A wannan shekara, Cibiyar Brownstone ta ba da kyautar ta don gagarumin nasara ga mutane uku na musamman waɗanda suka kasance ƙwararrun bayin al'umma da gaskiya a lokacin babban tashin hankali.
Thomas S. Harrington
Thomas S. Harrington, wani fitaccen masanin al'adu da tarihi na Hispanic, ya sadaukar da aikinsa don warware rikitattun zaren ainihi, kishin kasa, da hargitsin siyasa a yankin Iberian Peninsula. An haife shi kuma ya girma a Amurka, sha'awar Harrington da yanayin al'adu iri-iri na Spain ya jawo shi a cikin Tekun Atlantika a farkon tafiyarsa ta ilimi. Ya nutsar da kansa a cikin duniyoyin Madrid, Lisbon, da Santiago de Compostela, yana haɓaka ƙwarewarsa ta hanyar ƙwarewar rayuwa kamar yadda ake yin karatu na yau da kullun. Wannan tsarin da aka yi na hannu ya ƙare a cikin manyan lambobin yabo na Fulbright Senior Research Scholar Awards-daya a Barcelona, Spain, wani a Montevideo, Uruguay, da kuma ɗaya a Sardinia, Italiya-inda ya zurfafa cikin harshen Catalonia, tarihi, da raƙuman ruwa na kishin ƙasa waɗanda suka daɗe suna bayyana ruhin yankin.
Sama da shekaru ashirin, Harrington ya yi aiki a matsayin Farfesa na Nazarin Hispanic a Sashen Nazarin Harshe da Al'adu a Kwalejin Trinity da ke Hartford, Connecticut. A can, ya ja hankalin ɗalibai da kwasa-kwasan kan tarihin al'adun Mutanen Espanya na ƙarni na 20 da 21, wallafe-wallafe, da fina-finai, yana ƙarfafa su su tambayi manyan labaran da kuma bincika alchemy na ainihi na gamayya. Fitowarsa na ilimi yana nuna wannan sha'awar: littafinsa mai yabo Masu Hankali na Jama'a da Ginin Ƙasa a cikin Iberian Peninsula, 1900-1925: Alchemy na Identity (Bucknell University Press) yayi nazarin yadda masu tunani da marubuta suka kirkiri wayewar kasa ta zamani a cikin rugujewar daular.
Harrington's isa ga hankali ya kara gaba. ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararren jama'a, yana ba da ƙwaƙƙwaran muryarsa ga kantuna kamar Mafarki na Farko, rarraba manufofin ketare na Amurka, gurɓacewar kafofin watsa labaru, da layukan al'adu na al'amuran duniya tare da bayyananniyar hange nasa na transatlantic.
Haɗin gwiwar Harrington tare da rikice-rikice na zamani ya kai ga ƙarshe yayin bala'in cutar ta Covid-19, lokacin da ya fallasa abin da ya gani a matsayin babban cin amana ta "aji mai daraja" -wadanda kwararrun da aka ba wa al'umma amana. A cikin littafinsa na 2023 Cin amanar Kwararru: Covid and the Credentialed Class (Cibiyar Brownstone), Harrington ta ba da tarihin wannan zamanin tare da haɗakar tsattsauran ra'ayi da ɓacin rai.
Yin la'akari da gargaɗin da Eisenhower ya yi game da rukunin masana'antu na soja-masana'antu, ya bayar da hujjar cewa sabon ƙwararrun masana kimiyya, masu tsara manufofi, da masu tsaron ƙofofin watsa labarai - sun yi watsi da aikinsu, suna ba da fifiko ga iko da daidaituwa akan shaida da ɗan adam. Aikin, yana jujjuya tunani da zafi, ba zargi kawai ba ne amma kira ne don dawo da magana mai ma'ana a cikin ƙera tsoro. Ta wannan duka, Harrington ya kasance mai ginin gada: ƙwararren ɗan Kataloniya wanda ke sukar hubris na Amurka, masanin tarihi wanda ya yi gargaɗi game da inuwar gobe, kuma malami wanda ya yi imanin cewa ƙwarewar gaskiya ta ta'allaka ne ga hukuma mai tambaya, ba ta makauniyar hidima ba. A yau, yayin da muhawara game da dogara ga cibiyoyi ke ci gaba da ci gaba, Harrington ya ci gaba da rubutawa, koyarwa, da tsokana a matsayin Babban Fellow na Cibiyar Brownstone.
