Aluminum a cikin alluran rigakafi yana da illa

Yana da wuyar mamaki don samun amsar tambaya mai sauƙi kuma mai dacewa: Shin aluminum a cikin alluran rigakafi yana da illa? Bayan na yi nazarin mafi kyawun shaidar da muke da su, gwaje-gwajen da bazuwar, dalla-dalla, na kammala cewa amsar ita ce eh. 

Kamar gubar, aluminum ƙarfe ne mai matuƙar neurotoxic. Don haka za mu sa ran alluran rigakafin da ke ɗauke da adjuvants na aluminum don haifar da lahani na jijiya idan aluminum ya shiga tsarin juyayi a cikin adadin neurotoxic. 

Aluminum a cikin adjuvant yana da mahimmanci don samar da amsawar rigakafi mai ƙarfi a cikin maganin rigakafi marasa rai kuma tasirin su yana da alaƙa da gubarsu a wurin allurar.^1-3 Kwayoyin da ke da karfin garkuwar jiki sun mamaye barbashi na adjuvant na aluminum kuma suna rarraba nauyin su a cikin jiki, ciki har da kwakwalwa, inda aka kashe su, suna sakin abubuwan da ke ciki a cikin kwakwalwar kwakwalwa da ke kewaye da su inda za su iya haifar da amsa mai kumburi.

Madaidaicin tsarin aiki ba shi da mahimmanci, amma bayanan da muke da shi akan illolin sune, kuma an gurbata su cikin tsari. 

Bayanan Karya daga Hukumar Kula da Magunguna ta Turai (EMA)

A cikin Oktoba 2016, ƙungiyar bincike ta koka zuwa ga Ombudsman na Turai game da kuskuren EMA na binciken su game da mummunan lahani na ƙwayoyin cuta na HPV.⁴ A cikin martaninsa ga Ombudsman, Babban Darakta na EMA Guido Rasi ya bayyana cewa aluminium adjuvants ba su da lafiya; cewa an kafa amfani da su shekaru da yawa; da kuma cewa an bayyana abubuwan a cikin Pharmacopoeia na Turai.^5,6 

Rasi ya ba da ra'ayi cewa aluminium adjuvants a cikin maganin rigakafin HPV sun yi kama da waɗanda aka yi amfani da su tun 1926. Duk da haka, adjuvant a cikin Gardasil, rigakafin Merck, shine amorphous aluminum hydroxyphosphate sulfate, ‎AlHO₉PS^-3 (AAHS), wanda ke da wasu kaddarorin fiye da aluminum hydroxide, abin da Rasi ya ambata. Bugu da ƙari, ba a bayyana kaddarorin sa a cikin pharmacopoeia ba. AAHS yana da tsari na sirri; Kaddarorinsa suna canzawa daga tsari zuwa tsari har ma a cikin batches. Don haka illolin da adjuvant ke haifarwa na iya bambanta. Lokacin da muka bincika ko an taɓa gwada amincin AAHS idan aka kwatanta da wani abu marar aiki a cikin mutane, ba mu sami wata shaida ta wannan ba. 

Rasi ya ambata cewa EMA da sauran hukumomin kiwon lafiya sun yi aikin tantance shaidar amincin masu amfani da su tsawon shekaru da yawa, kamar Hukumar Kula da Abinci ta Turai, FDA, da WHO. 

Koyaya, babu ɗaya daga cikin nassoshi biyar da suka goyi bayan da'awarsa game da aminci. Hanyoyi uku, zuwa EMA, FDA, da WHO, duk sun mutu. Ɗaya ya yi aiki bayan shekaru biyu amma bai ƙunshi komai ba. Hanyar haɗi zuwa Hukumar Kula da Abinci ta Turai ta kasance game da amincin aluminum daga cin abinci, wanda ba shi da alaƙa da aluminium adjuvants a cikin maganin rigakafi. Aluminum na baka kadan ne ake tsotsewa daga hanji, kuma yawancin abin da ake sha ana kawar da shi ta hanyar koda. Hanya ta ƙarshe ita ce rahoton WHO wanda kuma ba shi da amfani.⁵ An ambaci cewa FDA ta lura cewa nauyin jikin aluminum yana bin alluran alluran rigakafin da ke ɗauke da aluminium bai taɓa wuce iyakokin tsaro na tsarin Amurka ba dangane da aluminium da aka shigar da baki, wanda ba shi da mahimmanci. 

