Daya ce daga cikin hirar da ba ka taba mantawa da ita ba. Muna tattaunawa - na kowane abu - alluran Covid, kuma ina tambayar farkon da'awar 'aminci da inganci' da masana'antar harhada magunguna ta gabatar. Na ji shakku kan yadda da sauri muka isa wurin da ake ganin an yarda da juna duk da rashin bayanan aminci na dogon lokaci. Ban amince da masana'antar harhada magunguna ba. Abokin aikina bai yarda ba, kuma na ji idanuna sun lumshe yayin da ya ce, “Ba na jin za su yi wani abu na rashin hankali.” A bayyane yake, abokin aikina bai karanta littattafan tarihin likita ba. Wannan zance ya buge ni a cikin jahilci na cewa rap ɗin Big Pharma sananne ne a cikin wannan sana'a. Ba haka ba.
Bisa la’akari da haka, bari mu yi la’akari da tarihin yadda ’yan wasa a masana’antar harhada magunguna ke yi ba bisa ka’ida ba da yaudara; masana'antar da ke da iko da tasiri fiye da yadda muke ba su daraja.
Kafin in ci gaba, kalma ɗaya (ba daga mai ɗaukar nauyin mu ba). Akwai mutane da yawa da ke aiki a cikin wannan masana'antar waɗanda ke da kyakkyawar niyya don inganta kiwon lafiya ga marasa lafiya, suna sadaukar da rayuwarsu don neman magani ko maganin cututtuka. Wasu magungunan warkewa suna ceton rai da gaske. Wataƙila ba zan kasance a nan ba a yau idan ba don wasu magunguna na ceton rai ba (wato labari ne na wani lokaci). Amma dole ne mu fito fili a fahimtarmu. Masana'antar harhada magunguna, gabaɗaya kuma ta yanayinta, tana da rikici kuma babbar dala ce ke tafiyar da ita, maimakon son zuciya.
Akwai 'yan wasa da yawa da wasanni daban-daban da masana'antar ke bugawa. Muna watsi da waɗannan a cikin haɗarinmu. Takardun rap na ayyukan da ba bisa ka'ida ba yana da ban tsoro. Da alama kusan wata guda ke wucewa ba tare da wasu kamfanonin harhada magunguna a kotu ba, wani wuri. Hukunce-hukuncen laifuka na kowa ne kuma ana ci tarar biliyoyin. Laifukan farar hula, tare da matsugunan su na dala miliyan, suna da yawa kuma.
Labari da aka yi bita na 2020 da aka buga a cikin Journal of Amirka Medical Association ya bayyana girman matsalar. Kungiyar ta yi nazari a kan nau’in haramtattun ayyuka da kuma hukuncin kudi da aka sanya wa kamfanonin harhada magunguna a tsakanin shekarun 2003 zuwa 2016. Daga cikin kamfanonin da aka yi nazari kan su, kashi 85 cikin 22 (26 na 33) sun samu hukuncin kisa kan ayyukan da suka sabawa doka da jimillar dala biliyan XNUMX. The haramtattun ayyukan sun haɗa da masana'anta da rarraba miyagun ƙwayoyi, tallan yaudara, gazawar bayyana munanan bayanai game da samfur (watau manyan illolin da suka haɗa da mutuwa), cin hanci ga jami'an ƙasashen waje, da ɓarna jinkirta shiga kasuwa na masu fafatawa, farashin farashi da cin zarafi, da koma baya.
Lokacin da aka bayyana a matsayin kashi na kudaden shiga, mafi girma fanariti An ba da kyauta ga Schering-Plough, GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Allergan, da Wyeth. GSK (kusan dala biliyan 10), Pfizer ($ 2.9 biliyan), Johnson & Johnson ($ 2.6 biliyan), da sauran sanannun sunayen da suka hada da AstraZeneca, Novartis, Merck, Eli Lilly, Schering-Plough, Sanofi Aventis, da Wyeth. Jeri ne sosai, kuma da yawa daga cikin 'yan wasan Big Pharma suna maimaita masu laifi.
Hukuncin wadannan kamfanoni ba karamin aiki ba ne. Yawancin lokuta lokuta suna jan shekaru, yana mai da hanyar yin adalci da ƙuduri ga kowa sai dai masu samun kuɗi, dagewa, da tsayin daka. Idan an ci nasara, amsar da pharma ta saba yi ita ce daukaka kara zuwa babbar kotu sannan a sake fara aiwatar da aikin. Abu daya a bayyane yake; kai wadannan kattai zuwa kotu na bukatar jijiyoyi na karfe, da niyyar mika wuya na tsawon shekaru ga aikin, da kuma aljihuna masu zurfi.
