Dukan abubuwa da gaske munanan suna farawa ne daga rashin laifi.
- Ernest Hemingway, Idin Motsawa
Yana ɗaukar daƙiƙa ɗaya don ɗigon ruwan sama ya faɗi ƙafa 32 da daƙiƙa 3-6 don ɗaukar numfashi. An haifi 'yata a cikin duniya a cikin ɗan lokaci kuma bidiyon bidiyo na hoto wanda ya kafa rayuwata a kan sabuwar hanya ya kasance tsawon mintuna 4:53. Rayuwarmu ta ƙunshi lokuta, wasu mafi ma'ana, ko aƙalla mafi abin tunawa, fiye da wasu. Wasu suna zamewa cikin mantuwa da zarar sun faru yayin da wasu ke ƙayyadad da wanzuwar mu, suna sake fasalin rayuwarmu ko canza rayuwarmu.
A ranar 11 ga Maris, 2020 komai ya canza. Mummunan cutar nan gaba wacce ta zama gaskiyar mu ta canza rayuwarmu a cikin abin da muke ji kamar ɗan lokaci. Mota ta'aziyya cike da datti abin rufe fuska, cikin gari ba kowa a tsakiyar rana. Covid-19 ya jefa mu cikin duhun duhu na kimiyyar da babu shakka, wasan wasan likitocin zamaninmu, da fahimtar layin wasan kwaikwayo na Sartre: "Jahannama wasu mutane ne."
A wannan lokacin, an rasa wani abu mai haske da mara laifi. Covid-19 ya zama abin hasashe na al'adu kamar 9/11, ko kisan gillar John F. Kennedy ko Martin Luther King, yana canza mu kusan nan take. Mun ga abubuwa game da duniya da ba za mu taɓa gani ba. Mafarkin 'yancin kai ya mutu ko, mafi muni, watakila bai taɓa rayuwa ba.
Amma ba kamar harsashin da ke kashe wanda abin ya shafa ba, Covid a hankali ya kashe hanyar rayuwar mu. A cikin ɗan lokaci mun tashi daga jin kwanciyar hankali zuwa rashin aminci, gafala zuwa shakku, kuma mun kasa tserewa tambayar da ke kan gaba, “Me ke gaba?” Mun fuskanci abin da ƙwararriyar ɗabi'a Susan Brison ta kira "ƙaddamar da kai," rushewar abin da muke tunawa da wanda muke, da kuma rabuwar da ta gabata da ta yanzu. Mun zama ƙabilar barbariyawa kamar dare ɗaya ne, amma ƙabila da ƙyar ta iya sanin ko mu ko kuma abin da muke yi yana nufin wani abu.
Ta yaya abubuwa suka canja sosai a cikin lokaci guda? Shin da gaske ne ba mu da laifi a da, kuma, idan haka ne, me muka yi hasarar (kuma muka samu) wajen rasa rashin laifi?
Black Swan, White Swan
Ko da yake yana iya jin haka, Covid bai yi ba, duk da kansa, ya mai da al'umma mai sassaucin ra'ayi a baya zuwa wata al'ada ta bin doka; kawai ya fallasa yaƙin da ya daɗe yana yaƙi da 'yancin kai. Kamar yadda wata marubuciya mai suna Sue Dunham ta rubuta, "Tun daga ranar 9/11, duk wata barazanar da za ta gangaro kan tsarin labarai na yau da kullun, kamar ta ruguza mu a kan yarjejeniya iri ɗaya, cewa wani sabon abu na 'yancinmu yana cutar da duniya - kuma mun kasance masu son kai don riƙe ta." Lokaci ya kasance yana fitar da mu sannu a hankali daga ra'ayin cewa haƙƙinmu na kanmu, gami da haƙƙinmu na zama, da kuma gani, a matsayin ɗaiɗaikun mutane, ba za a iya tauye su ba.
Idan muna so mu fahimci yadda rashin laifinmu ya rushe, to muna bukatar mu fara fahimtar yadda muka sami kwanciyar hankali da aminci da farko.