Gwaje-gwajen da aka Rarraba Sun Rubuce Tattalin Arzikin Aluminum Adjuvants

A matsayina na ƙwararren mashaidi ga kamfanin shari'a na Los Angeles Wisner Baum, na karanta shafuka 112,000 na rahotannin binciken Merck na sirri.⁷ Idan Merck's aluminum adjuvant yana haifar da mummunar cutar da jijiya, mutum zai yi tsammanin ganin cutarwa da Gardasil 9 fiye da Gardasil quadrivalent saboda ya ƙunshi ƙarin antigens na HPV guda biyar da fiye da ninki biyu, daidai da 500 µg vs 225 μg aluminum.

Kuma wannan shine abin da muke gani. Gwaje-gwaje guda uku sun kwatanta Gardasil 9 da Gardasil, amma biyu daga cikinsu sun kasance ƙanana, kawai marasa lafiya 1,095 gabaɗaya, tare da manyan abubuwan haɗari guda 3, waɗanda ba za su iya ba da haske kan wannan batu ba. Duk da haka, gwaji na uku ya kasance babba, tare da jimlar mata 14,215.⁷ 

Merck ba ta son bayyana abin da suka samu. A cikin rahoton gwaji da aka buga, in New England Journal of Medicine,⁸ ba a ambaci munanan cutarwa ba. Amma a shafi na 27, kafin shafi na ƙarshe, a cikin ƙarin bayani akan gidan yanar gizon, wanda mutane kaɗan ba za su taɓa samun su karanta ba, an bayyana cewa an sami munanan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin matan da ke karɓar Gardasil 9 fiye da waɗanda ke karɓar Gardasil (3.3% vs 2.6%). Babu P-darajar, amma na ƙididdige P = 0.01 don wannan bambanci.

Akwai ƙarin abin da Merck bai buga ba a cikin NEJM, wanda na samo a cikin rahoton binciken asibiti na sirri na Merck. Kamar yadda aka zata, ƙarin marasa lafiya akan Gardasil 9 fiye da na Gardasil sun sami rashin lafiyar tsarin juyayi. Bugu da ƙari, babu P-darajar, amma na ƙididdige P = 0.01.

Don alluran, jin zafi ya kasance mafi yawan abin da ya faru mara kyau. Tebur a ciki NEJM ya nuna cewa 4.3% vs 2.6% yana da ciwo mai tsanani (P = 6 · 10^-8) da 36.8% vs 26.4% suna da matsakaici ko zafi mai tsanani (P = 10^-40). Hakanan akwai ƙarin lokuta na kumburi mai tsanani, 3.8% vs 1.5% (P = 9 · 10).^-18) da matsakaici ko kumburi mai tsanani, 6.8% vs 3.6% (P = 2 · 10)^-18). Duk da haka kuma, babu P-darajar, amma na lissafta su.

Babu komai a cikin NEJM labarin game da abubuwan da ba su dace ba. Merck ya kammala a cikin rahoton bincikensa na ciki cewa yawancin marasa lafiya sun fuskanci irin waɗannan abubuwan, "mafi yawansu sun kasance masu sauƙi ko matsakaici." Wannan kuskure ne sosai. Da yake ana iya jure wa ƙananan al'amura a cikin sauƙi bisa ga ma'anar kansa na Merck, ya kamata Merck ya mai da hankali kan abubuwan da ba su dace ba na matsakaici ko mai tsanani. Tebur ya nuna cewa 11.7% vs 10.8% na marasa lafiya suna da mummunan sakamako na tsarin tsarin (P = 0.08) da kuma cewa 39.3% vs 37.1% yana da matsakaici ko matsananciyar matsala mai tsanani (P = 0.007, lambar da ake bukata don cutar da ita kawai 45; lissafin na).

