na farko da ya kunshi kimantawa na bincike kan ingancin hane-hane na wajibi akan mace-mace," a cewar daya daga cikin marubutan binciken, Dokta Lars Jonung, farfesa a cibiyar Knut Wicksell na Nazarin harkokin kudi a Jami'ar Lund ta Sweden, "Ya nuna cewa kulle-kulle ya kasance alkawuran da bai yi nasara ba, amma yana da illa ga lafiyar al'umma. wakiltar kuskure mafi girma na siyasa a zamanin yau."
Cikakken littafin mai shafuka 220, wanda cibiyar nazari ta Cibiyar Harkokin Tattalin Arziki ta London ta buga a yau, ya fara ne da nazari mai tsauri na 19,646 masu yuwuwar nazari. Don nazarin meta-bincike na su, tantancewar marubutan ya haifar da zaɓin nazarce-nazarce guda 22 waɗanda suka dogara akan ainihin, ƙididdigar adadin mace-mace, ba bisa sakamakon da aka samu daga darasi na ƙirar ƙira ba. Ana ɗaukar meta-bincike a matsayin 'daidaita-zinariya' don shaida, yayin da yake haɗa kwatankwacin karatu, bincike mai zaman kansa don tantance yanayin gaba ɗaya.
Marubutan, ciki har da Farfesa Steve H. Hanke na Jami'ar Johns Hopkins, suma suna yin la'akari da nau'ikan binciken da suka tantance tasirin hana kulle-kullen mutum, gami da ka'idojin zama a gida zuwa rufe makarantu da hana tafiye-tafiye.
A kowane yanayi, hani ya yi kadan don rage yawan mace-macen COVID-19:
● Umurnin matsuguni (zauna-gida) a Turai da Amurka sun rage yawan mace-macen COVID da kashi 1.4 zuwa 4.1;
● Rufe kasuwancin ya rage yawan mace-mace da kashi 7.5;
● Iyakoki na tara ƙila ya karu da mutuwar COVID da kusan kashi shida;
● Dokokin rufe fuska, waɗanda yawancin ƙasashe suka guji a lokacin bazara na 2020, sun rage yawan mace-mace da kashi 18.7 cikin ɗari, musamman umarni a wuraren aiki; kuma
● Rufe makarantu ya haifar da raguwar mace-mace tsakanin kashi 2.5 zuwa kashi 6.2.
Hanya ta biyu da marubutan suka yi amfani da ita don kimanta tasirin kulle-kulle a kan mace-mace, haɗin gwiwar nazarin da ya duba takamaiman matakan kulle-kulle (kamar rufe makarantu, saka abin rufe fuska, da sauransu) kan yadda a zahiri aka yi amfani da shisshigin marasa magani guda ɗaya a Turai da Amurka. Yin amfani da wannan hanyar, marubutan sun kiyasta cewa kulle-kulle sun rage yawan mace-mace da kashi 10.7 a cikin bazara na 2020 - ƙasa da kiyasin da aka samar ta hanyar ƙirar cuta.
Binciken ya kwatanta tasirin matakan kulle-kullen da tasirin 'yin kadan' maimakon yin komai kwata-kwata. Martanin Sweden game da COVID yana cikin mafi ƙanƙanta a Turai, amma har yanzu ya sanya wasu takunkumi na doka kuma ya haɗa da babban kamfen ɗin jama'a.
Matakan sa kai, kamar nisantar da jama'a da rage tuntuɓar mutum-da-mutum, da kyau sun rage yawan mace-macen COVID a Sweden, ƙasar da ba ta sanya takunkumin doka ba. Wannan ya yi daidai da shaida a farkon barkewar cutar cewa aikin sa kai ya fara rage watsawa kafin kulle-kullen.
Marubutan kuma sun kammala da cewa umarni na doka ya iyakance ɗan ƙaramin tsari ne kawai na masu iya yaɗuwa, kuma a wasu lokuta za su iya samun ci baya ta hanyar ƙarfafa mutane su zauna a gida a cikin wuraren da ba su da aminci.
Idan matakin son rai, ƙananan canje-canje na doka, da yaƙin neman zaɓe na bayanai sun rage yaduwar COVID yadda ya kamata, kulle-kulle ba su da tushe daga mahangar lafiyar jama'a. Wannan mummunan ƙarshe na ƙarshe yana ƙaruwa da ƙimar tattalin arziki da zamantakewar al'umma da ke da alaƙa da kulle-kulle, waɗanda suka haɗa da:
● ci gaban tattalin arziki;
● karuwa mai yawa a cikin bashin jama'a;
● haɓaka rashin daidaituwa;
● lalata ilimin yara da lafiyar yara;
● Rage ingancin rayuwa mai alaƙa da lafiya;
● lalacewar lafiyar kwakwalwa;
● ƙara yawan laifuka; kuma
● barazana ga dimokuradiyya da asarar 'yanci.
Binciken ya kammala da cewa, sai dai in an sami wata hujja ta daban, ya kamata a yi watsi da kulle-kulle daga hannu don shawo kan cututtukan da ke gaba.
Jonas Herby, marubucin binciken kuma mai ba da shawara na musamman a Cibiyar Nazarin Siyasa (CEPOS), wata kafa ce mai zaman kanta mai zaman kanta a Copenhagen, Denmark, ya ce:
"Nazarin ɓata da yawa, waɗanda ke motsa su ta hanyar ƙirar ƙira da kuma yin watsi da mahimman dalilai kamar canje-canjen halayen son rai, sun yi tasiri sosai kan fahimtar farko game da kulle-kulle a matsayin matakan inganci sosai. Binciken mu na meta yana nuna cewa lokacin da masu bincike ke ƙididdige ƙarin masu canji, kamar halayen son rai, tasirin kullewa ya zama abin sakaci."
Farfesa Steve H. Hanke, marubucin marubuci kuma farfesa a fannin tattalin arziki da kuma darektan Cibiyar Nazarin Harkokin Tattalin Arziki, Kiwon Lafiyar Duniya, da Nazarin Kasuwancin Kasuwanci a Jami'ar Johns Hopkins: "Idan ya zo ga COVID, ƙirar annoba suna da abubuwa da yawa a cikin gama gari: zato mai ban tsoro, tsinkayar gashi na bala'i wanda ya rasa alamar, da kuma 'yan darussan da aka koya."
"Kimiyyar kulle-kulle a bayyane take; bayanan suna cikin: rayukan da aka ceto sun ragu a cikin guga idan aka kwatanta da tsadar farashin da aka sanya."
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Labarai daga Cibiyar Brownstone, ƙungiyar sa-kai da aka kafa a watan Mayu na 2021 don tallafawa al'umma da ke rage rawar tashin hankali a rayuwar jama'a.
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