Shari'ar da SARS-CoV-2, kwayar cutar da ke haifar da COVID-19, ta fito daga dakin binciken kasar Sin da alama, da farko, tana da ƙarfi.
Bayan haka, ya fara bayyana kusa da Cibiyar Nazarin Kwayoyin cuta ta Wuhan (WIV), babban dakin bincike da ke gudanar da bincike kan irin wadannan kwayoyin cuta.
Bugu da ƙari, a bayyane yake cewa ƙwayar cuta ba ta asali ta asali ba ce.
Hukumomin kasar Sin sun tabbatar da cewa, ba a samu ko daya daga cikin tafkunan dabbobin da bala'in malalar da zai bukata ba, ko dai a cikin Huanan rigar kasuwa a Wuhan ko wani wuri, duk da haka m da m gwaji.
Ita ma kwayar cutar ta riga ta kasance dace da mutane a farkon lokuta da aka rubuta, ba tare da alamun farkon ba bambancin kwayoyin halitta cewa irin wannan karbuwa zai haifar.
Bugu da kari, kwayar cutar tana yaduwa da yawa ta hanyar samun, a tsakanin wasu abubuwa, a furin cleavage site. Ba a taɓa ganin wannan yanayin a cikin ƙwayoyin cuta masu kama da SARS ba a da, amma yana sau da yawa ƙara da masana kimiyya a cikin Lab don ƙara kamuwa da cuta.
Don haka a fili kwayar cutar ce da aka yi amfani da ita, kuma ta fara bulla a wani birni mai babban dakin gwaje-gwaje da ke aiki kan irin wadannan ƙwayoyin cuta. Ƙarshen da alama ba za a iya tserewa ba: kwayar cutar ta fito daga dakin gwaje-gwaje, kamar yadda ƙwayoyin cuta ke yi daga lokaci zuwa lokaci.
Akwai matsala ɗaya kawai game da wannan ka'idar: babu wata hujja ta gaske da za ta goyi bayanta. Bayan fiye da shekaru uku, babu wata kwakkwarar hujja da ta bayyana cewa kwayar cutar ta kubuta daga WIV.
Babu wata shaida, alal misali, cewa WIV ta riƙe samfuran SARS-CoV-2 ko kuma tana yin gwaje-gwajen da zasu haifar da ƙirƙirar ta.
Kwayar cutar da aka san ta fi kama da ita ita ce (ko ta kasance a lokacin) RaTG13. Wannan mun sani, duk da haka, saboda ƙungiyar WIV da kansu sun gaya mana game da shi a cikin su takarda ta farko of Janairu 23, 2020, inda suka bayyana cewa suna da samfurin sa kuma sun kwatanta kwayoyin kwayoyin cutar guda biyu.
Mahimmanci, babu wata takarda da aka buga wacce aka ruwaito ana sarrafa RaTG13 a cikin WIV. Bugu da ƙari, babu wanda, ciki har da daga Ƙungiyar Leken Asiri ta Amurka, da ya yi iƙirarin samun shaidar masu binciken suna yin irin wannan aikin a can.
Akwai, a cikin 2015, a takarda hade da masu binciken WIV waɗanda suka yi cikakken bayani game da ƙarin rukunin rukunin furn zuwa ƙwayar cuta mai kama da SARS. Koyaya, an yi aikin a cikin Amurka, kuma kwayar cutar (SL-SHC014-MA15) ya bambanta sosai da SARS-CoV-2, ta 5,000 nucleotides, wanda ke kusan kashi 15.
Don haka babu wata shaida kai tsaye WIV tana aiki akan SARS-CoV-2 ko ƙwayar cuta ta precursor. Ta yaya, to, masu goyon bayan leak ɗin lab-leak ke gina shari'arsu? Mafi yawa ta hanyar nuna halin da ake zargin jagoran mai binciken WIV Dr. Shi Zhengli.
Matt Ridley da Alina Chan, alal misali, jayayya cewa gazawar Shi ya bayyana a farkon 2020 alakar da ke tsakanin RaTG13 da matsananciyar ciwon huhu a cikin masu hakar ma'adinai shida a Mojiang a 2013 yana da matukar shakku. Duk da haka, yana yiwuwa sosai an yi watsi da shi. Bayan haka, Shi da tawagarta ba su yi jinkirin buga kwayar halittar RaTG13 ba tare da na SARS-CoV-2 da kuma jawo hankali ga kamanceninta, yin hakan. Janairu 23, 2020. Idan aka yi la'akari da matsalolin sirrin da aka saba yi na gwamnatin kasar Sin, akwai babu alama suna ƙoƙarin ɓoye wani abu musamman game da RaTG13 da SARS-CoV-2.
Haka kuma ya kasance da'awa Abu na farko da Shi ya yi a ranar 30 ga Disamba, 2019, game da koyo game da kwayar cutar, shine "canza bayanan kwamfutoci na WIV na novel coronaviruses da masana kimiyyar halittu na duniya ke amfani da su don yin bincike don sa ya fi wahala a nemo waɗanne coronaviruses da take da su a gininta." Wannan ya bayyana a matsayin nuni ga canza 'keywords' A cikin bayanan WIV a ko kafin Disamba 30. Dalilin da ya sa aka yi haka ba a sani ba, amma ya kamata a lura cewa bayanan ya riga ya kasance ba a iya isa ga jama'a na tsawon watanni a wannan lokacin. Ko mene ne bayanin, gaskiyar ita ce jim kadan bayan haka, Shi ya buga takardarta da ke bayyana yadda SARS-CoV-2 ke da alaƙa da ɗaya daga cikin samfuran da aka riƙe a cikin dakin gwaje-gwajenta, don haka kuma, ba ta bayyana tana ɓoye komai ba.