Ba lallai ba ne cewa ƙarin ƙarin antigens guda biyar ne ke da alhakin ƙara yawan guba na Gardasil 9. Yana da kusan mafi kusantar cewa shine mafi girman kashi na adjuvant na aluminum wanda ke da alhakin cutar. 

Na kuma yi nazarin amsa kashi-kashi na gwaje-gwajen inda na kwatanta matsakaicin bambanci, maganin alurar riga kafi da placebo, tare da bambancin tsaka-tsaki, maganin alurar riga kafi, kuma tare da ƙaramin bambanci, Gardasil 9 da Gardasil.⁷ Akwai bayyananniyar alaƙar amsa kashi ga duk abubuwan da ba su da kyau (P <0.00001), kuma akwai ɗan bambanci tsakanin ƙungiyoyi biyu da uku. Wannan yana nufin cewa aluminium adjuvant yana da irin wannan cutarwa kamar adjuvant da maganin alurar riga kafi.

Hakanan yana haskakawa don karanta karatun dabbobi na sirri na Merck.⁷ Merck ya yarda cewa adjuvant ɗin sa yana haifar da lahani amma ya yi jayayya cewa, tun da illolin sun yi kama da waɗanda aka yi ta hanyar allurar rigakafi mai yawa, wannan yana nufin suna da "ƙananan ma'anar guba." Wannan ƙaddamarwar ƙarya ce. 

Ko da mafi muni, tun da allurar rigakafin HPV da adjuvants suna da irin wannan bayanan cutarwa, masana'antun da masu kula da su sun kammala cewa alluran suna da lafiya. Wannan yana kama da cewa sigari da sigari dole ne su kasance lafiya saboda suna da bayanan cutarwa iri ɗaya.

Nazarin ɗan adam da dabba sun kuma nuna lahani ga sauran adjuvant, aluminum hydroxide, wanda ake amfani da shi a Cervarix, maganin HPV daga GlaxoSmithKline. A cikin babban gwaji na bazuwar a cikin mutane, rigakafin mura ya haifar da 34% ƙarin abubuwan da ba su da kyau yayin da suke ɗauke da adjuvant fiye da lokacin da ba su yi ba, haɗarin haɗari 1.34 (95% tazara tazara 1.23 zuwa 1.45, P <0.0001) da kuma ƙarin abubuwan da ba su da kyau, haɗarin haɗari 2.71 (1.40 zuwa 1.40 zuwa P). lissafi),⁹ ko da yake an rubuta waɗannan muggan abubuwan har zuwa kwanaki uku kawai bayan rigakafin. 

Merck, GlaxoSmithKline, da EMA da ake kira aluminium adjuvant placebo mai guba da kuma 'yan matan da aka dauka zuwa gwajin Merck an gaya musu cewa rabinsu za su sami placebo.⁷ Wannan zamba ne, kamar yadda ake bayyana zamba a matsayin ganganci na yaudara. Bisa ga ma’anar kansa na Merck, abin da ake kira aluminum adjuvant ba wuribo ba ne: “An yi placebo don zama kamar ainihin magani amma an yi shi da wani abu mara aiki, kamar sitaci ko sukari.”¹⁰  

Binciken Tsare-tsare namu na allurar HPV 

Ƙungiya ta bincike ta yi nazari akai-akai game da allurar rigakafin HPV gaba ɗaya bisa rahotannin binciken asibiti da muka samu daga EMA saboda sun fi dogara sosai fiye da abin da kamfanonin magunguna ke bugawa a cikin mujallolin likita.⁷ 

