Elon Musk's saya na Twitter na iya zama farkon babi na farko a cikin Wars Wars, inda 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki ya yi nasara a ƙaramin yaƙi mai mahimmanci. Cikakkun yaƙe-yaƙe a duk faɗin yanayin dijital, duk da haka, zai ƙaru ne kawai, kamar yadda sabon rahoto daga Cibiyar Brookings, babban ɗan wasa a cikin rukunin masana'antu na censorship, ya nuna.
Na farko, bita.
Rarraba takardun ciki, da aka sani da Fayilolin Twitter, ya nuna cewa cece-kucen kafofin watsa labarun a cikin 'yan shekarun nan ya fi girma kuma mafi tsari fiye da mu masu sukar da ake zargi. Mafi muni, fayilolin sun fallasa haɗin gwiwa mai zurfi - har ma da haɗin kai na aiki - tsakanin Twitter da dama na hukumomin gwamnati, ciki har da FBI, Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta Gida, DOD, CIA, Cibiyar Tsaro ta Tsaro ta Intanet (CISA), Ma'aikatar Lafiya da Ayyukan Dan Adam, CDC, kuma, ba shakka, Fadar White House.
Hukumomin gwamnati kuma sun sanya ɗimbin ƙungiyoyin ilimi da ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu zuwa yi aikinsu na kazanta. Cibiyar Sadarwa ta Duniya, wadda ke cikin Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen, alal misali, an kaddamar da ita ne don yaki da ta'addanci na kasa da kasa amma yanzu an sake yin amfani da shi don kai hari ga Amurkawa.
Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka kuma tallafi wani kaya UK mai suna Fihirisar Rarrabawar Duniya, wanda ke sanya sunayen mutane da kungiyoyi na Amurkawa tare da shawo kan masu tallace-tallace da masu sayarwa don kauce wa su. Tsaron Cikin Gida ya ƙirƙiro Haɗin gwiwar Mutuncin Zaɓe (EIP) - ciki har da Stanford Internet Observatory, Cibiyar Jama'a ta Jami'ar Washington, da DFRLab na Majalisar Atlantika - wanda ya yi alama don murkushe zamantakewar dubban miliyoyin saƙonnin da 'yan ƙasar Amurka suka buga.
Hatta manyan jami'an gwamnatin Amurka sun shiga wannan matakin - suna yin kira kai tsaye (kuma cikin nasara) zuwa Twitter don hana masu fadan gaskiya barna.
Tare da rugujewar sahihanci na kafofin watsa labaru na gado a cikin shekaru 15 da suka gabata, mutane a duniya sun juya zuwa kafofin watsa labarun don labarai da tattaunawa. Lokacin da kafofin watsa labarun suka fara yin la'akari da batutuwa masu mahimmanci, kamar Covid-19, mutane sun ƙara komawa ga kwasfan fayiloli. Likitoci da manazarta waɗanda aka murƙushe su akan Twitter, Facebook, da YouTube, kuma waɗanda ba shakka babu inda za a same su a cikin kafofin watsa labarai na gado, ana ba da su ta hanyar kwasfan fayiloli mafi kyawun mafi kyawun bincike kan fa'idodin kimiyya da manufofin cutar.
Wanda ya kawo mu sabon rahoton daga Brookings, wanda ya ƙarasa da cewa ɗayan mafi yawan tushen 'ɓatattun bayanai' shine yanzu - kun zato - kwasfan fayiloli. Kuma ƙari, cewa rashin tsari na kwasfan fayiloli babban haɗari ne.