Bret Weinstein
Bret Weinstein, masanin halittun juyin halitta ya juya mai neman gaskiya mai ja da baya da kuma Brownstone Fellow, ya ƙunshi ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙwaƙƙwaran ilimi da rashin son sani wanda ke motsa shi ya ƙalubalanci shanu masu tsarki na kimiyyar zamani da al'umma. An haife shi a ranar 21 ga Fabrairu, 1969, a Los Angeles ga dangin masu yawo da hankali-mahaifinsa masanin lissafi, mahaifiyarsa mai fasaha—Weinstein ya girma a Kudancin California, ya sami digiri na farko a fannin ilmin halitta kafin ya shiga Jami'ar Michigan don samun digiri na uku a fannin ilimin halitta. A can, a karkashin jagorancin fitattun masu haske kamar Richard Alexander, ya daukaka tsarin da ke kallon juyin halitta ba a matsayin tafiya makaho ba amma a matsayin raye-raye mai ban sha'awa na zane-zane na zane-zane, inda kowane nau'i na daidaitawa yana biyan kuɗi na boye. Rubutun nasa, zurfafa zurfafa cikin ginshiƙan juyin halitta na zamantakewar ɗan adam, ya misalta madaidaicin ruwan tabarau wanda zai yi amfani da shi a kan aƙidar hukuma.
Shekaru goma sha biyar, daga 2002 zuwa 2017, Weinstein ya kawo wannan kayan aikin juyin halitta zuwa Kwalejin Jiha ta Evergreen da ke Olympia, Washington, wani ci gaba mai ci gaba inda binciken tsaka-tsaki ya bunƙasa. Ya koyar da darussa kan ilmin halitta, falsafa, da kuma sukar al'adu. Amma Evergreen ya barke a cikin 2017, lokacin da Weinstein ya zama sandar walƙiya a cikin guguwa kan daidaiton launin fata. Da yake adawa da taron "Ranar Rasa" wanda ya juyar da tsarinsa na gargajiya ta hanyar tambayar dalibai fararen fata da malamai su bar harabar, ya rubuta wani ma'auni na imel yana nuna tursasa magana a matsayin saba wa ruhun adalci. Abin da ya biyo baya shi ne tashin hankali: zanga-zanga, barazana, da kuma harabar harabar da ta sa Weinstein da matarsa, masanin ilimin halitta Heather Heying, cikin tabo ta kasa. Wannan bala'in ya nuna gudun hijirar Weinstein daga ma'ajin ilimi.
Daga toka tashi Podcast na DarkHorse, wanda aka ƙaddamar a watan Yuni 2019 akan YouTube kuma cikin sauri yana haɓakawa zuwa haske ga marasa hankali. An shirya shi tare da Heying, wanda ya sadu da shi a matsayin abokin karatun digiri kuma ya yi aure a 1993, wasan kwaikwayon ya shafi "ruwan tabarau na juyin halitta" don rarraba zaren rayuwa na zamani. Tare da abubuwa sama da 400 nan da 2025, DarkDoki yana zana miliyoyin, yana nuna baƙi kamar Robert Malone, Douglas Murray, da Glenn Loury a cikin tattaunawar marathon waɗanda ke ba da fifiko akan sautin sauti. Salon Weinstein—wanda aka auna, da busasshiyar hikima, da rashin ɓatanci—yana canza kimiya mai yawa zuwa labari na gaggawa, kamar yadda yake a cikin sassan “Lens Juyin Juyin Halitta” na mako-mako inda shi da Heying suka kwashe kanun labarai. Ka'idar podcast shine kimiyyar dimokuradiyya: kayan aiki ga kowa da kowa, ba wai kawai ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙofofin da suka taɓa kulle shi ba.
Muryar Weinstein ta yi fice a cikin ƙasa yayin bala'in Covid-19. Mai shakku game da kulle-kulle da allurar rigakafin mRNA daga farko, ya haskaka ivermectin a matsayin prophylactic na gefe, masu ba da shawara kamar Pierre Kory da kuma yin watsi da abin da ya gani a matsayin babban Pharma na bakin magana. An nuna shi akan YouTube don waɗannan ra'ayoyin, shi da Heying sun yi ƙaura zuwa wasu dandamali. Da yake ba da shaida a gaban Kwamitin Sa ido na Majalisar Dokokin Amurka a cikin 2018 kan 'yancin magana a harabar, kuma daga baya daidaita muhawara tsakanin Sam Harris da Jordan Peterson, Weinstein ya sanya kansa a matsayin gada tsakanin ilimin halittar hauren giwa da shakku a matakin titi. Haɗin gwiwar wallafe-wallafensa tare da Heying, Jagoran Mafarauta zuwa Karni na 21st (Portfolio, 2021), ya karkatar da wannan ra'ayi na duniya zuwa cikin ma'anar: taswirar hanya don kewaya rashin daidaituwa na zamani, daga jarabar wayar hannu zuwa yanayin jinsi, yana kira ga masu karatu su dawo da hukuma ta hanyar hikimar kakanni.