Dangane da duk rashin daidaituwa, kamar yadda ƙungiyoyin sarrafawa, ban da ƙananan karatun guda biyu, suna da masu kwatanta aiki, mun gano cewa maganin rigakafi na HPV ya karu da rashin lafiya mai tsanani: 72 vs 46 marasa lafiya, hadarin haɗari 1.49 (P = 0.04).¹¹ Mun kira shi binciken bincike, amma shine mafi mahimmanci saboda abubuwan da ake zargi da cutar da tsarin juyayi mai cin gashin kansa shine abin da ya sa EMA ta tantance amincin maganin rigakafi a cikin 2015.

Muhimman cututtuka guda biyu masu mahimmanci sune ciwon tachycardia na postural orthostatic tachycardia (POTS), wanda canji daga kwance zuwa tsaye yana haifar da karuwa mai yawa a cikin zuciya wanda zai iya kasancewa tare da kai-fiye, tunani mai matsala, hangen nesa, da rauni, da kuma Ciwon Ciwon Yanki (CRPS). Su ne cututtukan cututtukan da ba safai ba ne waɗanda ke da wahalar ganowa, kuma mun sani - wanda masu binciken gwaji na EMA suka tabbatar - cewa kamfanonin sun ɓoye abin da suka gano da gangan.⁷ Wannan kuma ya fito fili daga gaskiyar cewa ba a ambaci lamuran POTS ko CRPS a cikin rahoton binciken asibiti ba. 

Na rubuta a cikin rahoton gwanina ga kamfanin lauyoyi cewa Merck ya aikata rashin da'a a kimiyya ta hanyoyi da yawa, wanda ya haɗa da ƙin yin rajistar shari'ar POTS masu binciken sun yi ƙoƙarin ba da rahoto ga Merck yayin gwajin asibiti.⁷ 

Don tantance idan akwai alamun da alamun da suka dace da POTS ko CRPS a cikin bayanan, mun sake yin wani bincike na bincike inda muka tambayi likitan makafi tare da ƙwarewar asibiti a cikin POTS da CRPS don tantance sharuɗɗan da aka fi so na MedDRA (sharuɗɗan lambar da kamfanoni ke amfani da su don rarrabawa da bayar da rahoton abubuwan da suka faru). Mun gano cewa allurar rigakafin HPV sun ƙara haɓaka mummunan lahani tabbas da ke da alaƙa da POTS (P = 0.006) ko CRPS (P = 0.01).

Sabbin cututtukan farko da ke da alaƙa da POTS kuma an ƙara su (P = 0.03).

Kusan Duk Nazarce-nazarcen Dubawa Suna Batar Da Gaskiya

Mummunan illolin alluran rigakafi da sauran magunguna galibi ana yin watsi da su a cikin binciken kallo. Daga cikin ra'ayoyin da yawa a cikin irin waɗannan karatun, mafi mahimmanci shine rashin lafiyar maganin rigakafi, wanda babu adadin daidaitawar ƙididdiga da zai iya daidaitawa.^7,12 

A lokacin da aka gabatar da ni a Los Angeles, lauyan Merck ya yi magana game da kurakuran bincike a matsayin shaida cewa Gardasil ba ya haifar da mummunan lahani, gardamar da na ƙi.⁷ 

Lokacin da mafi kyawun shaidar da muke da ita, gwaje-gwajen da bazuwar, sun nuna a fili cewa magani ko wani abu yana da cutarwa, koyaushe akwai ɗimbin binciken binciken da ke da'awar cewa babu cutarwa. Ina kiran wannan dabarar UFO: Idan kun yi amfani da hoto mai ban mamaki don "tabbatar" kun ga UFO lokacin da hoton da aka ɗauka tare da ruwan tabarau mai ƙarfi ya nuna a sarari cewa abin jirgin sama ne,¹³ kai mayaudari ne. 