Ga kowane hukunci, akwai ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙasƙanci, kamfanin ya yarda ya biya, amma ba tare da shigar da laifi ba. Babban misali shi ne sulhun S35 miliyan da aka yi, bayan shekaru 15 na yin amfani da doka, ta Pfizer a cikin shari'ar Najeriya wanda ya yi zargin cewa kamfanin ya yi gwaji kan yara 200 ba tare da sanin iyayensu ko amincewar iyayensu ba.
Karanta ta cikin rahotannin shari'ar, tsarin halayen yana tunawa da fim din Groundhog Day tare da wasanni iri daya da kamfanoni daban-daban suke yi kamar suna bin wani nau'in littafin wasan kwaikwayo da ba a rubuta ba.
Lokaci-lokaci akwai wani shari'ar da ke ɗaga murfin waɗannan dabarun littafin wasan kwaikwayo, yana bayyana tasirin masana'antar harhada magunguna da tsayin da suke son zuwa, don samun riba. Shari'ar Kotun Tarayya ta Australiya Peterson da Merck Sharpe da Dohme, wanda ya haɗa da mai yin maganin Vioxx, misali ne cikakke.
Ta hanyar asali, an yi zargin Vioxx (maganin rigakafin cututtukan arthritis Rofecoxib) ya haifar da ƙarin haɗarin yanayin cututtukan zuciya ciki har da bugun zuciya da bugun jini. An ƙaddamar da shi a cikin 1999 kuma, a mafi girman shahararsa, mutane kusan miliyan 80 ne suka yi amfani da shi a duk duniya, waɗanda aka sayar da su a matsayin madadin mafi aminci ga magungunan rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta na gargajiya tare da illolinsu na gastrointestinal.
In Peterson da Merck Sharpe da Dohme, mai neman - Graeme Robert Peterson - ya yi zargin cewa maganin ya haifar da bugun zuciya da ya yi fama da shi a 2003, wanda ya bar shi rashin iya aiki sosai. Peterson ya bayar da hujjar cewa kamfanonin Merck sun yi sakaci da rashin janye maganin daga kasuwa a baya fiye da yadda suka yi a cikin 2004 kuma, ta hanyar ba da gargadi game da haɗari da yin wakilcin talla ga likitoci, sun kasance da laifin yaudara da yaudara a ƙarƙashin Dokar Ayyukan Kasuwancin Commonwealth 1974.
In Nuwamba 2004 Dr David Graham, sannan Mataimakin Daraktan Kimiyya da Magunguna a Ofishin Tsaron Magunguna na FDA ya bayar shaida mai ƙarfi ga Majalisar Dattijan Amurka game da Vioxx. A cewar Graham, kafin amincewa da maganin, wani binciken da Merck ya bayar ya nuna karuwar ciwon zuciya sau bakwai. Duk da haka, an amince da miyagun ƙwayoyi ta hanyar hukumomin gudanarwa, gami da FDA da TGA.
Wannan binciken daga baya ya goyi bayan wani binciken da Merck ya tallafawa, VIGOR - wanda ya nuna karuwar sau biyar, sakamakon da aka buga a cikin babban tasiri. New England Journal of Medicine. Daga baya aka bayyana ta hanyar sammaci yayin shari’ar cewa ba a haɗa bugun zuciya guda uku a cikin ainihin bayanan da aka gabatar wa mujallar ba, gaskiyar cewa aƙalla mawallafin biyu sun sani a lokacin. Wannan ya haifar da 'ɓatar da ƙarshe' game da hadarin bugun zuciya da ke hade da miyagun ƙwayoyi.
A lokacin Peterson da Merck Sharpe da Dohme, aikin aji mai alaƙa 1,660 mutane, an ji shi a Ostiraliya a cikin 2009, iyayen kasa da kasa na MSD, Merck, sun riga sun biya $ 4.83 biliyan don daidaita dubban ƙararraki a cikin Amurka game da mummunan tasirin Vioxx. A zahiri, Merck bai amsa laifinsa ba. Yaƙin shari'a na Australiya ya kasance dogon lokaci, al'amari mai ban sha'awa, yana ɗaukar shekaru da yawa tare da jujjuyawar juzu'i fiye da tiyon lambun mai arha (zaka iya karantawa game da shi. nan da kuma nan).