Jay Bhattacharya
Jay Bhattacharya, masanin tattalin arziki na Stanford wanda ka'idarsa ta adawa da cutar ta barke shi daga masu sukar ilimi har zuwa shugabancin babban gidan ilimin halittu na Amurka, yanzu yana jagorantar Cibiyoyin Kiwon Lafiya na Kasa (NIH) ta zamanin hisabi da sabuntawa. An haife shi a 1968 a Kolkata, Indiya, ya halarci Jami'ar Stanford, inda ya sami digiri na farko a fannin tattalin arziki a 1990, sannan ya yi MD da PhD a fannin tattalin arziki a shekara ta 2000.
Fiye da shekaru ashirin, Bhattacharya ya kafa Stanford a matsayin Farfesa na Manufofin Lafiya, ma'aikacin ma'aikaci a Sashen Kula da Magunguna na makarantar likita. Sakamakon karatunsa, wanda ya ƙunshi wallafe-wallafen 150 da aka yi bita, ya binciki sharar labyrinthine na Medicare zuwa tattalin arziƙin bala'in annoba na opioid, daga ɓoyayyun nauyin jama'a na tsufa zuwa rashin adalcin da aka gasa cikin kula da kansa. Wanda ya daɗe yana ba da gudummawar NIH kuma mai bita, ya yi nasara ga masu rauni-tsofaffi a cikin gidajen kulawa, waɗanda ba a yi musu hidima a asibitocin ƙauye-ya yi gargaɗin cewa makauniyar bangaskiya ga “tushen shaida” yakan haifar da lahani.
Maelstrom na 2020 ne ya ƙirƙira Bhattacharya zuwa ga alama ta ƙasa. Kamar yadda tsoro ya mamaye duniya kuma kulle-kullen rufe al'ummomin, ya hada hannu da rubuta Babban Sanarwa na Barrington a ranar 4 ga Oktoba, 2020, tare da Sunetra Gupta da Martin Kulldorff. Bayanin ya ba da shawarar "kariya mai da hankali" ga tsofaffi masu haɗari yayin da yake 'yantar da matasa da lafiya don gina garkuwar garken garken garken - dabarun da aka samo asali a cikin bayanan da ke nuna adadin asymmetrical na Covid.
Kusan mutane miliyan ɗaya ne suka sanya hannu, gami da masana kimiyya sama da 15,000 da likitocin 45,000, ya kunna wuta. Titans na kiwon lafiyar jama'a, daga NIH's Francis Collins zuwa WHO, sun shafe shi a matsayin "mai hatsari" da "gefe," suna fitar da rafuffukan ad hominem. Bhattacharya ya kasance mai ƙwarin gwiwa amma har yanzu ya ba da shaida a gaban Majalisa, an watsa shi akan kwasfan fayiloli daga Joe Rogan zuwa na Bret Weinstein. DarkDoki, da kuma rarraba hanyar saner ta Sweden. Lokacin da Fayilolin Twitter suka fallasa yadda Fadar White House ta yi watsi da shi na dijital - gami da tweet mara lahani kan cutar da yara daga rufe makarantu - ya shiga. Missouri da Biden, wanda ya ƙare a cikin 2024 Kotun Koli ta tsauta wa gwamnati ta cece-kuce, yana mai tabbatar da tsarkin maganganun kimiyya.
Shugaban Amurka Donald Trump ya nada shi a ranar 26 ga Nuwamba, 2024, a matsayin Darakta na 18 na NIH, an tabbatar da shi a ranar 25 ga Maris, 2025. Ya dauki rigar ne a ranar 1 ga Afrilu, tare da ba da umarnin sake daidaitawa da Hukumar Make America Healthy Again a karkashin Sakataren HHS Robert F. Kennedy, Jr.
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Labarai daga Cibiyar Brownstone, ƙungiyar sa-kai da aka kafa a watan Mayu na 2021 don tallafawa al'umma da ke rage rawar tashin hankali a rayuwar jama'a.
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