Hukumar ta WIV ta dauki bayanan kwayar cutar a layi a ranar 12 ga Satumba, 2019. Daga baya Sinawa sun ce hakan ya faru ne saboda yunkurin hacking - wanda idan gaskiya ne ya haifar da tambayar wanda ya yi hacking kuma me yasa. A cikin 2022 Rahoton asalin Covid daga Majalisar Dattijan Amurka, Amurka ta ce cire bayanan na da nasaba da wani binciken siyasa na wani nau'i - wanda ke da alaka da yunkurin kutse. Ko ta yaya, wannan ya faru ne watanni kafin barkewar cutar kuma babu wata shaida da Sinawa suka dauki matakin saboda sun san cewa kwayar cutar ta tsere ko wani abu makamancin haka.
Hasali ma, babu wata shaida da Sinawa ke sane da barkewar cutar kwata-kwata kafin Disamba. Leken asirin Amurka yana da ya bayyana ba ta da shaidar da Sinawa ke sane da shi kafin lokacin, kuma wannan ya yi daidai da yadda Sinawa da kansu suka yi.
Bayan haka, idan hukumomin kasar Sin sun san cewa wata kwayar cuta mai saurin yaduwa daga dakin bincikensu tana kwance, me yasa suka kwashe makonni a watan Janairu ba tare da daukar wani mataki ba, yayin da suke binciken ko ta yadu tsakanin mutane?
Kuma me yasa Shi Zhengli ya buga kwayoyin halittar kwayar cutar tare da kwayar halittar RaTG13 kuma ya nuna babu wata shaida ta wani taron sake haduwa a cikin SARS-CoV-2 (watau babu wata alama da aka samar da ita ta dabi'a daga RaTG13 hade a cikin rundunar tare da wata kwayar cuta), idan ta san cewa hakika sun kirkiro kwayar cutar daga RaTG13 a cikin dakin binciken su?
An yi iƙirarin cewa WIV ta rufe na tsawon makonni biyu a cikin Oktoba, abin da ake nufi da cewa wannan na iya zama abin yabo. Koyaya, da'awar ta dogara ne akan wani bincike na sirri wanda ba a buga ba na amfani da wayar hannu da ba a taɓa samun tabbaci ba. Ba a ambace shi ba a cikin rahoton asali na Majalisar Dattijai Covid.
The Rahoton majalisar dattijai ya lissafa abin da ya yi iƙirarin shaida na al'amurran tsaro a WIV. Koyaya, cikakkun bayanai ba su da tabbas, kuma rahoton ya kuma bayyana a sarari cewa duk bayanan da aka haɗa sun riga sun kasance a cikin jama'a.
Mahimmanci, mai bincike na Yammacin Turai, Dokta Danielle Anderson, yana da ya ce tana aiki a WIV a cikin lokacin da ake tambaya, har zuwa Nuwamba 2019, kuma ba ta shaida ko jin labarin wasu manyan damuwa ko tsoma baki da suka shafi aminci ko yuwuwar yabo ba.
Don haka ana iya taƙaita matsalar ka'idar leak ɗin kamar haka: babu wata shaida cewa WIV tana aiki akan SARS-CoV-2 ko mafarin ta, kuma a bayyane yake cewa Sinawa ba su nuna hali a cikin Disamba da Janairu kamar yadda kuke tsammani idan sun riga sun san ƙwayar cuta mai saurin yaduwa daga dakin binciken su a kwance. Nuna yatsa ga halin Dr. Shi Zhengli a farkon makonni kamar yadda ake zargin akwai koma baya saboda a fili yake cewa ta da sauri aka buga kwayoyin halittar kwayar cutar tare da na RaTG13 kuma sun ja hankali ga kamanceceniya da gaskiyar cewa da wuya kwayar cutar ta fito ta dabi'a daga kwayar cutar da aka gwada.
Ba zan ce hakika ka'idar karya ce ba. Wataƙila masu binciken WIV a zahiri suna yin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen amma saboda wasu dalilai sun kasa yin rikodin su a ko'ina. Kuma watakila akwai wasu dalilai da za su iya barin kwayar cutar ta tsage na 'yan makonni yayin da suke yin kamar ba su san tana yaduwa ba, da kuma dalilan da za su zabi su kasance masu gaskiya game da dangantakar kut da kut da kwayar cutar da samfurin da suka rike da kuma shaidar da ba ta fito daga gare ta ba.
Amma ba zan iya tunanin komai ba.
Don haka daga ina wannan ƙwayar cuta ta injiniya ta fito, kuma me yasa ta fara bayyana a Wuhan?
Kamar yadda nake da shi rubuta a baya, wata babbar alama na iya kasancewa gaskiyar cewa majiyoyin leken asirin Amurka da yawa suna da ya bayyana sun biyo bayan bullar cutar a China tun daga watan Nuwambar 2019. Wannan duk da cewa China ba ta san barkewar cutar ba a wancan lokacin (har ma jami’an leken asirin Amurka sun yi amfani da shi. yace da yawa), kuma akwai babu sigina mai iya ganewa na irin wannan barkewar.
Wannan shaida game da ledar dakin gwaje-gwaje na WIV ta kara kara da cewa Sinawa ba su da wata alaka da wannan kwayar cutar ta injiniya. Yana ƙara zama da wahala a guje wa ƙarshe cewa mutanen da ke da alhakin kwayar cutar na iya zama irin wadanda suka riga sun san akwai.
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