Sakataren Baitulmali Scott Bessent ya koka a makon da ya gabata cewa Bankin Duniya da Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya na fama da "hankalin manufa." Amma Bessent ya sanar da cewa Trump zai kasance "ninka sau biyuBessent ya ce, "Ba tare da ja da baya ba, 'America First' na neman fadada shugabancin Amurka a cibiyoyin kasa da kasa kamar IMF da Bankin Duniya," in ji Bessent.
Bessent ya koka da cewa IMF "tana sadaukar da lokaci da albarkatu marasa daidaituwa don yin aiki kan sauyin yanayi, jinsi, da batutuwan zamantakewa." Abin takaici, Bessent bai ce komai ba game da yadda IMF da Bankin Duniya suka bankado da yawa daga cikin mafi munin manufofin lalata na Covid.
Amma menene ya kamata gwamnatin Amurka ta yi tsammani lokacin da Majalisa da shuwagabannin da ba su da iyaka suka ba Bankin Duniya da IMF biliyoyin dalar Amurka haraji su yi wasa da su? Gwamnatin Amurka tana kan ƙugiya don $ 52 biliyan zuwa Bankin Duniya. Amurka tana da alƙawarin kuɗi na $ 183 biliyan ku IMF.
An ƙirƙiri IMF ne a cikin 1944 don tara kuɗi da kuma taimakawa al'ummomi masu matsalolin ma'auni na wucin gadi. A cikin shekarun da suka gabata tun bayan kafuwar IMF, kasuwannin babban birnin duniya da kuma canjin canjin kudi sun sanya IMF ta zama abin tarihi. Amma mutane da yawa sun sami wadata daga manyan IMF don ba da izinin rufe labulen a wannan cibiyar.
IMF ta baiwa gwamnatoci da dama da suka zabi rufe nasu tattalin arzikin ba tare da ma'ana ba bayan barkewar Covid-19. Manajan Daraktan IMF Kristalina Georgieva ta bayyana a cikin Afrilu 2021, "Yayin da ake ci gaba da murmurewa [daga Covid], kasashe da yawa suna komawa baya kuma rashin daidaiton tattalin arziki yana kara tabarbarewa. kowa harbin gaskiya- harbi a hannu don kawo karshen barkewar cutar a ko'ina, da harbi kan kyakkyawar makoma ga mutane da kasashe masu rauni."
"Harba mai kyau" na IMF ya ƙunshi jami'anta na kasa da kasa waɗanda ke ba da biliyoyin daloli a cikin "kuɗaɗen gaggawa" ga gwamnatoci 80, waɗanda galibinsu suka yi amfani da Covid don shimfida nasu ikon. IMF ta ba da agajin gaggawa ta hanyar Katastrophe Containment and Relief Trust (CCRT) ga gwamnatoci 29 da za su taimaka musu "yakar tasirin cutar ta COVID-19." Ambaliyar ruwan da IMF ta yi wa gwamnati ya taimaka wajen habaka hauhawar farashin kayayyaki a duniya a shekarun baya-bayan nan.
Shugaban Bankin Duniya Ajay Banga “ya nemi jaddada aniyar bankin kan samar da ayyukan yi...kuma zuwa ba da fifiko ga kamfanoni masu zaman kansu shiga cikin ayyuka a duniya," da New York Times ya ruwaito. Amma ra'ayin Bankin Duniya game da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu sau da yawa ya kasance ko dai zamba ne ko kuma hayaki na siyasa. A ƙarshen 1980s, Duniya Bankin ya yi la'akari da lamuni Ƙungiyoyin gurguzu a matsayin lamuni masu zaman kansu masu zaman kansu - bait-da-canzawa ɗaya da yawa, kamar yadda na yi bayani a cikin 1988 Wall Street Journal labarin. Kuma ba da izinin Banki ya wanke bayanansa ta hanyar kirga ayyukan yaudara da aka ƙirƙira shine girke-girke na zamba.
Kwayar cutar ta Covid ta ba Bankin Duniya damar yin wasa mai ceto. A cikin watannin farko na barkewar cutar, Bankin yana alfahari da sanar da cewa "ayyukansa na gaggawa don yakar COVID-19 (coronavirus) sun ya kai 100 masu tasowa kasashe – gida mai kashi 70% na al’ummar duniya.” Daga Afrilu 2020 zuwa Maris 2021, Bankin Duniya "ya sadaukar da sama da dala biliyan 200, wani matakin tallafin kudi wanda ba a taba ganin irinsa ba, ga abokan cinikin gwamnati da na kamfanoni don yakar tasirin cutar. Taimakon mu ya dace da lafiya, tattalin arziki, da tashin hankali na zamantakewa da kasashen ke fuskanta." Gaskiyar cewa Bankin Duniya yana ba da tallafin kuɗi ga gwamnatoci don girgiza al'ummominsu ba tare da ma'ana ba a cikin sanarwar manema labarai na biki.