Ƙarƙashin rashin laifi shi ne cewa yana haifar da wani abu, yana kare mu daga bayanan da za mu fi dacewa da samunsa. Ɗaya daga cikin dalilan 'binciken gaskiya' ya zama sananne sosai, ina tsammanin, shine ya haifar da rarraba ta yau da kullun, ko lanƙwan kararrawa, na bayanan da muke karɓa daga duniya. Yana ɗora wani tsari akan duniyar da ba ta da kyau, yana ba mu damar share ɓangarorin rayuwa masu sarƙaƙiya domin mu ci gaba da rashin cikawa. Ko, aƙalla, yana halatta yin watsi da ɓarnar duniya. Amma wannan jahilci yana ba mu damar shiga cikin abubuwan da ba mu zato ba. Kuma, lokacin da waɗannan abubuwan suka faru, muna fassara su azaman abubuwan da ba su da kyau, bala'i (idan sun kasance marasa kyau), ko ma abubuwan swan baƙi (idan sun kasance matsananci).
'Black Swan' kalma ce da masanin kididdiga kuma manazarcin hadarin Nicholas Taleb ya tsara don bayyana wani babban tasiri wanda ake ganin ba zai yuwu ba amma yana da sakamako mai yawa. Ko da yake 'black swans' suna jin rashin tabbas a lokacin, idan aka yi la'akari da su sau da yawa ana kwatanta su kamar yadda ba za a iya kaucewa ba. Baƙar fata na iya zama mara kyau (misali 9/11 ko Baƙar Litinin 1987), tabbatacce (faɗuwar bangon Berlin) ko tsaka tsaki (misali haɓakar intanet).
Covid-19 an kira shi taron swan baki na zamaninmu. The Guardian ta Larry Elliott, alal misali, mai taken labarin Janairu 2021 'Baƙin swan' Covid bala'i ya nuna mana yadda duniyarmu take da rauni.' Kuma a hankali haka. Covid ya yi tasiri sosai a kowane fanni na rayuwa. Ya rufe gwamnatoci da tattalin arziƙi, ya canza aikin ƙwararru kuma, kusan dare ɗaya, ya mai da mu mu zama al'umma mai rugujewar rugujewar rayuka masu dogaro da alkiblar gwamnati har muka sadaukar da kanmu da waɗanda muke ƙauna don samun jituwa da juna.
Amma duk ba daidai ba ne kamar yadda ake gani. Taleb ya fada wa gidan talabijin na Bloomberg a cikin Maris 2020 cewa Covid a zahiri 'farin swan' ne idan har akwai. Wani 'baƙar fata,' ya tunatar da mai tambayoyin, "wani abu ne da ba kasafai ba, bala'i," ba "wani abu na kowane mummunan abu da ke ba mu mamaki ba." Taleb ya ba da labarin wata takarda a cikin Janairu 2020 wanda a ciki ya yi iƙirarin cewa dalilai da yawa sun sa yaduwar Covid ya zama abin tsinkaya: haɓaka haɗin gwiwar duniya, masu jigilar asymptomatic, da kuma martanin lafiyar jama'a. Ga mai nazarin haɗari, cewa pathogen ya kamata ya karkata daga sarrafawa ba abin mamaki bane.
Ko Covid ya kasance gaskiya baƙar fata taron swan ba shine abin mayar da hankalina a nan ba. Biology a gefe, Ina sha'awar Taleb ya fi gabaɗayan ilimin ilmin ɗabi'a cewa abin da ke kama mu ba zai yi haka ba idan muna da hangen nesa na duniya. Ina sha'awar abin da muka sani (kuma ba mu sani ba) shiga cikin 2020, inda abin da muka fi mayar da hankali ya kasance kuma ba haka yake ba, da kuma yadda wannan ya haifar da kwarewar da aka kama.
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Dokta Julie Ponesse, 2023 Brownstone Fellow, farfesa ce a fannin ɗabi'a wadda ta koyar a Kwalejin Jami'ar Huron ta Ontario na tsawon shekaru 20. An ba ta hutu kuma an hana ta shiga harabarta saboda umarnin rigakafin. Ta gabatar da shi a jerin Faith and Democracy a ranar 22, 2021. Dr. Ponesse yanzu ya ɗauki sabon matsayi tare da Asusun Demokraɗiyya, wata ƙungiyar agaji ta Kanada mai rijista da nufin haɓaka 'yancin ɗan adam, inda take aiki a matsayin ƙwararren masaniyar ɗabi'a.
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