Wani sanannen misali shine ilimin tabin hankali, wanda ke cike da dabaru na UFO kuma zai iya rayuwa kawai a matsayin ƙwararrun likitanci saboda masu yinsa suna yin ƙarya a tsari game da abubuwan al'ajabi da magungunan su zasu iya cimma.¹⁴ Gwaje-gwajen da aka yi bazuwar sun nuna cewa magungunan kashe-kashe suna kara kashe kansu da kuma cewa magungunan kashe kwayoyin cuta suna kara yawan mace-mace, amma manyan masu tabin hankali da kungiyoyinsu sun ce akasin haka, suna nuni ga kurakuran binciken lura. Ina ganin wannan laifi ne ga bil'adama domin yana da kisa.¹⁵

A watan Yuli, an buga wani babban nazari na lura da alluran rigakafin da ke dauke da aluminium, wanda ya dauki hankulan kafafen yada labarai da dama, inda wasu kanun labarai suka bayyana cewa an sasanta muhawarar. Wani binciken Danish ne kuma mawallafinsa sun kammala cewa ba su sami shaidar da ke tallafawa ƙarin haɗari ga cututtuka na autoimmune, atopic ko rashin lafiyan, ko cututtuka na neurodevelopment da ke hade da ƙananan yara ga allurar rigakafin aluminum.¹⁶

Koyaya, binciken yana da rauni sosai, wanda sharhin 22 ya ɗora tare da takaddar labarin.¹⁶ Yaakov Ophir ya lura cewa 25 na 34 da aka daidaita ma'aunin haɗari sun nuna a m haɗari ga sakamako mara kyau tare da mafi girma bayyanar aluminum, da 13 daga cikin waɗannan ƙungiyoyin da ba zato ba tsammani sun kasance masu mahimmanci a ƙididdiga, ciki har da waɗanda ke fama da rashin lafiyar abinci, rashin lafiyar autism, da ADHD.

Ophir ya rubuta cewa ɗauka cewa aluminum ba wani fili na mu'ujiza ba ne wanda ke rage haɗarin yanayi da yawa da ba su da alaƙa, wannan tsari mai cike da rudani yana nuna ƙaƙƙarfan tsattsauran ra'ayi a cikin bayanan, wanda ba a magance shi sosai ba duk da daidaitawa ga masu rikice-rikice daban-daban: "Mafi kyawun bayani shine rashin lafiyar rigakafin rigakafi, bisa ga abin da iyalai da ke da mafi kyawun yanayin kiwon lafiya ko kuma mai ƙarfi ga kulawar rigakafi sun fi dacewa su bi jadawalin rigakafin.

Cikin bacin rai, Catherine Sarkisian ta tambayi ko ya kamata mu ba da shawarar ƙarin aluminum ga yara.

Masu binciken Danish sun guje wa gabatar da bayanan ga rukuninsu da ba a yi musu allurar ba, wanda suka dunkule tare da rukunin da ke da ƙarancin kamuwa da allurar. Wannan bai dace ba sosai lokacin da mutum yake son yin nazarin amsa kashi-kashi na fallasa aluminium. Christof Kuhbandner ya ƙididdige bayanan da suka ɓace kuma ya gano cewa, a cikin binciken da ba a daidaita ba, an sami raguwar raguwa a cikin hadarin cututtuka a tsakanin yara marasa lafiya tare da sakamako mai mahimmanci ga sakamakon rashin lafiyan da yawa da kuma autism: "Abin lura ne cewa waɗannan sakamakon - an ba da mahimmancin ƙididdiga masu mahimmanci - ba a ba da rahoto ba a cikin Andersson et al. nazarin ko kuma mayar da martani ga sharhi mai mahimmanci. "

Christine Stabell Benn da abokan aiki, waɗanda suke da alama sun sake nazarin binciken, sun nuna kurakurai da batutuwa tare da tushen bayanan marubuta. 