A takaice dai, wani cikakken benci na Kotun Tarayya ya soke hukuncin watan Maris na 2010 na Kotun Tarayya da ke goyon bayan Peterson a watan Oktoba 2011. A cikin 2013, an cimma matsaya tare da mahalarta aikin aji wanda ya haifar da biyan kuɗi kawai $ 4,629.36 ga kowane mai da'awar. MSD da karimci sun yi watsi da da'awarsu na farashi na shari'a akan Peterson.
Wani abin lura a cikin wannan yaƙin shi ne babban kanun labarai shedar kotun da ke dalla-dalla game da muggan laifukan da ake zargin magunguna na sayar da maganin. Giant ɗin kantin ya tafi tsayin daka na samarwa jaridun da aka tallafa tare da mashahurin mawallafin kimiyya Elsevier, gami da littafin da ake kira Jaridar Australiya ta Kashi da Magungunan Hadin gwiwa. Wadannan 'jaridun' na karya an sanya su su zama kamar mujallolin kimiyya masu zaman kansu, amma sun ƙunshi labaran da aka danganta ga likitoci waɗanda ma'aikatan Merck suka rubuta fatalwa. Wasu likitocin da aka jera a matsayin mambobin kwamitin karramawa sun ce sun yi ba a san an jera su ba a cikin mujallar kuma ba a taɓa ba da wani labarin da za a sake dubawa ba.
Amma jira, akwai ƙarin.
The trove na imel na ciki da aka gabatar a cikin shaidu sun nuna mummunan matakin aiki. Ɗaya daga cikin imel ɗin da aka watsa a hedkwatar kamfanin harhada magunguna na Amurka ya ƙunshi a jerin 'matsalolin likitoci' cewa kamfanin ya nemi 'neutralize' ko 'rana.' Shawarwari don cimma waɗannan ƙarshen sun haɗa da biyan kuɗi don gabatarwa, bincike da ilimi, tallafin kuɗi na ayyuka masu zaman kansu, da 'shawarwari (s) masu ƙarfi don ɓata.' Irin wannan shine girman tsoratarwa, cewa wani farfesa ya rubuta wa shugaban Merck don kokawa game da yadda wasu masu bincikensa suka yi suka game da maganin. Kotun ta ji yadda Merck ya kasance 'a tsari yana wasa da illolin Vioxx' da kuma halinsu 'da gaske yana tasiri (d) akan 'yancin ilimi.'
Wannan zargin na tsari tsoratarwa ya kasance mai faɗi kamar yadda yake da tasiri. Sakamako? Merck ya samu sama da dala biliyan 2 a kowace shekara tallace-tallace kafin daga bisani a cire Vioxx daga kantin kantin magani a cikin 2004. A cikin shaidarsa, Dr Graham kiyasta cewa tsakanin 88,000 zuwa 139,000 fiye da lokuta na ciwon zuciya ko mutuwar zuciya kwatsam Vioxx ne ya haifar da ita a Amurka kadai kafin a janye shi.
Waɗannan tsarin tasiri, magudi, da dabaru sun yi aiki sosai lokacin da Covid ya zo. Ƙara zuwa wancan haɓakar 'gudun warp' na labari 'alurar rigakafi,' fitilun gwamnati, lamunin magunguna, da kwangiloli na sirri. Yanzu kuna da ranar biya na magunguna waɗanda ba mu taɓa ganin irin sa ba.
Bai kamata ya zo da mamaki ba, sanarwar kwanan nan cewa jihohi biyar na Amurka - Texas, Kansas, Mississippi, Louisiana, da Utah - suna tuhumar Pfizer a kotu don hana bayanai, da yaudara da yaudarar jama'a ta hanyar maganganun da aka yi wajen tallata allurar ta Covid-19. Cewa ana shigar da waɗannan kararraki a matsayin ƙarar farar hula a ƙarƙashin dokokin kariyar mabukaci mai yiwuwa ne kawai ƙarshen littafin wasan kwaikwayo na magunguna. Babu shakka tsarin ganowa zai ɗauki ƙarin darussa a gare mu duka.
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Dr Julie Sladden likita ce kuma marubuci mai zaman kansa tare da sha'awar nuna gaskiya a cikin kiwon lafiya. An buga op-ed nata a cikin The Spectator Australia da The Daily Declaration. A cikin 2022, an zabe ta a matsayin Kansila ta Karamar Hukuma ta Yamma Tamar a Tasmania.
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