IMF da Bankin Duniya sun taimaka wajen mayar da kasashen waje da dama cikin kleptocracy - gwamnatocin barayi. A 2002 Binciken Tattalin Arzikin Amurka analysis ya kammala da cewa "ƙarin taimakon [kasashen waje] yana da alaƙa da haɓakar cin hanci da rashawa na zamani," kuma "almundahana yana da alaƙa da taimakon da ake samu daga Amurka."
Mafi mahimmanci, IMF ko Bankin Duniya ba su da wata damuwa game da azzaluman banki. Rahoton 2015 na Wakilin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na musamman game da matsananciyar talauci da yancin ɗan adam, Philip Alston, ya kammala da cewa bankin duniya “yanzu ya tsaya kusan shi kaɗai, tare da asusun lamuni na duniya IMF, yana mai dagewa akan cewa haƙƙin ɗan adam al’amura ne na siyasa wanda ya zama dole, a matsayin ƙa’idar doka, kaucewa, maimakon zama wani muhimmin sashi na tsarin doka na duniya.”
Bankin ya ba da hujjar wannan matsayi ta hanyar dagewa cewa ba zai iya shiga cikin "siyasa na bangaranci ko rikice-rikicen akida da suka shafi kasashe mambobinsa" ta hanyoyin da ba su dace ba kamar "ba da goyon baya ga ƙungiyoyin siyasa, jam'iyyun siyasa ko 'yan takara a zabuka," ko " amincewa ko tilasta wani nau'i na gwamnati, kungiyar siyasa ko akidar siyasa."
Amma duk lokacin da wata kungiya ta kasa da kasa ta ba da kudi ga gwamnati, takan karfafa karfinta. Bayan da Amurka ta mamaye Afganistan da Iraki, Pentagon ta ƙirƙira kalmar da ke kama da tasirin taimakon waje: "Kudi a matsayin Tsarin Makamai." Rahoton na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 2015 ya lura cewa "hanyar da Bankin Duniya ya dauka game da 'yancin ɗan adam ba ta dace ba, ba ta da amfani kuma ba ta dawwama. Ga mafi yawan dalilai, Bankin Duniya yanki ne mai 'yancin ɗan adam. A cikin manufofinsa na aiki, musamman, yana ɗaukar 'yancin ɗan adam kamar cuta mai yaduwa fiye da kima da wajibai na duniya."
Bankin Duniya ya rufe idonsa sosai don gujewa jin irin ta’asar da gwamnatocin kasashen da gwamnatoci ke mulka ke yi cewa yana bankadowa. Mai ba da rahoto na musamman ya lura, "Ta hanyar ƙin yin la'akari da duk wani bayani da ke fitowa daga kafofin haƙƙin ɗan adam, Bankin yana sanya kansa a cikin kumfa na wucin gadi."
Sha'awar gwamnatin Trump na "runki biyu" kan IMF da Bankin Duniya abu ne mai kyau don yin sulhu da su. kawar da kashi 90% na taimakon kasashen waje kwangila daga Hukumar Raya Ƙasa ta Amurka (USAID). ’Yan iska a duk faɗin ƙasar sun yi farin ciki cewa a ƙarshe masu tsara manufofin Washington sun amince da ɗaya daga cikin manyan zamba cikin shekaru 80 da suka gabata.
Idan har tawagar Trump ba za su iya samun ingantacciyar manufa kan bankin duniya ba, to wane fata ke da su na warware wasu matsaloli masu sarkakiya? A takaice na kasance mai ba da shawara ga Bankin Duniya a ƙarshen 1980s, ina samun kuɗi co-marubuci rahoto a kan wawaye na tallafin gona. A wancan lokacin, jami'an gwamnatin Reagan sun yi ta ba da rahoto akai-akai game da Bankin kusan shekaru goma, kuma Ma'aikatar Baitulmali ta Amurka ta bi su da kururuwa na lokaci-lokaci. Sakatare Bessent ya koka a ranar Laraba cewa Bankin Duniya "bai kamata ya sake sa ran za a gudanar da bincike na banza ba don tallan da ba za a iya yi ba, tare da sadaukar da kai don yin garambawul." Amma bayan kusan rabin karni na yunkurin Amurka na yin garambawul a Bankin da IMF, babu wani dalili da za a yi tsammanin za a bar duk wani kudiri.
Ko kuwa wadanda Trump ya nada sun yi imanin cewa halatta kudaden harajin Amurka ta hanyar hukumomin kasa da kasa ko ta yaya zai sa su amfana? Ko wataƙila ma'aikatan Baitulmalin Amurka suna son tabbatar da cewa sun ci gaba da gayyatarsu zuwa ga manyan jam'iyyu a DC da ma duniya baki ɗaya. Ko da kuwa, IMF da Bankin Duniya suna ba da tallafi ga mafi munin manufofin Covid a duniya wani abin tunatarwa ne na dalilin da ya sa ya kamata a kori waɗannan ƙungiyoyin.
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