A cikin martanin da suka bayar, wanda Yaakov Ophir ya nuna ba su da tabbas, marubutan sun bugi daji kuma sun yi ƙoƙari su bayyana batutuwa masu mahimmanci, wanda ya kashe binciken su. 

Gurbatacciyar Rawar Kafafen Yada Labarai da Likitanci 

A cikin wani taron manema labarai a ranar 22 ga Satumba, Shugaban Amurka Donald Trump ya ba da sanarwar: "Ba mu son mercury a cikin maganin. Ba mu son aluminium a cikin maganin."¹⁷ Sakataren kiwon lafiya nasa, Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., ya riga ya bayyana cewa ya kamata a cire mercury daga alluran rigakafi, kamar yadda ake samun ingantattun alluran rigakafi ba tare da mercury ba. Don haka me yasa ba da izinin ƙarfe mai guba a cikin alluran rigakafi? 

Watanni biyu da suka gabata, Kennedy ya soki binciken Danish saboda dalilai iri ɗaya kamar yadda masu sharhi suka yi.¹⁸ Duk da haka, kafofin watsa labarai a koyaushe suna karkatar da muhawarar ta hanyar yin la'akari da ƙwararrun masana da ke da sabani kan cewa babu wani takaddun da ke nuna cewa mercury da aluminum a cikin alluran rigakafi suna da illa. Wannan kamar sanya keken doki ne. Kamata ya yi a nuna a cikin gwaje-gwaje bazuwar cewa ƙara karafa masu guba ga alluran rigakafi ba shi da lafiya, kafin masu kula da magunguna su amince da su, amma ba a taɓa yin hakan ba. 

Yaƙi ne mai tudu, mai tudu don inganta amincin alluran rigakafin a cikin irin wannan yanayi mara kyau inda kafofin watsa labarai ke da mahimmanci ga kowane irin wannan yunƙurin. An bayyana haramcin da ya sa wasu mutane sun kori saboda tambayar amincin allurar rigakafin Covid-19, ko kuma kawai don gabatar da tambayoyin da suka dace, misali game da hikimar yin rigakafin yara ko ba da shawarar ƙarfafawa da yawa, har ma ga waɗanda suka riga sun kamu da cutar kuma sun sami rigakafi mafi kyau fiye da allurar rigakafi.  

Don sanya shi a hankali, mujallun likitanci ma ba su da amfani. A cikin Satumba 2016, Karsten Juhl Jørgensen da ni mun gabatar da takarda zuwa ga BMJ game da kuskuren EMA na binciken su game da munanan illolin jijiya na allurar HPV. Wannan ya fara mana Odyssey mafi ban mamaki da ban mamaki wanda ya dau shekaru uku.⁷ BMJ ya shafi lauyoyinsu kuma sakonnin da muka samu daga editocin sun yi karo da juna. Mun yi ƙoƙari mu yi abin da ba zai yiwu ba kuma muka sake rubuta takardar mu sau huɗu amma abin ya ci tura. BMJ ya kashe mana takarda amma ba ni da kwarin guiwar gaya mani. Sai muka mika shi BMJ Magani na tushen Shaida inda aka karbe shi bayan ƙarin nazari da buga shi.⁴ Wannan ya kasance shekaru 4.5 bayan mun ƙaddamar da shi zuwa ga BMJ. 

Wannan abin takaici ne ga 'yancin fadin albarkacin baki a kimiyya. Sabanin haka, labarin kwanan nan na buga a cikin Jaridar Brownstone ya fito kwana biyu da sallama.¹⁹ 

karshe 

Aluminum adjuvants suna da guba kuma suna iya, a lokuta da ba kasafai ba, suna haifar da mummunan lahani kamar POTS da CRPS. Ya kamata a guji aluminum a cikin maganin rigakafi. 