A cikin "ƙididdigar saurare: Yadda manyan masu fafutukar siyasa ke yada da'awar da ba ta da tabbas da ƙarya," Valerie Wirtschafter ta rubuta:
Saboda babban bangare ga faɗin-duk abin da kuke so na matsakaici, podcasting yana ba da hanya mai mahimmanci wacce ba ta da tushe da da'awar ƙarya ta yaɗu. Kamar yadda aka yi amfani da sharuddan a cikin wannan rahoto, kalmomin “da’awar ƙarya,” “da’awar ɓarna,” “da’awar da ba ta da tushe” ko duk wani haɗin kai kimantawa ne na ƙungiyar bincike na ƙayyadaddun bayanai da ikirari da aka kafa a cikin hanyar da aka shimfida a ƙasa a cikin sashin ƙira na bincike da abubuwan da aka haɗa. Irin wannan iƙirari, shaidu sun nuna, sun taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tsara ra'ayin jama'a da halayen siyasa. Duk da waɗannan haɗarin, yanayin yanayin podcasting da rawar da yake takawa a cikin muhawarar siyasa ba su sami kulawa kaɗan ba saboda dalilai daban-daban, gami da matsalolin fasaha a cikin nazarin sa'o'i da yawa, abubuwan da ke tushen sauti da rashin fahimta game da matsakaici.
Don nazarin miliyoyin sa'o'i na abun cikin odiyo, an yi amfani da Brookings sarrafa harshe na halitta don bincika mahimman kalmomi da jimloli. Daga nan ya dogara ga shafukan binciken gaskiya mai salo na Siyasa da Snopes - dakata don dariyar hayaniya…haki – don tantance gaskiya ko karyar wadannan maganganu. Bayan haka, an tura a 'kwatankwacin kamanni' aiki don gano maganganun ƙarya iri ɗaya a cikin wasu kwasfan fayiloli.
Sakamakon: "Podcasters masu ra'ayin mazan jiya sun kasance sau 11 fiye da kwasfan fayiloli masu sassaucin ra'ayi don raba gaskiyar da aka bincika a matsayin ƙarya ko mara tushe."
Ɗaya daga cikin nunin Brookings da aka yi kuskure a matsayin "mai ra'ayin mazan jiya" ita ce fasfo ɗin kimiyyar doki mai duhu wanda Bret Weinstein da Heather Heying suka shirya. A cikin shekaru ukun da suka gabata, sun binciko rikitacciyar duniyar Covid, suna ba da haske mai zurfi tare da tawali'u suna gyara kuskuren su. Brookings, duk da haka, ya ƙaddara kashi 13.8 cikin XNUMX na shirye-shiryensu na ɗauke da bayanan karya.
Menene hanyoyin Brookings, ta amfani da wani sashe na masu binciken gaskiya, za su tofa idan an yi amfani da su ga CNN, da Washington Post, FDA, CDC, ko daruruwan shafukan yanar gizo, kwasfan fayiloli, likitocin TV, da "masu sadarwa na kimiyya," wanda ya sami kusan duk abin da ba daidai ba?
Da yake magana akan faifan jarida Matt Taibbi, marubuci Walter Kirn ya ruguza sabon tsarin tantance gaskiyar AI. Yana yin kama da ya mai da ƙima zuwa "ilimin lissafi, ba Tsarin Mulki ba, damuwa" - ko kuma, kamar yadda ya kira shi, "kimiyya, kimiyya, ilimin kimiyya."
Sarkar daisy na sanin girman kai, son rai, da daidaiton ƙarya da aka yi amfani da su don isa ga waɗannan ƙididdiga masu ƙima game da fa'ida, bambance-bambancen, wani lokacin raucous, kuma sau da yawa haskaka duniyar sauti ta kan layi ba ta da kyau.
Amma duk da haka yana da muni mai kisa.
Rushewar goyon bayan 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki a tsakanin 'yan bogi na Yammacin Turai shine ginshiƙin sauran matsaloli da yawa, tun daga magunguna zuwa yaƙi. Ba daidai ba shine yanayin yanayin duniya. Buɗaɗɗen kimiyya da muhawara mai ƙarfi su ne kayan aikin da muke turawa don rage kuskure cikin lokaci. Shawarar ɗaiɗaikun ɗaya da na gamayya ya dogara da su.
Sake bugawa daga marubucin Mayarwa
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Bret Swanson ɗan'uwa ne na Cibiyar Brownstone kuma shugaban kamfanin bincike na fasaha Entropy Economics LLC, babban ɗan'uwa a Cibiyar Kasuwancin Amurka, kuma ya rubuta Infonomena Substack.
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