References

1. Awate S, Babiuk LA, Mutwiri G. Hanyoyin aikin adjuvants. Immunol na gaba 2013; 4: 114.
2. Demasi M. Tattaunawa da 'Mr Aluminium.' Substack 2025; Satumba 30.
3. Shardlow E, Mold M, Exley C. Haɗin kai na tushen aluminium adjuvants tare da THP-1 macrophages a cikin vitro: abubuwan da ke haifar da rayuwa ta salula da jujjuyawar tsarin.. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 203: 110915. 
4. Gøtzsche PC, Jørgensen KJ. Rashin kuskuren EMA na bincike game da munanan illolin jijiya na allurar HPV. BMJ Evid Based Med 2022; 27: 7-10.
5. Gøtzsche PC, Jørgensen KJ, Jefferson T. Sharhinmu game da shawarar da Ombudsman na Turai ya yanke game da korafinmu game da rashin gudanar da mulki a Hukumar Kula da Magunguna ta Turai dangane da amincin rigakafin cutar ta HPV.. Deadlymedicines.dk 2017; Nuwamba 2. 
6. Gøtzsche PC. Alurar rigakafi: gaskiya, karya, da jayayya. New York: Skyhorse; 2021.
7. Gøtzsche PC. Yadda Merck da masu kula da magunguna suka ɓoye munanan lahani na rigakafin HPV. New York: Skyhorse; 2025.
8. Joura EA, Giuliano AR, Iversen OE, et al. A 9-valent rigakafin HPV daga kamuwa da cuta da intraepithelial neoplasia a cikin mata. N Engl J Med 2015; 372: 711-23.
9. Liang XF, Wang HQ, Wang JZ, et al. Tsaro da rigakafi na 2009 rigakafin cutar mura A H1N1 a cikin Sin: cibiyar da yawa, makafi biyu, bazuwar, gwajin sarrafa wuribo. Lancet 2010; 375: 56-66.
10. Farashin SS. Placebos. Merck 2022; Satumba
11. Jørgensen L, Gøtzsche PC, Jefferson T. Amfani da cutarwa na rigakafin cutar papillomavirus (HPV): nazari na yau da kullun tare da nazarin bayanan gwaji daga rahotannin binciken asibiti.. Syst Rev 2020; 9: 43.
12. Deeks JJ, Dinnes J, D'Amico R, et al. Kimanta karatun ba-yan-tsakani. Kima Technol 2003; 7: 1-173.
13. Sagan C. Duniyar aljanu: kimiyya a matsayin kyandir a cikin duhu. New York: Littattafan Ballantine; 1996.
14. Gøtzsche PC. Kwararren Likitan da Yake Rayuwa akan Qarya. Jaridar Brownstone 2025; 8 ga Satumba.
15. Gøtzsche PC. Shin ilimin hauka laifi ne ga bil'adama? Copenhagen: Cibiyar 'Yancin Kimiyya; 2024 (akwai kyauta).
16. Andersson NW, Bech Svalgaard I, Hoffmann SS, Hviid A. Aluminum-Adsorbed Vaccines and Chronic Dises in Childhood : Nazarin Ƙungiya na Ƙasashen Duniya. Ann Intern Med 2025; Yuli 15.
17. Shugaba Trump ya ba da sanarwa game da binciken likita da kimiyya ga yaran Amurka. YouTube 2025; Satumba 22. 
18. Kennedy RF, Jr. Kimiyyar da ba ta da kyau, ta sayi ƙarshe: Nazarin alurar rigakafin aluminum kafofin watsa labarai ba za su yi tambaya ba. Labaran TS 2025; 1 ga Agusta. 
19. Gøtzsche PC. Giant a Magunguna: Kyauta ga Drummond Rennie. Jaridar Brownstone 2025; Oktoba 2.

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An buga ƙarƙashin a Commonirƙirar Commonabi'a Mai Creativeayatarwa 4.0 Licenseasashen Duniya
Don sake bugawa, da fatan za a saita hanyar haɗin yanar gizo zuwa asali Cibiyar Brownstone Labari da Marubuci.